Lavxias teb sab submarine: tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj nuclear submarine

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Xyoo 2019, Lavxias Navy yuav tsum suav nrog lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hom phiaj nuclear submarine K-329 "Belgorod". Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm "lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb" submarine nkoj thiab vim li cas submarines thiaj li nyiam nyob rau sab hnub poob? …

Nyob rau hauv 2019, Lavxias teb sab Navy yuav tsum muaj xws li ib tug tshwj xeeb nuclear-powered submarine tshwj xeeb-lub hom phiaj submarine K-329 Belgorod. Lub nkoj nquam nkoj ntawm hom no twb tau ua rau muaj kev sib cav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tub rog nyob rau sab hnub poob - American magazine Covert Shores txawm tau luam tawm cov tswv yim tsim nyog rau kev teeb tsa lub nkoj nkoj nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab riam phom. Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm "lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb" submarine nkoj thiab yog vim li cas submarines muaj kev txaus siab nyob rau sab hnub poob - hauv cov khoom ntawm Izvestia.

Underwater soj ntsuam

Cov lus txib ntawm Lavxias Navy ib txwm tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev npaj cov chav nyob rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Ntxiv nrog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua cov neeg ua luam dej thiab cov tub rog tshwj xeeb submarine detachment, Northern Fleet muaj kev faib tawm, cov naj npawb thiab cov qauv uas tseem raug cais tawm. Tau ntau xyoo lawm, cov dej num thiab thaj chaw ntawm GUGI nkoj (Main Directorate ntawm Deep Sea Research) muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog US naval rog thiab NATO lub teb chaws. Cov nkoj, uas, nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, tau raug cuam tshuam nrog GUGI los ntawm Western xov xwm yeej muaj peev xwm zoo. Piv txwv li, lub nkoj ua haujlwm ntawm Project 22010 " Cruis"Nws tseem raug xa mus rau sab hnub poob raws li "cov ntaub ntawv zais cia" thiab "Internet killer".

Lub npe menyuam yaus " txaus ntshai" tsuas yog qee qhov tseeb - lub nkoj tshawb fawb dej hiav txwv " Amber", Tsim los ua cov haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv dej hiav txwv ntiaj teb, yeej muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo - muaj cov tsheb sib sib zog nqus hauv hiav txwv ntawm lub nkoj." Rus"thiab" Consul", Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem nqa cov chaw taws teeb nkag mus rau cov khoom ntawm qhov tob. Nrog rau lawv cov kev pab, lub nkoj cov neeg coob tuaj yeem ua tiav yuav luag txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm kev kawm ntawm cov dej hiav txwv, txawm tias nws yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm geological nta lossis kev kawm ntawm seismic kev ua ub no hauv qee thaj chaw, tab sis kuj tshawb xyuas kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov tub rog sib txuas lus cables.

Xyoo 2019, lub nkoj niaj hnub ntawm hom no yuav tsum raug lees txais rau hauv lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb ntawm lub nkoj ntawm GUGI. Thiab txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb oceanographic ships raug tsim raws li ib qhov project, lub nkoj thib ob ntawm koob " Pob zeb diamond"Yuav muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm nws cov thawj coj. Ntxiv rau qhov zoo li yav tom ntej, tus thawj coj tsim lub nkoj ntawm qhov project no, Almaz Central Marine Design Bureau, tau sau tseg tias OIS tshiab nrog tib lub npe yuav ntev dua 10 m, yuav tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab yuav muaj peev xwm. kom ua tau ntau yam haujlwm.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov nkoj ntawm hom no yog kev ua haujlwm tsis txwv kev caij nkoj - txhawm rau ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm uas tau muab, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum nkag mus rau cov chaw nres nkoj rau refueling thiab ntxiv lwm cov khoom siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, navigation autonomy yog 60 hnub, thiab kev ua haujlwm caij nkoj mus txog 8 txhiab nautical mais.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb nrhiav, cov nkoj ntawm qhov project 22010 tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, suav nrog kev tshawb nrhiav cov khoom hauv qhov tob tob. Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm Yantar cov neeg coob tsis ntev los no - thaum kawg ntawm 2017, lub nkoj tshwj xeeb, nrog rau Argentine Navy ships, tau siv los tshawb nrhiav lub submarine. San Juan Sunk nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv Atlantic.

