Yuav ua li cas Stalin tiv thaiv cov lus Lavxias

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Los ntawm tus sau:Kab lus no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib txuas lus los ntawm Viktor Chumakov hauv Pravda ntawv xov xwm thiab xaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm V. Soym phau ntawv "Forbidden Stalin".

Lub ntsiab lus yog tias tam sim ntawd tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, qee qhov kev tawm tsam ultra-revolutionaries yuav hloov cov tsiaj ntawv Cyrillic nrog cov tsiaj ntawv Latin. Lub koom haum tshawb fawb ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm rau Kev Kawm, tsis yog tsis muaj kev koom tes los ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev A. V. Lunacharsky, twb nyob rau hauv 1919 tau hais tias "… hais txog qhov xav tau ntawm kev qhia cov ntawv Latin rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub koom pheej, uas yog ib qho laj thawj raws li txoj hauv kev uas Russia tau nkag mus, txais yuav ib daim ntawv qhia hnub tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem metric. ntawm kev ntsuas thiab qhov hnyav ", uas yuav ua tiav ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm ua los ntawm Peter I, thiab yuav sawv cev rau qhov kev hloov pauv kev sau ntawv kawg.

Lub koom haum ntawm Lavxias teb sab Literature Lovers tau tawm tsam lub tswv yim no. Nws tau tsim ib lub koom haum tshwj xeeb, uas tau tshaj tawm rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 23, 1919. Ntawm no yog cov excerpts los ntawm nws: "Tom tau qhia ib tug tshiab, monotonous font rau tag nrho cov haiv neeg, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob xav txog lub convergence thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg, uas yog ua tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug nyob lus, uas yog ib tug organic qhia ntawm lub. tag nrho cov hnub nyoog-laus kab lis kev cai taug kev los ntawm txhua tus neeg. " "Cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm kev hloov kho, sawv ntawm qhov kev xav thoob ntiaj teb, hais kom cov lus qhia ntawm European tsab ntawv tsis yog rau cov neeg tsis paub ntawv ntawm Russia, tab sis kuj rau Lavxias …"

Thiab qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Latin es tsis txhob ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Cyrillic rau hauv Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1920.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov Trotskyists, nrog lawv cov pseudo-internationalist demagogy, tsis ua siab ntev. Kaum xyoo tom qab, ib tsab xov xwm los ntawm A. V. Lunacharsky nrog kev hu mus hloov mus rau cov tsiaj ntawv Latin. Thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, Anatoly Vasilyevich, raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm hauv 1929, nco qab tias V. I. Lenin tau liam tias tau hais rau nws txog qhov xav tau ntawm kev hloov mus rau cov tsiaj ntawv Latin, tab sis "nyob rau lub sijhawm ntsiag to, thaum peb muaj zog dua." Kev dag, tau kawg. Tsis muaj ib qho lus qhia ntawm lub ncauj lus no hauv ib qho ntawm Lenin txoj haujlwm.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim ntawd tau ua raws - daim ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Kev Kawm ntawm RSFSR A. Bubnov rau I. Stalin nrog rau daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Glavnauka ntawm kev ua tiav kev hloov pauv kev sau ntawv thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm romanizing cov tsiaj ntawv Lavxias.

Cov lus teb los ntawm Central Committee tuaj raws nraim 10 hnub tom qab.

Thiab cov txheej txheem seditious tuag tawm yuav luag tam sim ntawd. Txawm li ntawd los, lawv ntshai Stalin. phooj ywg I. Luppol tau ceev nrooj tshaj tawm rau Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm, Politburo, Cultprop ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees thiab rau Tus Lwm Thawj Coj Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Kev Kawm, Comrade Kurtz, ntawm kev rhuav tshem ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Romanization thiab kev txiav tawm ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm lub ncauj lus no:

Yog lawm, ces lawv twb ntshai Stalin, tab sis tseem muaj cov neeg siab tawv uas muaj peev xwm mus rau ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam. Raws li ib xyoos thiab ib nrab tom qab, cov neeg xav tsis thoob ntawm cov lus Lavxias tuaj yeem paub lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv "Hmo ntuj Moscow" ntawm Lub Rau Hli 29, 31 nrog "Txoj Haujlwm rau kev hloov pauv ntawm Lavxias Lavxias" los ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham Txhua Lub Koom Haum Spelling, uas ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm thaum Lub Rau Hli 26.

Lub Politburo cov lus teb tau ua raws li peb hnub tom qab.

