Lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm kev kawm ntawv qib pib hauv tsarist Russia

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nyob rau hauv tsarist Russia, compulsory universal thawj kev kawm ntawv tau qhia.

Piv txwv ntawm kev siv

Nyob rau hauv lub Web, ib tug muaj peev xwm feem ntau nrhiav tau nqe lus hais tias universal thawj kev kawm ntawv yog qhia los ntawm txoj cai rov qab nyob rau hauv tsarist Russia. Lub xyoo ntawm kev taw qhia yog qhia raws li 1908.

Feem ntau, cov saw hlau txuas ua rau cov kab lus paub zoo los ntawm BL. Brazol "Lub reign ntawm Emperor Nicholas II nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab qhov tseeb (1894-1917)", raws li lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus no. Nyob rau hauv nws, Brazol qhia tsuas yog lub xyoo nyob rau hauv uas "thawj kev cob qhia … ua yuam kev", tab sis tsis qhia ib tug tshwj xeeb piece ntawm txoj cai lij choj uas tsim ib tug kev cai:

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm los ntawm Olga Alexandrovna Golikova "Tsim ib tug network ntawm universal thawj kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub xeev Tomsk thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XX." peb pom cov hauv qab no:

• Cov npe ntawm cov dej num uas tau teev tseg hauv tsab xov xwm los ntawm OA Golikova ("txhua tus menyuam yaus ntawm ob leeg poj niam txiv neej, thaum muaj hnub nyoog kawm ntawv, yuav tsum tau txais kev kawm thawj zaug," thiab lwm yam) yog qhov rov qab hais txog cov kev cai ntawm tsab cai "Ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm universal. thawj kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman ", qhia rau lub ob hlis ntuj 20, 1907 los ntawm Minister of Public Education P. von Kaufmann rau lub xeev Duma:

  1. Txhua tus menyuam yaus ntawm ob leeg poj niam txiv neej yuav tsum tau muab lub sijhawm, thaum mus txog lub hnub nyoog kawm ntawv, kom ua tiav cov kev kawm tag nrho hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv tsim nyog.
  2. Kev saib xyuas ntawm kev qhib cov tsev kawm ntawv txaus, raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv, nyob nrog tsoomfwv cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv nroog, thaum suav suav txog cov tsev kawm ntawv xav tau yog ua los ntawm plaub pawg hnub nyoog: 8, 9, 10 thiab 11. xyoo.
  3. Lub sijhawm ib txwm ntawm kev kawm hauv tsev kawm theem pib yog 4 xyoo.
  4. Tus naj npawb ib txwm ntawm cov menyuam hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem pib ib tus kws qhia ntawv yog 50.
  5. Qhov chaw ib txwm muaj uas ib lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm yog thaj chaw uas muaj peb-verst vojvoog.

  6. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tsoomfwv cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv ib lub sijhawm ob xyoos txij li hnub nkag mus rau hauv cov kev cai no los tsim ib lub tsev kawm ntawv network thiab ib txoj kev npaj rau kev siv kom ua tiav kev kawm thoob ntiaj teb hauv ib cheeb tsam, qhia txog lub sijhawm. txwv thiab cov nyiaj xav tau los ntawm cov peev txheej hauv zos rau kev siv lub tsev kawm ntawv network….

     Nco tseg:Lub tsev teev ntuj hauv cheeb tsam thiab cov tub ceev xwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho lub tsev kawm ntawv network.

  7. Yuav kom koom nrog hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv network, lub tsev kawm ntawv tsim rau plaub pawg hnub nyoog yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no: nws yuav tsum muaj tus kws qhia kev cai lij choj thiab tus kws qhia ntawv muaj cai qhia, muab lub tsev kawm ntawv tsim nyog thiab huv si, kawm cov phau ntawv thiab phau ntawv qhia., thiab muab kev kawm pub dawb rau menyuam yaus.

