Kev siv thev naus laus zis los tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav tau tsim nyob rau hauv Russia

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Cov xov xwm tshaj tawm hauv qab no yeej tseem ceeb thiab nthuav. Muaj tsuas yog ib qho tab sis … Nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes yuav xws li ib lub cuab tam rau kev hloov hom "Homo sapiens" yuav pom? Tej zaum qhov no yog lo lus nug tseem ceeb.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm lo lus nug: nyob rau hauv kev peev nyiaj txiag, thaum cov txiaj ntsig yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov tuam txhab uas ntiav cov kws tshawb fawb los tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no, puas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tiam tom ntej txaus tshawb xyuas?

Ib lub tshuab rau reprogramming lymphocytes rau kev kho mob sai thiab zoo tau tsim nyob rau hauv Russia.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws tau npaj yuav siv nws los tua kabmob kheesxaws, thiab yav tom ntej nws yuav tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj niaj hnub rau lwm yam kabmob, tshwj xeeb, rau ntau yam kabmob.

Lub taub hau ntawm lub chaw soj nstuam ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv ntawm National Medical Research Center ntawm Oncology muaj npe tom qab V. I. Blokhin ntawm Ministry of Health ntawm Russia, xibfwb Dmitry Kazansky.

Qhov project "Transgen" yog dab tsi?

Dmitry Kazansky: Txoj haujlwm Transgen tau ua los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb los ntawm 2015 txog 2018, txawm hais tias lub hauv paus yog raws li kev tshawb fawb uas kuv cov npoj yaig thiab kuv tau ua rau 20 xyoo.

Peb tau ntsib nrog txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho sai thiab zoo rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Raws li koj paub, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ib txwm siv sijhawm qee lub sijhawm los tsim cov lymphocytes tsim nyog. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau siv sijhawm ob peb hnub lossis ntau lub lis piam.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws paub tias qee cov kab mob kis tau tsim thiab ua sai sai thiab tsis tso cai rau lub cev los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Piv txwv li, tib yam Ebola. Peb txiav txim siab los sim tam sim ntawd tsim lymphocytes nrog cov tsim nyog receptors. Technically, qhov no yog ib txoj haujlwm ua tau.

Yog li, peb tab tom tham txog kev tsim cov khoom siv dag zog?

Dmitry Kazansky: Koj tuaj yeem hais li ntawd, uas yog, kom lub cev dhau mus rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tau txais nws tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev dag ntxias.

tshwm sim?

Dmitry Kazansky: Yog lawm, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis zoo li no tau tshwm sim. Ib qho loj ntim ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb preclinical tau ua nyob rau ntawm kab ntawm kev sim nas uas muaj cov qog ua qauv sim.

Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hloov lymphocytes, lawv lub cev coped nrog cov qog sai heev. Yog tias cov nas zoo tib yam tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv 10-12 hnub, ces cov kab mob ntawm cov nas transgenic tsis lees txais cov qog hauv 3-4 hnub. Peb txiav txim siab siv cov nyhuv no tiv thaiv kab mob. Peb tswj kom tau txais kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau salmonella, listeria - murine kab mob uas feem ntau ua rau cov kab mob tuag taus.

Tam sim no cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho tau txais thiab patented los ntawm Foundation rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb tau siv los ntawm National Medical Research Center ntawm Oncology npe tom qab V. I. Blokhin nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntxiv. Lub creation ntawm biomedical cell khoom pib, uas yog, ncaj qha tshuaj uas yuav kho tib neeg.

Thaum twg tus qauv kho yuav raug tsim?

Dmitry Kazansky: Cov no yog lub sijhawm kwv yees, kuv xav tias, xyoo.

Cov kab mob dab tsi tuaj yeem hloov cov lymphocytes tiv thaiv?

Dmitry Kazansky: Peb tab tom tham txog kab mob oncological.

Nws puas yuav yog kev kho mob thoob ntiaj teb rau mob qog noj ntshav?

Dmitry Kazansky: Tsis muaj cov tshuaj universal. Oncology yog ntau pua tus kab mob sib txawv, uas feem ntau muaj tus cwj pwm ntawm tus kheej. Thiab cov kev kho mob ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov no.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub lymphocyte reflashing mechanism nws tus kheej siv?

Dmitry Kazansky: Tib neeg cov ntshav raug coj mus, lymphocytes raug cais tawm ntawm lwm lub hlwb, tom qab ntawd cov kab mob sib kis tau siv los qhia cov noob tsim nyog rau hauv lymphocytes. Cov txheej txheem tsuas siv ob peb hnub xwb. Tom qab ntawd, cov hloov pauv lymphocytes raug txhaj rov qab rau hauv lub cev thiab koj tam sim tau txais ib tus neeg uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Koj puas yuav tsum hloov cov noob hauv lymphocytes tus kheej rau txhua tus neeg mob?

