Kev kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim ntawm Tartary

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Yog li peb paub dab tsi txog Tartary? Hmoov tsis zoo, lub ntsiab lus no tau raug lees paub tas li los ntawm cov kev xav tsis zoo vim tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev kawm ntawm lub xeev no thiab cov neeg uas nyob hauv nws. Qhov tseeb, tsawg heev paub txog Tartary, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tus cwj pwm los ntawm ib lo lus, muaj ob lub sijhawm kaj thiab tsaus ntuj hauv keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm lub tebchaws no. Tartary yuav tsum tau kawm nyob rau hauv ib tug complex, peb tham txog qhov no tas li thiab yaum cov neeg saib xyuas los koom nrog kev tshawb fawb, uas yuav tsis raug txo kom tsuas yog nrhiav consonances thiab tsim tag nrho cov kev xav raws li lawv. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntau dua yuav txuas nrog kev kawm ntawm Tartary, qhov zoo dua.

Ntxub cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg pseudo-kev tshawb fawb thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm lub ncauj lus ntawm Tartary? Xav paub ntau ntxiv? Tom qab ntawd ntawm no yog ib qho kev kawm me me ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim ntawm Tartary. Xyuas seb koj puas paub qhov no ntawm Lavxias thiab Asian keeb kwm zoo.

Tartary tau tsim los ntawm Scythians

Yog tias koj twb tau nyeem peb cov ntawv hauv lub xeev Great Khans, ces tej zaum koj yuav paub tias Tartaria tau tsim los ntawm Scythians.

Tus kws sau ntawv Fabkis txoj Alain Manesson-Mallet tau sau rau hauv nws phau ntawv xyoo 1683:

"Dab tsi tam sim no muaj lub npe thaj chaw Katay, yav dhau los yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cheeb tsam Seric."

Hauv lwm lo lus, Cathay tau coj los ntawm thaj av qub ntawm Serik, qhov chaw nruab nrab, zoo li nws yog, Ptolemy thaum ub ntawm nws daim duab qhia tau xaiv lub nroog Se·ra.

Tab sis kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no tsis paub Serik tshwj tsis yog lub nroog Turkish niaj hnub consonant Serik.

Cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm Cov Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub Nyoog muaj lub tswv yim zoo ntawm thaj chaw Asia, tab sis lawv paub tseeb tias cov roob Imaum lossis Imaus nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab cov neeg Scythians nyob lossis nyob tsis ntev los no - mus rau sab hnub poob thiab sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov roob no. Peb tau saib ntau yam tsim nyog ntawm cov duab qhia chaw, sim xyuas seb lub roob twg txhais tau li cas.

Ua tsaug rau peb qhov kev pom - daim ntawv qhia Fabkis txoj kev mus ncig thiab nrhiav pom ntawm Philippe Boucher hauv 1752, peb tam sim ntawd coj mus rau hauv tus account tias sab qaum teb ntawm Siberia thiab Kamchatka tsis tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia txog 1740s.

Yog li ntawd, lub roob Imaum nyob rau sab qab teb ntau dua, qhov chaw hauv Central Asia.

Tom qab ntawd kuv tuaj hla ib daim duab qhia ntawm Michel Pico xyoo 1763, uas cov npe uas niaj hnub nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau ua ke nrog cov "antique". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj qhov nruab nrab, zoo li lub nceeg vaj Kushan, lub nceeg vaj Laz. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia no, lub roob Imaus yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm niaj hnub Uzbekistan thiab Kyrgyzstan.

Obviously, lub npe hu ua ancient sau ntawv, nrog rau lawv cov counterparts ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog, txhais tau hais tias lub roob tshwj xeeb no.

Lub cheeb tsam Serik tau nyob, raws li cov kws sau ntawv thaum ub, mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov roob no. Tom qab ntawd, qhov chaw nyob ntawm Great Khans ntawm Tartaria tau muab tso rau hauv European cartographers nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv lub Katay cheeb tsam, heev ze rau lub Great Wall ntawm Tuam Tshoj.

Qhov tseeb nthuav: ntau tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm DNA genealogy, tom qab ntau cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov noob caj noob ces ntawm cov neeg Eurasia, tuaj txog qhov xaus tias cov poj koob yawm txwv nrog "Aryan" haplogroup yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg Lavxias feem ntau tuaj ntawm Central Asia.

