Homeopathy: panacea lossis dej ntshiab sib nrauj? Cov khoom loj

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Tus nyeem ntawv ntawm "Lub Qhov ncauj ntawm Totalitarian Propaganda" xa cov khoom siv voluminous ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm homeopathy.

I. homeopathy tuaj qhov twg?

Nws yuav zoo li muaj pes tsawg zaus lawv hais rau lub ntiaj teb tias homeopathy yog dab tsi. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg coob coob tseem tsis meej pem hauv cov lus tim khawv, raws li qhov kev xaiv tsa los ntawm VTsIOM xyoo 2017 qhia:

"Ib qho lossis lwm qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm "homeopathy" tuaj yeem muab 46% ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Raws li txoj cai, lawv xav txog tias nws yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov tshuaj (15% - "cov tshuaj los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab", 9% - "kev kho", thiab lwm yam), tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem muab cov ntsiab lus tseeb. Sau 1% ntawm cov lus teb "kev kho mob zoo li nyiam", 1% - "kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj tsawg kawg ntawm tus kab mob nws tus kheej", 4% - "kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj tsawg tsawg", 3% hais tias qhov no yog pseudoscience thiab quackery. 17% ntawm peb cov pej xeem tsis paub txog lub tswv yim ntawm "homeopathy" ua ntej koom nrog hauv kev soj ntsuam, lwm feem peb (33%) tau hnov lo lus no, tab sis tsis paub tias nws yog dab tsi."

Yog li ntawd, kuv yuav tsum hais ob peb lo lus hais txog nws yog dab tsi.

Homeopathy tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kho mob zoo Hahnemann thaum tig ntawm lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg (XIX) thiab ua ntej kawg (XVIII) centuries. Lub sij hawm nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob. Cov kev kho mob tau, muab tso rau nws me ntsis, muaj teeb meem. Piv txwv li, kev tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm kev kho mob ntawm George Washington, uas tuag hauv 1799, ua rau kev txiav txim siab tias nws tuag tsis yog los ntawm kev mob, tab sis los ntawm kev kho mob nrog mercury chloride thiab ntshav. Tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev huv thiab huv, cov kws kho mob cov cuab yeej tsis ua kom tsis muaj menyuam, thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo.

Saib tag nrho cov no thiab noj cov puab tsaig loj loj, Hahnemann tuaj nrog nws tus kheej txoj kev kho blackjack thiab whores.

Nyob rau hauv luv luv, thiab tsis mus rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm Hahnemann thiab lwm tus founded txiv ntawm homeopathy txog keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm homeopathy yuav piav raws li nram no:

1. Kev kho mob ntawm kev nyiam nyiam. Yog tias ib yam khoom ua rau muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, cov tshuaj me me ntawm cov tshuaj yuav ua rau cov tsos mob tsis zoo.

2. Kev sim tshuaj rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv. Yog tias, thaum noj cov koob tshuaj loj, cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv, ces tib yam tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj me me hauv cov neeg mob yuav kho tus kab mob nrog cov tsos mob zoo li no. Ua pov thawj, los ntawm Vajtswv.

3. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau co. Txhawm rau kom cov tshuaj me me ua haujlwm raws li lawv yuav tsum tau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau co zoo thaum lub sijhawm dilutions. Potentiation hu ua.

4. Kev kho mob me me. Corollary los ntawm point 1. Yuav kom cov khoom ua haujlwm kom raug, nws yuav tsum tau diluted kom zoo.

5. Tus kheej mus kom ze. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm tus neeg mob thiab nws tus mob thiab ua ib qho tshuaj rau nws.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, tsis muaj qhov txaus ntshai, yog li nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, homeopathy yog fashionable, thiab txawm pom nws cov txiaj ntsig. Uas tsis yog ib qho xav tsis thoob, lawv yuav tau "kho" George Washington nrog homeopathy es tsis txhob mercury chloride thiab ntshav, tej zaum nws yuav nyob ntev dua.

