1974 hauv xim. Lub ntiaj teb zoo li cas 43 xyoo dhau los

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

1974-30-01 General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (sab laug) tham nrog Thawj Tus Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, Prime Minister of the Revolutionary Government Fidel Castro (sab laug) thaum nws mus ntsib mus rau Republic of Cuba. Eduard Pesov / RIA:

Castro tau kav teb chaws Cuba rau 15 xyoo thiab nws cov hwj txwv nto moo pib tig grey, uas nws tau cog lus tias yuav tsis chais tawm kom txog rau thaum muaj yeej ntawm American imperialism. Brezhnev tau kav lub USSR rau 10 xyoo. Lawv hais tias nws yog xyoo 1974 uas nws tau pib pom qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev.

Nws yog nrog thaum pib ntawm kev ploj tuag ntawm tus thawj coj Soviet hais tias lub tswv yim ntawm "stagnation" yog txuam, thiab tsis yog nrog txoj cai Brezhnev tag nrho.

Thawj 10 xyoo nyuam qhuav dhau los ua tau zoo heev. Pua pua ntawm cov tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws thiab cov chaw tsim kho vaj tse tau tsim, uas tom qab ntawd yuav "dev" rau ntev tom qab-perestroika xyoo.

Lub ntiaj teb cov txheej txheem loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov koom haum tshawb fawb hauv sectoral (departmental) tau tsim, uas tau tso cai rau USSR los ua tswv cuab ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm sab hnub poob, thiab qee txoj hauv kev txawm tias mus tom ntej.

Niaj hnub nimno technical modernization yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov Soviet ideology ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev lag luam kev loj hlob, tab sis lub bureaucratic system tsis heev tiv nrog rau kev siv ntawm ambitions.

Electronics thiab industrial automation tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb.

Qhov no yog dab tsi lub automation ntawm kev tswj ntawm Uralmash zoo li nyob rau hauv 1974:

Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xeev, nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo 1974, ib co dreamer adventurers twb npaj rau zus tau tej cov computers.

Golden xyoo ntawm stagnation!

Cov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub USSR yog kom txuag tau ib tug "Zhiguli", tsim ib lub tsev nyob rau hauv ib tug vaj teb ("dacha"), mus so "nyob rau hauv sab qab teb". Feem ntau, nws yog ib txheej txheem ntawm cov txiaj ntsig.

Lub hnub, hiav txwv, kvass, chaw nres nkoj, cov hluas, thaum kawg - dab tsi ntxiv rau cov neeg xav tau kev so tsis tu ncua hauv Sochi xyoo 1974?

Thiab yog tias koj xav pom "tiag tiag Europe" - mus rau Tallinn, qhov twg thawj Soviet ntau yam yeeb yam tau qhib rau xyoo 1974. Qhov kev zov me nyuam hauv nws ris lub npe zoo heev - "Kev Mus Los Ntawm Txwj Laug Ülemiste rau Hnub So":

Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas Estonian cowboys tau teeb ntawm lub tsev so Viru ntawm no.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj hmoo cov pej xeem Soviet tuaj yeem taug kev ntawm daim pib ua lag luam mus rau Golden Sands ntawm Bulgaria, qhov twg xyoo 1974 tuaj yeem xav txog kev sib tw zoo nkauj "ib yam li nyob rau sab hnub poob":

Nyob rau hauv lub USSR nws tus kheej, kev zoo nkauj kev sib tw nrog ib tug zam yeeb yam nyob rau hauv swimsuits tsuas yog tso cai nyob rau hauv 1988, thiab nyob rau hauv 1974 nws muaj peev xwm pom tsuas yog "Los ntawm, cov ntxhais!"