Ntau tus neeg paub li cas cov Scythians qhia lawv tus kheej. Kev sau ntawv ntawm Scythians zoo ib yam li Etruscan, Greek. Ua tsaug rau lwm qhov kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm Fab Kis cov ntawv khaws cia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qub qub, tam sim no peb paub tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XIV (cia sim ua kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev sib tham no), cov neeg European paub txog cov kwv tij ntawm Scythians thiab Goths, uas cov Scythians nrhiav tau. 4 lub nceeg vaj: Tartaria, Parthia (uas muaj Persia), Bactria (kuj muaj tsab ntawv Greek yuav luag) thiab Amazon.

Nws yog nthuav tias cov neeg no tau suav tias yog niaj hnub nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XIV. Txhua haiv neeg ntawm thaj av Hiav Txwv Dub tau sau txog qhov tseeb ntawm Amazons, Greeks% 20Dell% 27% 20Asia% 2CTavola% 20Ottava.% 20Dell% 27% 20Asia% 3Bsort% 3APub_List_No_InitialSort% 2CPub_%Date. 3

Lawv txawm hais nyob rau hauv Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Bygone Xyoo (xws li ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th), tsis yog yav dhau los, tab sis tam sim no. Ntawd yog, cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm cov lus dab neeg yog cov niaj hnub ntawm Amazons. Michel Pico daim ntawv qhia txog xyoo 1763 nrog rau kev siv rau "thaum ub" thiab tsis yog cov kws sau keeb kwm yav dhau los qhia peb, coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb ntawm thaj chaw nrhiav pom, qhov twg cov Scythian kingdoms tau nyob.

Thiab dab tsi tshwm sim hauv Serik thiab Asian Scythia? Raws li peb cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv lub XIV xyoo pua, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv lub XIII caug xyoo, tus kav ntawm Seriki, los yog KATAYA, ua, raws li peb xav tam sim no hais, lub reorganization ntawm Scythia thiab annexed nyob ze thaj chaw. Tus neeg no yog Genghis Khan, txawm hais tias feem ntau yuav yog lub npe lossis "npe", thiab tsis yog lub npe tiag tiag. Ntawm daim duab qhia kev kawm, lub xeev tshiab maj mam tshwm - "Tartaria". Cov thawj coj tsis yog ib co princelings, tab sis dab tsi yog tus huab tais - lub Great Khans.

Kev ntseeg ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb tswj hwm feem ntau yog polytheism, shamanism, ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb uas yog swastika. Lub peev ntawm sab ntsuj plig nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm Lhasa (los yog Lassa), uas yog nyob rau hauv lub fortress nroog ntawm Bietala, los yog nyob rau hauv lub zos txoj kev - Barantola.

Yog li ntawd, cov Tatars nyob rau hauv Russia tau hu ua "kev qias neeg" - los ntawm lo lus "pagan" ("pagan") - ib tug polytheist. Marco Polo, ib tug niaj hnub ntawm lub Great Kublai Khan, hais txog lub Tatars vajtswv Natigaya, los yog Nachigaya.

Feem ntau, Tartary tau dhau los ua lub teb chaws dawb tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, ze rau lub peev ntawm Tartary - lub nroog Khanbalyk, muaj cov nroog Christian thiab txawm tias cov ntseeg-Muslim - piv txwv li, Campion.

Cov lus xaiv thaum ntxov Tartary

Manesson-Malle hais txog cov kev xav ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ua ntej uas ntseeg tias Presbyter John, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab version - Tsar-pov thawj Ivan, uas yog, tus legendary kav ntawm lub hwj chim Christian xeev nyob rau hauv Central Asia, reigned nyob rau hauv Scythia-Tartaria. Qee tus kws sau ntawv medieval pleev xim rau hauv Africa. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias Venetian Marco Polo sau txog Genghis Khan kev ua tsov ua rog nrog huab tais Christian Presbyter John.

Nyob rau tib lub tebchaws, lawv tau pleev xim rau lub sijhawm ntev, los ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv, cov neeg ntawm Gog thiab Magog, uas tau liam tias los ntawm Japheth, tus tub ntawm Nau-a. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias Gog thiab Magog yug tau ob pawg - Scythians thiab Goths.

Manesson-Mallet qhia txog qhov version no:

"Muaj tseeb, lossis thaum ub, Tartary yog lub nceeg vaj lossis ntau lub tebchaws ntawm Salmanazar ntawm Assyria, uas tau coj cov neeg Yudais tuaj ntawm Judea." Hauv lwm lo lus, cov neeg European tsis paub meej txog keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg ntawm Seriki thiab Scythia dhau ntawm Imaus toj siab, tab sis lawv tab tom sim ua ke rau hauv Abrahamic keeb kwm thiab kev ntseeg lub tswv yim.