Tab sis los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub, pov thawj-raws li tshuaj, thawj plaub lub ntsiab lus yog pseudoscientific tsis muaj tseeb.

1. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no tsis kho zoo li zoo li los yog rov qab, txawm tias homeopaths tease tshuaj nrog allopathy. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub kho nrog cov tshuaj nquag, thiab tsis mob siab rau - lawv ua rau zoo sib xws, tawm tsam lossis lwm yam tsos mob ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv thaum noj ntau dhau. Yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (xws li zoo sib xws) tiv thaiv kab mob, ces cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog tias clonidine txo qis qhov siab (piv txwv li qhov rov qab), ces nws yuav raug muab tshuaj kom txo qis. Yog tias kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm paracetamol ua rau lub siab tsis ua haujlwm, qhov no tsis nyob hauv ib txoj kev tshem tawm thiab tsis lees paub nws qhov kev ua raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

2. Txoj kev "sim" tshuaj rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv yog dhau kev nkag siab. Ib qho kev sib raug zoo yog ploj mus qhov twg.

3. Tab sis "potentiation" yog ib lo lus nug nthuav. Cov neeg txhawb nqa niaj hnub ntawm homeopathy tau hnov qhov chaw ntawm Avogadro tus lej thiab kwv yees tias cov khoom muaj nyob hauv lawv cov pellets feem ntau tsuas yog tsis tuaj. Yog li ntawd, lawv mus los ntawm txhua yam ntawm cov dab neeg hais txog "kev nco dej" thiab txhua yam ntawm "lub zog tseem ceeb" uas nyob twj ywm hauv kev daws tom qab tsis muaj tshuaj nyob hauv cov tshuaj. Hmoov tsis zoo rau homeopaths, dej nco muaj nyob rau hauv ob peb kaum ntawm quadrillionths ntawm ib thib ob (Cowan ML li al. Ultrafast nco tsis thiab lub zog redistribution nyob rau hauv lub hydrogen bond network ntawm kua H2O. xwm 2005, 434 (7030): 199–202). Lub cim xeeb ntawm dej yog luv luv dua li ntawm tus ntxhais.

Tawm tsam "kev nco txog dej" tuaj yeem sib cav "txo rau Hitler": txhua khob dej muaj ob peb lub molecules uas muaj nyob rau hauv Hitler cov zis. Tab sis nws tsis muaj teeb meem, tej zaum vim Hitler shaken phem.

II. Qib qib

Muaj "decimal" (D) lossis "centesimal" (C) dilutions - pes tsawg zaus cov tshuaj diluted nrog ib dilution. Tus lej qhia tias pes tsawg zaus qhov kev hloov pauv no tau ua. Qee qhov piv txwv:

D2, C1, 10 ^ (- 2) - ib puas. Cov tshuaj nquag muaj tam sim no thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nquag nquag, nws tuaj yeem ua rau qee yam hauv tus neeg mob. Tsis yog qhov tseeb tias qee yam muaj txiaj ntsig.

D6, C3, 10 ^ (- 6) - ib tug ntawm ib lab. Lub active ingredient yog tam sim no. Tab sis qee qhov kev txiav txim feem ntau yuav tsis tuaj (nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsuas yog rau feem ntau "kev phem" tshuaj lossis cov kab mob muaj sia lossis kab mob). Piv txwv li, txhawm rau tshuaj lom koj tus kheej nrog botulinum toxin (LD50 - 1 nanogram ib kilogram ntawm qhov hnyav) hauv qhov kev ua kom zoo li no, koj yuav tsum haus cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm koj qhov hnyav.

D24, C12, 10 ^ (- 24) - txog 6 molecules ib mole ntawm cov khoom. Rau dej, ib mole yog 18 grams. Thiab txij li thaum cov tshuaj yog dripped mus rau cov suab thaj pellets nyob rau hauv ntau me me, qhov tshwm sim ntawm muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug molecule ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib ntsiav tshuaj yog ib tug rho npe uas muaj feem phem heev.