Lub Hom Phiaj Tshwj Xeeb Atom

Ib xyoos tom qab xa cov kev tshawb fawb nkoj "Yantar" mus rau cov kws tshwj xeeb ntawm GUGI, Lavxias Navy tau txais ib qho ntawm feem ntau zais cia nuclear submarines rau hauv lub nkoj. BS-64 " Moscow suburbs » Sawv ntsug ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm lub nkoj nkoj rau 16 xyoo thiab thaum lub sijhawm rov tsim kho ntev nws tau hloov los ntawm lub nkoj nkoj tawm tswv yim rau hauv lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb nuclear submarine. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv rov qab, lub submarine tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lub npe nrov "hump" - ib feem ntawm lub hull tsim kom haum rau silos nrog ballistic missiles, thiab nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw muaj ib tug "docking compartment" ntawm me me tsheb sib sib zog nqus dej hiav txwv..

Ntau qhov chaw tau sau tseg tias cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv ntau hom tsheb sib sib zog nqus hauv hiav txwv los ua cov haujlwm, cov uas muaj xws li "lub teeb" underwater reconnaissance tsheb " Harpsichord"Thiab lawv modernized version" Harpsichord-2R-PM"Thiab tshwj xeeb nuclear qhov tob-dej chaw nres tsheb ntawm cov haujlwm 1910" Sperm whale », 1851 « Halibut"Thiab 10831" Losharik ».

Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb hauv nuclear sib sib zog nqus, tab sis ntau qhov chaw qhia tias nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm hom no, cov neeg coob ntawm cov nkoj hauv nkoj yuav tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau "neutralize. "Txhua qhov kev taug qab, suav nrog cov dej hiav txwv sib sib zog nqus, thiab muaj peev xwm deactivate txhua yam khoom siv rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog sonar sensors rau kev taug qab ntau lub hom phiaj thiab cov phiaj xwm nuclear submarines, tau teeb tsa hauv thaj chaw thov ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tswv yim thiab ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines.

Counter attack

Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2018, cov xov xwm zoo siab tau mus yuav luag tsis pom - Lavxias Ministry of Defense thawj zaug tau lees paub qhov tsim ntawm cov neeg coob rau lub nkoj loj tshaj plaws nuclear submarine hauv Navy. Thiab txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm K-329 "Belgorod", rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb, tsis muaj, nuclear submarine, muaj peev xwm ua ob txoj haujlwm tshawb nrhiav thiab tawm tsam, twb tau ua rau muaj kev txaus siab tsis yog ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv tsev, tab sis kuj ntawm cov tub rog Asmeskas. Kev mloog ntau ntxiv rau lub nkoj nkoj nuclear K-329 feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog "them nyiaj them". Kev tawm tsam tseem ceeb ntawm lub nkoj nuclear submarine "Belgorod" yuav yog qhov chaw sib sib zog nqus dej hiav txwv " Poseidon » Nrog rau kev caij nkoj ntawm yam tsawg kawg 10 txhiab km.

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tawm tsam, kev cuam tshuam nrog cov mos txwv niaj hnub no yog qhov ua tsis tau, twb tau sau tseg los ntawm Asmeskas cov kws tshaj lij. Cov ntawv xov xwm Covert Shores txawm luam tawm ib qho teeb meem ntawm Poseidons nyob rau hauv K-329. Yog tias koj ntseeg qhov kev kwv yees ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Asmeskas, tom qab ntawd hauv nkoj yuav muaj mus txog rau rau ultra-high-speed "nuclear torpedoes" nrog lub taub hau ntawm 2 megatons txhua. Cov tsheb sib sib zog nqus dej hiav txwv, txiav txim siab los ntawm cov duab luam tawm, tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm lub hnub qub thiab sab laug ntawm lub nkoj hauv nkoj hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb, thiab lawv qhov kev tso tawm tuaj yeem nqa tawm "hauv txoj kev torpedo."