Lub hnub qub ntawm Tartary

Raws li kev sau ntawv, cov huab tais ntawm Tartaria, rau qee yam, tab tom hloov mus rau cov ntawv no … Allegedly, cov Tatars tau txais nws los ntawm Uighurs ces.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lawv cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv tam sim no muaj "Aryan" haplogroup, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm qee thaj tsam Uyghur ncav cuag 50%.

Thiab qhov twg cov Tatars, uas yog, cov pej xeem ntawm Tartaria, faus lawv cov thawj coj? Marco Polo thiab lwm tus kws sau ntawv, ua ib qho, tshaj tawm - hauv roob Altai. Vim li cas cov Scythians-Tatars suav hais tias Altai yog qhov chaw dawb ceev, qhov chaw muaj hwj chim, peb tsis paub tseeb. Tej zaum cov roob no yog cov poj koob yawm txwv lub tsev ntawm Scythians.

Tartary suav nrog ntau haiv neeg sib txawv rau lawv cov vajntxwv-khas. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem ntsib Caucasians, Turkomans, Tibetans, Cossacks, Chukchi, thiab Tungus; Nyob rau hauv lub steppes ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Dub hiav txwv koj tuaj yeem ntsib Kipchaks-Polovtsians, lwm haiv neeg Turkic thiab Slavic hais lus.

Cov neeg ua tiav ntawm Genghis Khan - Usbek thiab Tamerlane / Timur lees txais Islam, tab sis tsis txhob kis nws nrog hluav taws thiab ntaj hauv thaj chaw tswj hwm. Cov ntawv Arabic tau maj mam nkag mus rau hauv kev siv cov cheeb tsam vassal. Piv txwv li, hauv Muscovy. Nyob ntawd, cov ntawv sau tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog Asian zoo sib xws, suav nrog cov kaus mom hlau thiab ntaj.

Nws zoo nkaus li coj txawv txawv - piv txwv li, ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky, Christian crosses thiab tus thawj tubtxib saum ntuj yog ib sab ntawm cov ntawv sau los ntawm Kaulees.

Nyob rau hauv tib lub khaub ncaws, tab sis tsis muaj crosses, Tatars thiab Persians, Turks thiab Indians, ib feem ntawm Mamelukes nyob rau hauv Egypt, ib nrab ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Middle East yog sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau lub sij hawm no.

Txawm tias kev sib yuav ntawm Ivan III rau Sophia Paleologue tsis ua txhaum kev phooj ywg ntau pua xyoo ntawm Muscovites thiab cov pej xeem ntawm Tartaria. Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian Ambassador rau lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Vasily III, tau sau tseg tias Russians thiab Tatars tsis ntau txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob rau hauv tsos.

Thiab yuav ua li cas koj nyiam lub domes nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov neeg Esxias turbans tshaj lub Cathedral ntawm St. Basil lub Blessed, tsa los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Ivan Vasilyevich IV?

Muscovites thiab Tatars tau nquag ua lag luam rau lub sijhawm ntev heev hauv Grustin, lub nroog loj Tatar ze ntawm Moscow-Tatar ciam teb.

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Moscow feem ntau mus ntsib Tsar ntawm Kataysky - qhov no yog li cas lub Great Khan hu ua nyob rau hauv Russia. Thiab leej twg, yog tias tsis yog cov neeg nyob hauv lub Kremlin ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, paub tias Tartary yog leej twg, tus Tatars yog leej twg thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj li zoo ib yam li Lavxias Ivanovs.

Thiab Kitai-Gorod, thawj lub fortress nyob rau hauv Moscow, tej zaum lub npe hu ua ib feem ntawm tib Katay, qhov twg lub Great Khan zaum.

Thiab ces … no kinship nrog Byzantium - lub thib ob Rome, Moscow npau suav ntawm ua tus thib peb … Kuv xav tau lub hwj chim thiab lub yeeb koob, nkees ntawm them tribute rau lub txhab nyiaj ntawm Tartary. Thiab xyov txhua yam spun los ntawm nws tus kheej, spun. Thiab cov Catholic sab hnub poob pib weave intrigues. Tau txais kev phem ua ntej Polish kev cuam tshuam, tshiab dynasty ntawm Romanovs, uas yog, Roman. Tom qab ntawd qhov no Pyotr Alekseevich …

Cov kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm tom ntej no yuav mob siab rau kev kov yeej ntawm Tatar khas thiab cov neeg tuaj txawv teb chaws los ntawm Tartaria. Tsis tas li ntawd, siv cov ntaub ntawv thaum ub thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm DNA genealogy, peb yuav qhia tias dab tsi tau koom ua ke ntawm cov neeg Lavxias niaj hnub Central Russia thiab cov thawj coj ntawm medieval Tartary.

Anastasia Kostash

tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau Kramola portal