  8. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tau teeb tsa (nqe 6) network thiab cov phiaj xwm rau kev siv yog xa los ntawm tsoomfwv tus kheej hauv nroog raws li cov txheej txheem tsim los rau Ministry of Public Education, uas, tom qab kev pom zoo ua ntej ntawm lub network thiab txoj kev npaj, sib txuas lus nrog cov Ministry of Internal Affairs. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov phiaj xwm thiab cov tes hauj lwm no, Ministry of Public Education tshaj tawm, nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv ntawm cov qhab nia faib raws li qhov kev kwv yees ntawm Ministry, rau txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv suav nrog hauv network, qhib lossis qhib rau xyoo kawm ntawv tom ntej, ib qho nyiaj pub dawb rau cov nqi them tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov kws qhia kev cai lij choj raws li lawv tus lej siv tau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv, suav 360 rubles. tus kws qhia ntawv thiab 60 rubles. xib fwb. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov nyiaj pab rau cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj tus nqi ntawm 390 rubles. rau 50 tus menyuam hnub nyoog kawm ntawv.

     Nco tseg:Cov tsev kawm ntawv Parish uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv network, ob qho tib si qhib thiab qhib rau xyoo kawm ntawv tom ntej, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov nyiaj txiag sib npaug nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv Ministry of Public Education, los ntawm cov nyiaj qiv los ntawm kev kwv yees nyiaj txiag ntawm cov Dawb Huv Synod; parish cov tsev kawm ntawv uas tsis suav nrog hauv lub network hauv cov cheeb tsam uas nws tau pom zoo tuaj yeem khaws cia nrog cov nyiaj hauv zos xwb.

  9. Lwm cov nuj nqis, ob qho tib si rau kev saib xyuas thiab kev npaj thaj chaw rau cov tsev kawm ntawv, thiab rau kev nce nyiaj hli ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv zos, yog tsim los ntawm cov tsim ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab raug ntaus nqi hauv zos.

  10. Tau txais cov nyiaj pub dawb los ntawm Ministry of Public Education tsis cuam tshuam txoj cai ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tsim los khiav lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tsoom fwv hauv zos yog muab nrog lub koom haum thiab kev tswj xyuas ze tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, nyob rau hauv kev coj ua thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm Ministry of Public Education.

  11. Cov vaj tse thiab lwm cov koom haum raws li txoj cai thiab cov tib neeg, yog tias cov tsev kawm ntawv lawv tuav yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv network, Ministry of Public Education muab cov txiaj ntsig, yog tias lees paub qhov xav tau, raws li kev suav sau saum toj no (clause 8) ntawm tib yam. lub hauv paus rau cov koom haum ntawm pej xeem tus kheej tsoom fwv …
  12. Tsis tau txais kev lees paub thiab kev pom zoo ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv network thiab cov phiaj xwm rau kev qhia txog kev kawm thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm tsoomfwv hauv nroog, Ministry of Public Education yuav faib cov nyiaj qiv raws li nws qhov kwv yees, raws li cov kev xav tau hauv zos thiab cov kev xav tau, ntsig txog cov kev cai tau teev tseg, nrog rau ib qho kev pom rau kev siv universal kev kawm hauv cheeb tsam.

  Kuv muaj kev hwm los nthuav tawm cov lus saum toj no rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm Lub Xeev Duma.

  ¹⁾

  Brazol IB "Kev kav ntawm Emperor Nicholas II hauv cov duab thiab qhov tseeb"

  ²⁾

  ³⁾

  GATO. F. 126. Op. 3. D. 40.

  ⁴⁾

  Blinov A. V. "Rau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev siv nyob rau hauv Western Siberia ntawm lub xeev project ntawm universal thawj kev kawm ntawv thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XX." / Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub interregional scientific-tsim lub rooj sab laj rau lub 75th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Novokuznetsk Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub zos Lore. Novokuznetsk, - 2003.-- S. 30-32.

  ⁵⁾

  RGIA. F. 1276. Op. 2. D. 495. L. 480 ob.-481 ob.