D52, C26, 10 ^ (- 52) - ob peb molecules rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb

D80, C40, 10 ^ (- 80) - ob peb molecules rau tag nrho cov pom ib feem ntawm lub ntug.

Muaj pes tsawg lub ntiaj teb koj yuav tsum nrhiav ib molecule ntawm dilutions ntawm C200 (10 ^ (- 400)) los yog txawm 10 ^ (- 2000), yog, yog, muaj xws li ib yam, koj yuav suav tau koj tus kheej.

III. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm homeopathy

Thaum cov lus nug tshwm sim txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm homeopathy, "cov nyhuv placebo" tam sim ntawd tshwm sim, vim tias tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha raug txwv rau qhov txiaj ntsig no.

Cov nyhuv placebo muaj tshwm sim, tab sis nws feem ntau tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv tus neeg mob qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm tus mob: "Kuv noj cov tshuaj thiab nws zoo li zoo dua, thiab cov hnoos qeev khiav tsawg dua." Qee qhov xwm txheej, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tiag tiag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus mob muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws-somatic. Tab sis peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qee cov kab mob loj tsis tuaj yeem kho nrog pacifiers.

Koj tuaj yeem pom qee qhov txiaj ntsig tsis ncaj ntawm "kev kho mob" nrog homeopathy:

1. Yog hais tias kev kho mob yog nqa tawm los ntawm homeopath, ces cov nuj nqis no yuav tsis tsuas yog sau cov suab thaj pellets rau koj cov nyiaj, tab sis kuj yuav tham thiab saib xyuas. Qee yam kev txhawb nqa kev puas siab puas ntsws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb rau hypochondriacs.

2. Lub sij hawm nkag nruj heev (yog tias cov tshuaj yuav tsis ua haujlwm, yog) tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob lub neej zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

3. Kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej nrog homeopathy yog qhov teeb meem tsawg dua li lwm cov tshuaj. Yog tias koj noj anaferon uncontrollably, thiab tsis paracetamol nyob rau hauv ib co Teraflu, ces koj lub siab yuav ua tsaug rau koj. Los yog, yog tias koj noj anaferon es tsis txhob siv tshuaj tua kab mob rau ARVI, nws kuj zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj muaj pov thawj tsis pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj paracetamol tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab tsis pom zoo kom noj tshuaj tua kab mob rau ARVI. Ntawd yog, ntawm no homeopathy pab txhawb rau kev ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj pov thawj, qhov no yog qhov zoo li squiggle.

Qhov no yog qhov uas cov txiaj ntsig xaus.

IV. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm homeopathy

1. Nyiaj

Thawj qhov pom tseeb raug mob los ntawm homeopathy yog pov tseg. Yog tias qee tus Vasya siv nws tus kheej cov nyiaj ntawm kev teem caij nrog homeopaths thiab ntawm cov khoom qab zib (es tsis txhob yuav lawv hauv khw muag khoom), ces nws yog nws tus kheej phem Pinocchio. Nws yog qhov phem dua thaum cov nyiaj siv nyiaj siv rau qhov kev dag ntxias no

Hauv xyoo 2010, ntawm qhov pib ntawm British Parliament, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov pov thawj hauv paus rau homeopathy tau ua, nrog rau kev poob siab heev rau homeopaths. Txij thaum ntawd los, ntau lub xeev thiab kev tshawb fawb lub cev thiab cov koom haum (tsuas yog nyob rau sab hnub poob) tau tsis lees paub homeopaths nyiaj, hwm thiab hwm. Los ntawm ib qho tsis ntev los no los ntawm wikipedia:

"Nyob rau xyoo 2018, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Hauv Tebchaws Askiv tau tso tseg tsis pub nyiaj homeopathy ntawm Royal London Tsev Kho Mob rau Kev Siv Tshuaj, lub tsev kho mob laus tshaj plaws thiab loj tshaj plaws, yav tas los Royal London Homeopathic Tsev Kho Mob."

