Synesthesia: tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm supernormal yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Kev txawj ntse muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau fusion ntawm kev xaav los ntawm ntau qhov kev xav. Cov kws tshawb fawb hu qhov no synesthesia. Vim li cas thiaj muaj ntau synesthetics?

Kev xav tsis thoob

Nyob rau hauv 1905, Lavxias teb sab biophysicist, kws qhia ntawv Pyotr Lazarev pib kawm cov mechanisms ntawm tib neeg kev xav ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Nws tau sau ib tsab xov xwm hais txog qhov no "Ntawm kev sib nrig sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev ntawm qhov pom thiab hnov lus", luam tawm ntau phau ntawv.

"Nws qhia tau hais tias synesthesia, thaum ob lub receptor systems sib koom ua ke, tsis yog ib qho bluff, tab sis qhov tseeb. thiab Pathology", muaj nyob rau lub Rau Hli ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Biophysics ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb.

Txawm hais tias nws ua tau zoo, xyoo 1937 Academician Lazarev tau raug liam tias pseudoscience thiab hounded nyob rau hauv xovxwm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb hauv qhov kev taw qhia no txuas ntxiv mus.

Kev xav pab nco

Nyob rau hauv 1968, Soviet neuropsychologist Alexander Luria luam tawm phau ntawv "Ib Phau Ntawv Me Me ntawm Great Memory". Hauv particular, nyob rau hauv nws piav qhia txog lub peev xwm ntawm tus neeg sau xov xwm, thiab tom qab ntawd tus kws tshaj lij mnemonist Solomon Shereshevsky.

Tus tub hluas raug xa mus ntsib kws kho mob hlwb los ntawm nws tus thawj saib xyuas, tus kws kho mob. Nws muab tawm hais tias lub cim xeeb ntawm Shereshevsky tsis muaj "kua ciam meej." Nws rov tsim dua cov lus cim nco txog ntau xyoo.

Nws raug kuaj pom tias muaj kev tsim synesthesia - kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ob lub siab. Cov suab paj nruag, suab tau xim nyob rau hauv nws lub siab nrog cov xim sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Shereshevsky muaj ob peb synesthesias, qhov twg ntws los ntawm tsib senses tau ua ke.

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm nws tso cai rau Luria los xaus lus tias synesthesias pab txhawb kom khaws cov ntaub ntawv zoo hauv kev nco.

"Dab tsi yog synesthesia rau? Nws rhuav tshem qhov tsis paub tseeb," Heinrich Ivanitsky ntseeg.

Nws muab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim hauv nws qhov chaw sim. Los ntawm rau qhov tawg, nws yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke ob daim duab tag nrho: ib lub square thiab ib daim duab plaub. Txhua tus tau daws txoj haujlwm no hauv ob peb feeb, yam tsis tau pom tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev tsim. Kev pleev xim rau cov duab nrog cov xim sib txawv tsis tau tshem tawm qhov tsis meej. Thiab tsuas yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib qho ntxiv - kev kos duab ntawm tus nab - ua kom nws daws tau qhov teeb meem kom raug.

Raws li tus xibfwb qhia ntawv, txhua lub cim tshiab ua rau kev nco tau yooj yim dua. Cov txheej txheem mnemonic yog raws li qhov no. Nws kuj piav qhia vim li cas cov synesthetics muaj lub cim xeeb zoo.

Creativity thiab synesthesia

Synesthesia yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no. Piv txwv li, tus kws kho mob neuropsychologist Villanour Ramachandran hauv nws phau ntawv "The Brain Tells. What Makes Us Human" piav txog kev xaav ntawm tus neeg mob synesthetic. Nws pom ib tug xim halo nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm txhua tus neeg. Cawv ua rau muaj kev xav ntau ntxiv: cov xim tau khaus ntau dua thiab kis thoob plaws lub ntsej muag.

Tus neeg mob no tau kuaj pom tias muaj Asperger's Syndrome, ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm autism uas ua rau kev sib txuas lus nyuaj. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm nyeem tau qhov kev xav, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab txog lawv raws li cov ntsiab lus. Ntxiv mus, txhua txoj kev xav muaj nws tus kheej xim.

Tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm qhov synesthesia tshwm sim li cas. Nws tuaj yeem tau txais los yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev hloov mus rau ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv.

Raws li ib qho kev xav, synesthesia tshwm sim thaum tus me nyuam tau paub txog cov ntsiab lus tsis meej: cov ntawv, lej.

"Tom qab kev lag luam luam ntawv pib tsim cov xim primers, tus naj npawb ntawm cov synesthetics tau nce. Tsab ntawv A - watermelon. Nws yog pleev xim rau xim liab. B - txiv tsawb, pleev xim daj. Tus neeg twg yog cov caj ces predisposed rau fusion ntawm receptor systems, xim ntawv nyob rau hauv nws lub taub hau. Maj mam, qhov no dhau los ua ib qho kev ruaj ntseg. Ntxiv mus, ib tug neeg tsis paub qhov no, "hais tias Henrikh Ivanitsky.

Tsis xav tias ntau hom synesthesia yog grapheme-xim thiab digital-xim.

"Yav dhau los, muaj ob feem pua ntawm cov synesthetics ntawm tib neeg, tam sim no muaj kaum ob. Nws tsis meej vim tias cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv txoj kev lees paub tau txhim kho, lossis qhov tseeb muaj ntau tus neeg zoo li no," tus xibfwb hais.

Nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm luam tawm nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb qhov teeb meem ntawm phau ntawv journal Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk, nws qhia hais tias kev txawj ntse ua hauj lwm thiab creativity pab mus rau ib tug nce nyob rau hauv cov synesthetics.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kos duab, kws sau ntawv, kws sau ntawv, kws tshawb fawb xav tau kev xav txog kev sib koom ua ke raws li suav nrog ntau qhov kev sib txuas ntawm pawg neurons. Yog tias qhov system ntawm inhibition hauv lub hlwb tsis txaus, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntws tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

"Rau ntau tus neeg muaj tswv yim, nrog rau kev mob siab rau kev ua haujlwm, cov kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, uas tsim lub ntiaj teb ci ntsa iab ntawm cov duab tshiab hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb," nws xaus lus.