Rov qab nyob rau hauv lub USSR, 1974 tau cim los ntawm cult zaj duab xis "Ib tug ntawm cov neeg txawv, ib tug neeg txawv ntawm cov phooj ywg":

Cov yeeb yaj kiab, ua yeeb yam hauv daim ntawv, yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev hais lus ntawm Asmeskas sab hnub poob, nrog rau kev ua si ntawm txhua tus Hollywood clichés, tab sis lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm zaj duab xis tau dhau los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws Soviet suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Nws kuj yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob hais xws li ib tug zoo kawg nkaus zaj duab xis ntawm 1974 li "Qhov Zoo Kawg Nkaus Adventures ntawm Italians nyob rau hauv Russia":

Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv lub neej ntawm USSR nyob rau hauv 1974 yog lub scandalous tshem tawm ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm Solzhenitsyn.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 7, 1974, kev tso tawm ntawm "Gulag Archipelago" thiab kev ntsuas "tshem tawm kev tawm tsam-Soviet" los ntawm nws tus kws sau ntawv tau tham hauv lub rooj sib tham ntawm Politburo. Cov lus nug tau raug coj mus rau Central Committee ntawm CPSU; Yu. V. Andropov thiab lwm tus tau hais txog kev tshem tawm; rau kev ntes thiab tshem tawm - Kosygin, Brezhnev, Podgorny, Shelepin, Gromyko thiab lwm yam. Andropov lub tswv yim yeej. Lub Ob Hlis 12, Solzhenitsyn raug ntes, raug liam ntawm kev ntxeev siab thiab tshem tawm nws txoj kev ua pej xeem Soviet. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 13, nws raug ntiab tawm ntawm USSR (nrog rau lub teb chaws Yelemees los ntawm lub dav hlau).

Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 10, 1974, Solzhenitsyn tau txais txiaj ntsig Nobel nqi zog hauv Kev Sau Ntawv, muab rov qab rau xyoo 1970:

Nyob rau hauv lub socialist camp xyoo 1974, txhua yam nyob twj ywm thiab nyob ntsiag to. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, Kev Cai Lij Choj thaum kawg tau los txog qhov kawg, 25th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm cov koom pheej tau ua kev zoo siab hauv GDR (duab los ntawm Thomas Hoepker):

Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv lub neej txawv teb chaws xyoo 1974 yog kev tawm ntawm US Thawj Tswj Hwm Nixon nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm kev foob vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm Watergate scandal.

Thaum tav su lub Yim Hli 9, 1974, Nixon tshaj tawm nws txoj haujlwm tawm ntawm lub xeev:

Kev rhuav tshem ntawm Nixon, zoo li kev tua neeg ntawm Kennedy, yog ib qho tshwj xeeb Asmeskas ntawm kev tawm tsam, tom qab uas yog kev koom tes ntawm oligarchs thiab siab dua bureaucracy. Ib yam li Kennedy, Nixon "hla txoj kab", tab sis lub sijhawm no nws tau txiav txim siab ua yam tsis muaj phom sniper, thiab npaj "kev ua koob tsheej ntawm kev ywj pheej." Cov koom haum ntawm "kev yos hav zoov rau Nixon" rummaged nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los cov ntawv xov xwm, pom muaj ib tug hais txog ib co me me teeb meem nrog "kab", thiab tus so twb yog ib tug teeb meem ntawm technology.

Nixon tau hloov los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm nrog lub tsheb lub npe Ford:

Tebchaws Amelikas xyoo 1974 twb yog lub tebchaws muaj mob hnyav heev, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev swb hauv Nyab Laj, nrog rau kev tuag ecology, kev puas tsuaj hauv nroog thiab kev lag luam tsis siv.

Kev lag luam tsheb raug mob hnyav los ntawm 1974 Roj Teebmeem, tab sis los ntawm inertia nws txuas ntxiv tsim qee cov roj av noj mastodons, zoo li no Imperial Model 74:

Txawm tias nyob rau hauv lub dab tuag tsim nrog lub protruding npoo ntawm "muzzle", cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntawm lub American haiv neeg ntawm lub sij hawm yog pom. Xws li cov tshuab kim thiab loj heev tsis muaj ntau qhov kev cia siab rau export.