2. Tsis txaus dilution

"Homeopathic dose" twb yog ib lo lus hais tias tsis muaj koob tshuaj. Tab sis qee zaum nws tsis yog. Piv txwv li, hauv cov tshuaj homeopathic "Traumeel" koj tuaj yeem pom cov hauv qab no:

Atropa bella-donna (Belladonna) D4.

Qhov no yog ib tug belladonna extract, uas muaj atropine, ntawm ib tug dilution ntawm ib tug ntawm kaum txhiab. Muaj kev nyab xeeb npaum li cas yog ib lo lus nug cais.

Thiab ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv thaum nws yeej tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb:

"Nyob rau xyoo 2010, FDA, FDA, raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau tshaj 400 tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm qaug dab peg, ua npaws thiab ntuav, nrog rau 10 tus menyuam mos tuag, xaus lus tias cov tshuaj homeopathic siv los ntawm Hyland's thiab CVS yog qhov txaus ntshai. los daws qhov mob teething"

Shit, tsis txaus rau unleash tshuaj lom.

3. Muag cov tshuaj nquag raws li kev siv tshuaj homeopathy

Cunning manufacturers ntawm homeopathy, resigned rau lub fact tias co phem (txhua txoj kev) txhim khu cov nyhuv ntawm diluted tshuaj, tej zaum, ntawm no thiab muaj, lawv tej zaum kuj pib ntxiv cov ua hauj lwm tebchaw rau lawv potions nyob rau hauv tiag tiag noj tshuaj. Thiab qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo, vim tias nws ua rau kev tswj tsis tau cov tshuaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau overdose lossis noj cov tshuaj tsis sib xws.

Yog tias koj haus cov tshuaj homeopathy nrog ib koob tshuaj paracetamol thiab ntxiv cov nyiaj uas nws tseem muaj, ces koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tshaj li cov tshuaj lom, thiab koj lub siab yuav hais tias "kawg", tsis yog "ua tsaug."

4. Muag tshuaj homeopathy raws li kev siv yeeb tshuaj

Qhov no yog kev dag ntxias kom meej.

Tus sau ntawm cov kab no ib zaug yuav "Tenoten" ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob, raws li kev kho mob tiag tiag rau insomnia. Nws tseem mob heev heev rau nkim nyiaj. Needless hais, insomnia tsis pab?

Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li ib tug dilution provokes tus neeg mob tsis kam mus rau ib tug tiag tiag kev kho mob.

5. Kev tsis lees paub txog kev kho mob tam sim no hauv kev pom zoo ntawm homeopathy

Cov khoom qab zib uas tsis muaj cov khoom xyaw nquag yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig (nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov placebo), tab sis kuj tsis muaj mob yog tias noj ua ke nrog cov tshuaj nquag.

Yog hais tias muaj lus nug tshwm sim, los yog homeopathy, los yog kev kho mob tiag tiag (yog hais tias nws tshwm sim rau ib tug kab mob muab), ces cia siab tias yuav muaj teeb meem.

Kev tsis kam kho tiag tiag yog qhov tu siab tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau tus neeg mob uas muaj mob hnyav. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev txaus ntshai no siv tsis tau rau homeopathy nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm kev hu ua lwm yam tshuaj.

Lwm cov tshuaj yog ib qho uas tsis tau muaj pov thawj ua haujlwm lossis tsis tau ua pov thawj tsis ua haujlwm. Koj puas paub qhov lawv hu ua lwm yam tshuaj, txog qhov uas nws tau raug pov thawj tias nws ua haujlwm? Cov tshuaj. - Tim Minchin

V. Cov ntsiab lus xaus

1. Yog tias koj xav siv koj tus kheej cov nyiaj rau "lwm yam tshuaj," nrog rau homeopathy, qhov no yog qhov koj xaiv.

2. Yog tias koj tshem tawm qhov kev kho mob tiag tiag, ua kom pom zoo rau "kev siv tshuaj kho mob," suav nrog homeopathy, qhov ntawd yog qhov koj xaiv, tab sis npaj rau qhov xav tsis thoob.