Dmitry Kazansky: Tus kheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim lub neej luv luv ntawm lymphocytes, kev qhia txog "cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv" yuav tsum tau ua txhua lub sijhawm los tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Xav txog tias qee cov kab mob yog xob laim sai hauv qhov xwm txheej, thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub los hloov pauv cov qog lymphocytes, tej zaum koj yuav tsum xav tam sim ntawd txog kev tsim ib lub txhab nyiaj ntawm leukocytes rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub tebchaws?

Dmitry Kazansky: Yog lawm. Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem nrawm, cov ntaub ntawv caj ces cov tsev txhab nyiaj tuaj yeem tsim rau ntau yam kab mob.

Nws puas tuaj yeem siv cov kev txhim kho yav tom ntej los tiv thaiv lwm yam kab mob?

Dmitry Kazansky: Yog hais tias qhov kev txwv ntawm tib neeg kev hloov kho caj ces puas tau kov yeej, ces tib neeg yuav tau tshem ntawm cov kab mob ntawm caj ces. Tsis ntev los sis tom qab, peb yuav tsum kawm yuav ua li cas kho lawv. Yuav kawm li cas kho lawv? Tsuas yog los ntawm kev hloov kho caj ces ntawm lub cev lossis los ntawm kev ua tiav ib ntus los ntawm kev qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kabmob nrog qee cov noob. Nws yuav muaj peev xwm cawm tau tib neeg los ntawm kab mob herpes, cuam tshuam cov saw ntawm kev sib kis ntawm tib neeg kev tiv thaiv kab mob lossis kab mob siab B.

Peb puas tuaj yeem cia siab tias nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsis txhob mus rau lub tsev muag tshuaj, ib tus neeg yuav txhaj nws tus kheej nrog cov lymphocytes uas twb tau npaj los kho cov kab mob tshwj xeeb?

Dmitry Kazansky: yav tom ntej, yog, tab sis tam sim no nws tseem ntxov dhau los tsom rau qhov no. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tias peb yuav pib kho cov lymphocytes xws li mob khaub thuas, kab mob adenovirus lossis txawm tias mob khaub thuas. Tab sis kev kho mob ntawm qee qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev phom sij rau lub neej yuav tsum tau pib ua li no tam sim no.

Cov thev naus laus zis no puas yuav ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yav tom ntej?

Dmitry Kazansky: Tsis tau. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws yog cov cuab yeej pov thawj, pheej yig. Peb cov thev naus laus zis kuj tseem yuav pheej yig dua, tab sis nws tsis zoo li pheej yig dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Transgena technologies siv tau li cas hauv lwm qhov chaw?

Dmitry Kazansky: Koj tuaj yeem ua tus npua uas tiv taus African swine fever, thiab nws tau lees tias yuav tau txais lub cim nco txog los ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg yug tsiaj thaum nws lub neej.

Puas yog tej hauj lwm no tau ua nyob txawv teb chaws? Puas yog peb ua ntej lossis poob qab hauv cov haujlwm no?

Dmitry Kazansky: Lawv tab tom pib. Qee txoj hauv kev peb ua ntej, qee qhov lawv yog. Lawv yog, kab tias, ua ntej hauv kev tsim thiab siv T-cell receptors. Peb muaj ntau tshaj algorithms rau lawv cov kev tshawb fawb, uas tso cai rau peb mus intensified thiab ceev cov hauj lwm nrog tau txais cov tshuaj biomedical tsim nyog rau kev kho mob.

Dab tsi nyiam FPI hauv koj qhov project hauv thawj qhov chaw, vim tias cov nyiaj cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv?

Dmitry Kazansky: Txhua yam uas muaj daim ntawv thov kev kho mob, txhua yam hais txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob, yuav tsum hais txog kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, peb yuav tsum tau nrog cov kab mob tshiab, tiv thaiv kev hem thawj ntawm bioterrorism. Peb cov thev naus laus zis yog ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev tiv thaiv.

Yuav siv Transgen li cas los tawm tsam bioterrorism?

Dmitry Kazansky: Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tshwm sim txog qhov kev hem thawj ntawm kev kis tus kab mob, cov neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau hauv kev tsom mus rau kev kis kab mob yog txhaj nrog hloov pauv lymphocytes los tiv thaiv lawv cov kab mob. Qhov no yog ib hom kev txhaj tshuaj sai sai.

Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav muaj peev xwm ua lag luam zoo. Puas muaj tej tuam txhab lag luam uas twb tau mus cuag koj lawm?

Dmitry Kazansky: Tsis tau. Txog tam sim no, cov neeg lag luam tau txwv tsis pub txaus siab rau qhov project no vim muaj ntau yam laj thawj, feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum rov ua pov thawj qhov kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis hauv cov kev tshawb fawb preclinical ntawm cov qauv tsiaj raws li cov cai tau txais hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Tab sis kuv xav tias thaum lub tshuab qhia tag nrho nws cov kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo, qhov kev txaus siab yuav zoo heev.