Tub rog kws tshaj lij Vasily Kashin Hauv kev sib tham nrog tus neeg sau xov xwm Izvestia, nws tau sau tseg tias cov kws tshaj lij pej xeem thiab tub rog los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau xav ntev txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm Lavxias submarine thiab cov khoom siv hnav.

"Poseidon" yog lub tsheb txaus ntshai, uas, thawj zaug, muaj kev kub ceev, thiab qhov thib ob, ntau dua (ntau dua li cov pa submarines) qhov tob ntawm kev mus ncig, "- Kashin hais. Raws li tus kws tshaj lij, qhov cuam tshuam muaj peev xwm ntawm Poseidon yog tsuas yog ib feem lub peev xwm muaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab tseem tsis muaj qhov ncaj qha analogues ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsheb sib sib zog nqus dej hiav txwv nrog lub nuclear reactor nyob rau hauv lub armament ntawm US Navy thiab NATO lub teb chaws.

Cov neeg nqa khoom ntawm "nuclear" drones tau raug suav nrog hauv qeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab tawm tsam nuclear submarines. Ntxiv rau Losharik nuclear chaw nres tsheb hauv dej tob thiab Harpsichord-2R-PM unmanned reconnaissance aircraft rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tob tob, cov khoom siv hauv nkoj hauv nkoj muaj xws li nuclear turbine generator unit (ATGU). Txee », Los ntawm qhov no, yog tias tsim nyog, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub zog siv hluav taws xob siab, suav nrog cov chaw saib xyuas tus kheej ob leeg ntawm ntug dej thiab hauv qab dej.

Ceev dua thiab ntxiv

Cais, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias xyoo 2020, qhov thib ob "kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev puas tsuaj" nuclear submarine, muaj peev xwm ua tiav ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov tob hauv ntiaj teb dej hiav txwv, yuav tsum suav nrog hauv lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb submarine nkoj " Khabarovsk", uas tau nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho txij li thaum 2014 raws li qhov project 09851. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm no hom ntawm submarine yuav txawm ntau dua automation thiab saturation nrog robotic tsheb npaj, thiab lwm yam, rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov dej khov ntawm lub Arctic.

Cov neeg Amelikas kuj tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim cov phiaj xwm tshwj xeeb submarines, nrog rau cov tsheb hauv hiav txwv tob, txawm hais tias tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm "nuclear" Poseidon drone, kev ua tiav ntawm US Naval Institute thiab lub koom haum rau kev tiv thaiv qib siab. DARPA saib tsis meej pem. Lub ntsiab "lub nkoj tshwj xeeb" - cov neeg nqa khoom ntawm cov tsheb hauv qab dej hauv US Navy tseem nyob USS Jimmy Carter - thib peb thiab kawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob submarines ntawm Seawolf chav kawm. Muab cov qauv tsim ntawm lub nkoj nquam nkoj, Jimmy Carter feem ntau yuav siv los ua qhov chaw kuaj dej hauv qab rau kev xyaum siv cov tsheb sib sib zog nqus dej hiav txwv, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tshwm sim tas li ntawm lub nkoj nkoj nuclear ntawm kev ceeb toom.

Tib qho kev taw qhia hauv kev txhim kho US Navy, uas cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha tsis tuaj yeem pom hauv cov chaw qhib, yog kev tsim thiab siv cov chaw nres tsheb hauv dej tob uas muaj peev xwm dhia 1000 m lossis ntau dua. Lub underwater drone yog suav hais tias yog tib txoj haujlwm siv tau thiab ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia no. Boeing echo voyager, kev sim daim ntawv thov uas nyob rau hauv cov dej ntawm lub hiav txwv Pacific pib nyob rau hauv 2017. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob me me thiab cov khoom siv roj tsawg ntawm lub nkoj ua rau txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no.

Xav txog cov naj npawb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tshwj xeeb submarines hauv US Navy, nws tuaj yeem ua tib zoo txiav txim siab tias Russia tau ua tiav ntau yam kev vam meej hauv kev tsim cov txhais tau tias rau kev tawm tsam submarine ua tsov rog, uas yog suav tias yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev tsov rog yav tom ntej.