Dab tsi piav qhia txog cov duab ntawm lub domes ntawm Orthodox pawg ntseeg?

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Los ntawm lub domes ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox, ib tug yuav to taub tsis tau tsuas yog lub sij hawm ntawm nws kev tsim kho thiab lub regional affiliation, tab sis kuj yog dab tsi nws tau mob siab rau. Thaum ntxov Christian basilicas thiab ancient Roman tuam tsev feem ntau muaj ib tug loj dome nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib hemisphere. Lavxias teb sab pawg ntseeg tuaj yeem tau crowned nrog ntau tus naj npawb ntawm cov domes, uas tshwm sim hauv ntau hom.

Yog hais tias lub tuam tsev muaj peb lub domes, lawv cim lub trinity dawb huv, tsib domes - Tswv Yexus thiab plaub tug tshaj tawm txoj moo zoo, 13 - Tswv Yexus thiab cov thwj tim. Muaj peev xwm txawm tias muaj 25 domes, piv txwv li, hauv thawj pob zeb Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, ua thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 10th hauv Kievan Rus. Ntxiv rau Khetos thiab cov thwj tim, lwm lub tsev tau xaiv 12 tus yaj saub Phau Qub. Lub tuam tsev no tseem tsis tau muaj sia nyob mus txog niaj hnub no.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub domes ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawd tsis zoo li cov dos. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, lub kaus mom hlau-zoo li tus domes tau dav nyob rau hauv Russia lub tsev teev ntuj architecture. Raws li lub npe implies, lawv cov duab zoo li lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Lavxias teb sab hero. Peb tuaj yeem pom lawv ntawm cov tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws uas muaj sia nyob.

Txawm li cas los xij, domes domes tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov cim ntawm Russia thiab qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Orthodox architecture. Cov duab ntawm dos symbolizes lub nplaim taws. "Qhov kev ua tiav ntawm lub tuam tsev no zoo li tus nplaig kub hnyiab, ua rau tus ntoo khaub lig thiab ntse rau tus ntoo khaub lig …" - sau tus kws tshawb fawb kev ntseeg Yevgeny Trubetskoy hauv nws daim ntawv teev lus Peb Essays ntawm Lavxias Icon.

Lub taub hau bulbous ("poppy") yog qhov kawg ntawm lub dome, uas yog ntsia rau ntawm lub hauv paus cylindrical ("nruas"). Hauv qhov no, txoj kab uas hla ntawm dos yog dav dua li lub nruas.

Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tsis pom zoo txog thaum lub bulbous domes thawj zaug tshwm sim, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog dab tsi ua tus qauv. Cov no pom ntawm ntau yam me me thiab cov cim los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th. Muaj tseeb tiag, cov koom txoos no lawv tus kheej tsis tau dim.

Daim ntawv no tuaj qhov twg hauv Russia? Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov duab ntawm Yeluxalees kuvuklii (chapel hla lub Sepulcher Dawb Huv), uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th, hypothetically muaj, yog cov duab ntawm lub nroog Yeluxalees kuvuklium (chapel tshaj lub Vaj Sepulcher) uas tuaj ntawm no ua qauv.

Lwm cov keeb kwm ntseeg, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tias cov qij tau txais los ntawm cov mosques, uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th pib feem ntau muaj elongated domes.

Vim li cas raws nraim dos? Tsis muaj kev pom zoo. Muaj cov lus qhia tias daim ntawv bulbous yog qhov siv tau ntau dua - daus thiab dej tsis nyob rau ntawm nws. Raws li lwm qhov kev xav, nws yooj yim dua rau quav dos tawm ntawm ntoo dua li lub kaus mom-puab dome - thiab twb los ntawm cov ntoo architecture, daim ntawv ntws mus rau hauv cov tsev teev ntuj pob zeb. Lwm cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias cov kws tsim vaj tsev feem ntau nrhiav kev ua kom ntev dua cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev nce siab dua ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj architecture - uas ua ke nrog European Gothic nyiam.

Canon ntawm Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery. 1407 - Public Domain

Feem ntau ntawm cov dos-domed tuam tsev uas muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no tau ua nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th thiab tom qab ntawd. Ib qho piv txwv nto moo tshaj plaws yog St. Basil's Cathedral ntawm Red Square, ua nyob rau hauv Ivan the Terrible.

St. Basil's Cathedral, ser. XVI xyoo pua - Igor Sinitsyn / Ntiaj Teb Saib Xov Xwm

Kev sib kis ntawm domes domes kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj hipped hauv 16th-17th centuries. Lub tsev pheeb suab - lub siab, ntau yam pyramid - yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau lub nruas dome. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau xaus lus tias nws zoo li tsis txaus rau cov kws tsim vaj tsev los tsuas yog muab cov qauv hipped-ru tsev nrog tus ntoo khaub lig - thiab lawv yuav ntxiv dome dome.

Xws li cov qauv tsim tau nthuav dav hauv cov tsev teev ntuj ntoo thiab cov tsev teev ntuj pob zeb - lawv tseem tuaj yeem pom hauv Lavxias North, nrog rau hauv Moscow, Vladimir thiab Suzdal. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ntau lub tsev teev ntuj uas paub ntau dua architecture, lub tsev pheeb suab yog crowned nrog ib tug tswb pej thuam.

Zoo li tus naj npawb ntawm domes, lawv cov xim muaj lub ntsiab lus cim. Feem ntau muaj cov domes golden - lawv cim lub koob meej saum ntuj ceeb tsheej, feem ntau lawv tau crowned nrog cathedrals los yog lub ntsiab tuam tsev ntawm monasteries. Xws li lub tsev teev ntuj feem ntau mob siab rau Tswv Yexus lossis kaum ob lub koob tsheej (12 hnub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Orthodoxy).

Blue domes nrog cov hnub qub txhais tau hais tias lub tuam tsev tau muab siab rau Vajtswv Leej Niam lossis Tswv Yexus yug.

Ntsuab domes raug ntsia rau hauv cov tsev teev ntuj mob siab rau tus Vaj Ntsuj Trinity los yog rau ib tug neeg dawb huv - nyiaj domes kuj mob siab rau lawv.

Dub domes yog ntsia rau ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj monastery.

Solovetsky Monastery, XVI caug xyoo - Legion Media

Nws ntseeg tau hais tias ntau xim domes ntawm lub Cathedral ntawm St. Basil lub Foom koob hmoov cim rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej Yeluxalees, uas, raws li cov lus dab neeg, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug npau suav rau tus dawb huv neeg ruam.