Dab tsi yog qhov peculiarity ntawm Erisman lub rooj inclined
Dab tsi yog qhov peculiarity ntawm Erisman lub rooj inclined

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov peculiarity ntawm Erisman lub rooj inclined

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov peculiarity ntawm Erisman lub rooj inclined
Video: 028 Nruas neeb part1 EP28 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Cov neeg uas nyob thiab kawm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union tej zaum yuav nco ntsoov hais tias cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb lub rooj - nrog ib tug inclined lub rooj sab saum toj thiab ib tug ruaj khov qauv uas tsis tso cai rau hloov qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub rooj zaum thiab lub rooj. Txawm li cas los xij, ob peb xyoos dhau los lawv tau pib tso tseg, thiab tsis ntev tas los no lawv tau nco ntsoov dheev, xav tias lawv yuav rov ua qhov chaw hauv chav kawm.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab no tsis yog qhov xwm txheej, vim Erisman lub rooj inclined, uas tau tsim ib puas xyoo dhau los, yog thiab tseem yog cov rooj tog zaum zoo tshaj plaws thiab nyab xeeb rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias xws li ib tug tsim ntawm cov ntxhuav tau muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev heev lub sij hawm: thawj prototypes ntawm xws li rooj tog tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov mus rau hauv lub rooj los yog secretaire, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj.. Xyoo 1865, ib tus kws kho mob Swiss hu ua Farner tau nthuav tawm cov duab kos ntawm tsev kawm ntawv cov rooj tog hauv ib qho ntawm nws cov haujlwm, thiab nws ntseeg tias nws yog nyob ntawm lawv lub hauv paus uas Erisman twb tau npaj nws lub tswv yim.

Farner cov duab
Farner cov duab

Fedor Fedorovich Erisman yog ib tug neeg saib xyuas neeg Lavxias-Swiss paub nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Nws tsuas yog 28 xyoo thaum nws luam tawm nws txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb "Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm myopia": nyob rau hauv nws nplooj ntawv nws tau nthuav tawm kev tsom xam ntawm kev vam khom ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub qhov muag thiab lub cev kab mob ntawm qhov tsis raug ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub rooj.

Raws li nws tus kheej lub tswv yim thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb, nws tau tsim cov rooj tog tshiab, uas, nrog nws cov qauv tsim, yuav muab cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv xis nyob rau kev sau ntawv, nyeem ntawv, kos duab.

Fedor Fedorovich Erisman: 5 lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Fedor Fedorovich Erisman: 5 lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!

Ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm Erisman lub rooj zaum ib leeg, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws tsim nyog hais txog qhov tshwj xeeb txoj kab nqes ntawm nws lub rooj saum toj kawg nkaus - nws tau nyob hauv txoj hauv kev uas cov ntawv nyeem tau tsuas yog ntawm txoj cai kaum.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws tshawb fawb, uas tau mob siab rau ntau xyoo rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov muag, coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev nyeem ntawv zoo tshaj plaws - 30-40 centimeters. Nws muab tawm tias tus tub ntxhais kawm uas zaum ntawm lub rooj zoo li no tsuas yog tsis tas yuav slouch.

Kev kos duab thiab qhov ntsuas ntawm Erisman lub rooj
Kev kos duab thiab qhov ntsuas ntawm Erisman lub rooj

Heev sai heev, Erisman lub rooj tau nkag mus rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm pre-revolutionary Russia. Muaj tseeb, nws kim heev los tsim nws, yog li nyob rau hauv cov hnub nws tau siv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv cov neeg tseem ceeb thiab gymnasiums.

Txawm li cas los xij, keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv cov rooj tog tshwj xeeb no tsis tau xaus rau ntawd: lus ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, St. Petersburg tub ntxhais kawm Pyotr Feoktistovich Korotkov tau txiav txim siab los txhim kho Erisman lub tswv yim: lub rooj ua ob lub rooj zaum, thiab nws kuj tuaj nrog lub hau hinged, hnab hooks thiab txee rau cov phau ntawv hauv qab lub rooj saum toj. Lub tabletop nws tus kheej tau hloov pauv: nws yog Korotkiy uas tau txiav txim siab tso qhov chaw so rau inkwells thiab ob grooves rau tus cwj mem thiab xaum rau nws.

Tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj monument, Warsaw
Tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj monument, Warsaw

Tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj monument, Warsaw

Tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, ntau yam tau hloov pauv hauv lub tebchaws, tab sis qhov no tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau cov rooj hauv tsev kawm ntawv: hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv Soviet, lawv txuas ntxiv siv Erisman lub rooj zaum.

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau xyoo dhau los, lawv tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam vim lawv qhov tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm: qhov tsim ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj tso cai tswj hwm lub cev kom raug thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib tus neeg nyob ze, nrog rau. qhov tsis muaj cov ces kaum ntse, protruding qhov chaw ntawm fasteners txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob rau tus menyuam hauv chav kawm.

Thaum lub sij hawm Soviet era, Erisman lub rooj yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv tsev kawm ntawv
Thaum lub sij hawm Soviet era, Erisman lub rooj yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv tsev kawm ntawv

Tau ntau tshaj tsib xyoo lawm, lub rooj ntawm tus kws kho mob ua ntej kev hloov pauv Fyodor Fedorovich Erisman tau siv dav hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv Soviet, tab sis tom qab ntawd lawv pib hloov nrog cov rooj tog ntawm lwm cov qauv, txawm hais tias qee lub sij hawm cov rooj qub tseem siv hauv tsev kawm theem qis. chav kawm.

Nws zoo nkaus li tias Erisman lub rooj tau hnov qab tag nrho, tab sis tsis ntev dhau los, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev tau xav txog kev xa rov qab cov rooj tog zoo qub rau cov chav kawm, uas tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem dhau ib puas xyoo thiab ib nrab ntawm nws lub neej.

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