Nyiv tau nrawm nrawm rau hauv cov thawj coj ntawm lub ntiaj teb pib xa tawm. Compact, pheej yig thiab kev lag luam Toyota 1974:

Thiab nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe tuaj lub zam rau "flattened" tsheb. Txawm hais tias xyoo 1974 Citroen SM tau dhau los ua qhov zoo li no vim yog kev coj ua ntawm qhov tsis nco qab DS 1955:

Thiab kev lag luam tsheb loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no xyoo 1974 tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nws cov me nyuam mos.

Cov Suav nyob rau hauv ib co semi-artisanal txoj kev riveted rau lawv cov "nomenclature" executive tsheb nyob rau hauv lub "Shanghai" hom, raws li nyob rau hauv lub Mercedes-Benz 180 'Ponton' qauv ntawm lub 1950s. Cov tsheb pib siv tsis tau lawv tsim los ntawm 1964 txog 1985!

Nyob rau hauv 1974, ib tug me ntsis modernized qauv Shanghai SH-760A tau tso tawm:

Feem ntau, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm 1974 txawm li cas los xij tau cim los ntawm ntau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tub rog thiab kev nom kev tswv hauv ntiaj teb.

Lub Plaub Hlis 25, 1974, cov tub ceev xwm sab laug tau ua "Carnation Revolution" hauv Portugal:

Yog li ntawd, txoj cai tswjfwm qub tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, uas tau muaj txij li xyoo 1932, raug rhuav tshem!

Xyoo 1973, Portugal yog lub tebchaws txom nyem tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob Europe, qeb thib 39 ntawm kev ua neej nyob. Txoj cai tiv thaiv ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Antonio Salazar thiab Marcelo Cetano rau ib nrab xyoo pua tau hloov lub teb chaws mus rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov teb chaws Europe rov qab tshaj plaws. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, theem ntawm mechanization yog tsawg, ntau lawm yeej tsis loj hlob, thiab, piv txwv li, cov nplej yield yog 5 npaug qis dua nyob rau hauv Western Europe. Cov pej xeem nyob deb nroog yuav luag tsis paub nyeem ntawv thiab xyaum ua neeg pluag nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm Fabkis los yog Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Republic of Germany.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, fascist dictatorship ntawm "dub colonels" uas muaj txij li thaum 1967 twb overthrown nyob rau hauv tim Nkij teb chaws.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli 15, 1974, kev tawm tsam tub rog tau tshwm sim hauv Cyprus, thaum lub sijhawm Greek Cypriot cov neeg ua phem lub koom haum EOKA-V overthrew Archbishop Makarios III, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Cyprus. Cov tub ceev xwm Turkish, pom qhov no yog kev hem thawj rau lawv txoj kev txaus siab hauv Cyprus, tsaws 30,000-cov tub rog muaj zog, uas nyob txog 35% ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov kob. Cyprus tau muab faib ua Greek sab qab teb thiab sab qaum teb Turkish.

Nov yog qhov Cyprus faib kab zoo li xyoo 1974:

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 1974, tsab cai lij choj tau dhau los hauv Iraq ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm Kurdish Autonomous Region (Iraqi Kurdistan), uas tau lees paub nws ciam teb nyob rau hauv peb lub xeev. Txoj cai lij choj enshrined tag nrho dependence ntawm tag nrho cov tseem ceeb lub xeev Kurdish lub cev ntawm tsoom fwv. Qhov tsis kam suav nrog cov roj nplua nuj Kirkuk hauv thaj chaw ntawm Iraqi Kurdistan thiab kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev ywj pheej ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam loj tshaj plaws Kurdish. Yog li ntawd, txij lub Peb Hlis 1974 txog Lub Peb Hlis 1975. muaj kev tsov rog ntshav ntawm tsoomfwv Iraq thiab cov Kurds, uas tau pab Iran zoo heev.