Nws yuav zoo li txhua yam, tab sis tsis yog, kev tawm tsam txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1937. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1932 lawv tau hloov los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Latin, thiab xyoo 1935 cov lus Komi-Zyryan thiab Udmurt tau rov qab los rau hauv Lavxias. Cia peb nco qab tias cov tsiaj ntawv Zyryan ntawm Cyrillic tau sau rov qab rau hauv lub xyoo pua XIV los ntawm St. Stefan Permsky, thiab cov lus Udmurt tau txais nws cov lus sau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th thiab, ib txwm, ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Lavxias. Hauv ntau cov lus hais nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 30s txog kev txhais lus ntawm Udmurt thiab Komi-Zyryan cov lus rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv Latin, qhov kev ua no tsis yog hu ua lwm yam uas tsis yog kev thuam thiab kev ua phem. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov teeb meem ntawm kev txhais cov ntawv ntawm Turkic thiab ntau cov neeg tsis sau ntawv ntawm USSR rau hauv Cyrillic tau sib cav sib ceg. Thaum lub sij hawm tsab cai lij choj ntawm USSR tau txais kev pom zoo rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 5, 1936, qhov teeb meem tau daws tau loj heev.

Z av. Lub tuam tsev kab lis kev cai ntawm Central Committee ntawm CPSU (b) A. Stetsky - rau I. Stalin thiab L. Kaganovich

Nco tseg los ntawm tus thawj tswj. Department of Science, Scientific and Technical Inventions and Discoveries of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) K. Bauman

↑ Cov lus qhia siv tau rau cov tsiaj ntawv tshiab thiab kev tsim cov lus

1. Tsim kom muaj ib qho kev txiav txim uas tam sim no rau tag nrho cov tsiaj ntawv, cov ntawv sau cov ntawv, cov ntawv txhais lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv, nrog rau cov kev hloov pauv hauv lawv, tau txais thiab muab tso rau hauv tsuas yog cov kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Central Executive. Pawg neeg ntawm USSR nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm lub All-Union Central Committee ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv tshiab (VTSKNA).

2. Tshem tawm cov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Nruab Nrab ntawm Cov Ntawv Tshiab thiab Leningrad Regional Committee ntawm Cov Ntawv Tshiab ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv Latin rau Vepsians, Izhorians, Kalinin Karelians, Permian Komi thiab cov neeg ntawm Far North (Nenets, Evenks, Evens, Khanty, Mansi, thiab lwm yam) thiab yuav tsum VTsKNA, nyob rau hauv peb lub hlis, txhais cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov neeg no mus rau Lavxias teb sab.

3. Qhia VTsKNA kom ceev nrooj xav txog cov lus pom zoo ntawm North Caucasian thiab Kabardino-Balkarian cov koom haum ntawm kev hloov ntawm Kabardians los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Latinized rau cov tsiaj ntawv nrog lub hauv paus Lavxias.

4. Qhia VTsKNA kom npaj, los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1936, ib qho kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tawm tswv yim ntxiv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv romanized ntawm Khakassians, Oirots, Kumandins, Shors, Circassians, Abazins thiab Adyghe.

5. Txhawm rau kom VTsKNA nyob rau ob lossis peb xyoos tom ntej no txhawm rau koom ua ke cov tsiaj ntawv tshiab hauv Latin thiab Lavxias lub hauv paus cais, txhawm rau txhawm rau muab tso ua ke thiab tshaj tawm cov ntawv sau sau, cov ntawv txhais lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv rau cov neeg ntawm USSR nrog cov tsiaj ntawv tshiab.

6. Los koom ua ke lub koom haum ntawm haiv neeg ntawm Central Executive Committee ntawm lub USSR nrog lub Leningrad tshawb fawb lub koom haum ntawm Linguistics ntawm cov neeg lub Commissariat rau kev kawm ntawv ntawm RSFSR thiab lub koom haum tshawb fawb ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub North, reorganizing lawv mus rau hauv lub Central. Lub koom haum ntawm Cov Lus thiab Kev Sau Ntawv ntawm Cov Neeg ntawm USSR nyob rau hauv Council of Nationalities ntawm Central Executive Committee ntawm lub USSR, nrog ib ceg nyob rau hauv Leningrad, entrusting rau lub koom haum no ncaj qha kev loj hlob ntawm spelling siv phau ntawv, terminological dictionaries thiab cov qauv sau ntawv, thiab. raws li kev muab kev pabcuam kev tshawb fawb tsim nyog rau nat. cov cheeb tsam thiab cov koom pheej hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv thiab hauv kev tsim cov lus.

Txhawm rau npaj los ntawm qhov pib ntawm xyoo 1936-1937 kev kawm ntawm Central Institute of Language thiab Sau ntawv peb xyoos rau 100 tus neeg los cob qhia cov lus thiab cov neeg txhais lus ntawm cov classics ntawm Marxism-Leninism.

Lub taub hau Department of Science, Scientific thiab Technical Inventions

thiab kev tshawb pom ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm CPSU (b) K. Bauman."

Nyob rau tib qhov chaw. L. 114-121. Luam.