Cov neeg tawg rog Kurdish khiav tawm Iraqi foob pob, Bruno Barbey, 1974:

Xyoo 1974 g. Yasser Arafat tau lees paub qhov kev lees paub ntawm Palestine Liberation Organization yog tib tus neeg raug cai (PLO) tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg Palestinian hauv UN, tom qab ntawd nws tau hais kom PLO xaus kev ua phem rau txhua thaj chaw tshwj tsis yog Israel, Gaza Sawb thiab West Bank..

Arafat xyoo 1974:

Ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub neej xyoo 1974 yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov superstars tshiab ntawm theem Olympus - ABBA yeej qhov Eurovision Song Contest:

Hais txog lawv cov koob meej, cov plaub no yuav luag nrog plaub Beatles, uas nws lub ntiaj teb yeej yeej tau tshwm sim 10 xyoo dhau los, xyoo 1964.

Xyoo 1974, thawj Philips VCR1500 lub tsev kaw suab kaw tau nthuav tawm:

Ib lub sijhawm tshiab tau pib! Homevideo!

Lub ntsiab archaeological discovery ntawm lub xyoo yog nrhiav tau ntawm 8,000-muaj zog "terracotta tub rog" nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj:

Xyoo 1974 yog thawj xyoo ntawm tib neeg lub neej txij li xyoo 1973 Roj Teebmeem, uas ua rau muaj kev nce siab hauv cov nqi roj. Nyob rau hauv lem, qhov no yuav coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm "roj emirates", tab sis zaj dab neeg ntawm lawv zoo kawg nkaus txoj kev vam meej yog tseem ua ntej.

Hauv 1974, Qatar, piv txwv li, zoo li lub tiaj nraum qaum tsev ntawm lub ntiaj teb Arab:

Thaum kawg, tej zaum ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej xav paub tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo 1974 yog kev tso siab rau cov tub rog kawg ntawm Nyij Pooj Tub Rog ntawm Philippines Island of Lubang!

Tus hero lub npe yog Hiroo Onoda.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 10, 1974, tsuas yog tom qab tau txais kev txiav txim los ntawm nws tus qub thawj coj tam sim ntawd, Onoda tau tso siab rau cov tub rog Philippines. Nws yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tub rog khaub ncaws, nqa ib tug serviceable Arisaka hom 99 phom, 500 rounds rau nws, ob peb tes grenades thiab samurai ntaj. Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau muab nws rab ntaj rau tus thawj coj ua lub cim ntawm kev tso siab rau thiab npaj txhij tuag. Txawm li cas los xij, tus thawj coj rov qab muab riam phom rau nws, hu nws "tus qauv ntawm kev ua tub rog loyalty":

Thaum nws 30 xyoo nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov Lubanga, Onoda hloov mus rau lawv tej yam kev mob, coj ib tug nomadic txoj kev ua neej, sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov yeeb ncuab thiab cov xwm txheej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab kuj ua ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev tawm tsam rau Filipino tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm. Tus kws tshawb nrhiav noj cov nqaij nyuj qhuav ntawm cov nyuj qus, uas tau tua los ntawm nws tus kheej, nrog rau cov txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv ntoo, feem ntau yog txiv maj phaub. Nrog nws cov tub txib, Onoda tau ua ntau tshaj li ib puas qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Asmeskas radar puag, Filipino cov tub ceev xwm thiab tub ceev xwm. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, nws tua 30 thiab raug mob hnyav ntau dua 100 tus tub rog thiab cov neeg pej xeem.

Raws li Filipino txoj cai lij choj, Onoda raug txim tuag rau tub sab tub nyiag thiab tua neeg, tawm tsam tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog thaum xyoo 1945-1974, tab sis ua tsaug rau kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Nyiv Txawv Tebchaws Ministry, nws tau zam txim. Lub capitulation ceremony tau koom los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ob lub tebchaws, suav nrog tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Philippines Ferdinand Marcos. Onoda solemnly rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws thaum Lub Peb Hlis 12, 1974.