Ivan-tea: qhov tseeb thiab dab neeg txog Koporsky tshuaj yej

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nyob rau hauv pre-revolutionary Russia, Ivan tshuaj yej tau tawm tsam zoo li ib tug fake ntawm Suav tshuaj yej, nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union nws yog cov nroj tsuag zoo li cov nroj tsuag, thiab tam sim no, nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm ntshuam hloov, peb tab tom tham txog kev tsim ib tug tag nrho Ivan tshuaj yej kev lag luam, nrog nws tus kheej txoj cai thiab cov players loj. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov zos thiab thaj chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab, cov neeg ua si me tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb - ua tsaug rau lawv txoj kev siv zog, lub hinterland qee zaum tau txais kev cawmdim tam sim no.

Nyias-leaved fireweed (aka ivan tshuaj yej) yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv vogue: ob peb loj manufacturers tau nkag mus rau hauv lub lag luam nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no - thiab mus txuas ntxiv ua li ntawd. Los ntawm cov xov xwm tshiab: "MAY-Food" (hom "Maisky tshuaj yej" thiab lwm yam) tau qhib ib tug zus tau tej cov tshuaj yej ivan nyob rau hauv Fryazino thiab tab tom npaj mus tshaj tawm lwm, ntau loj, nyob rau hauv lub Vologda cheeb tsam (qhov twg nws yuav nqis peev 265 lab rubles.). Tej zaum muaj cov phiaj xwm loj: lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm tias 1,500 hectares ntawm cov av ua liaj ua teb tau faib rau kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv Vologda Oblast. "Lub tuam txhab MAY-Food npaj yuav tuav txog 50% ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab dhau los ua tus tsav tsheb ntawm Ivan-tea qeb hauv khw muag dej kub. Lub peev xwm ntawm nws cov tshuaj yej ntau lawm yog 50 txhiab tons hauv ib xyoos, suav nrog cov tshuaj yej raws li willow, "said Sergey Konev, CEO ntawm MAY-Foods.

Muaj ib tug loj tsim nyob rau hauv Novgorod cheeb tsam (Emelyanovskaya biofactory), nyob rau hauv lub Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam (Aidigo thiab Nomad), muaj "Ivan-tea tub lag luam" nyob rau hauv lub Nizhny Novgorod cheeb tsam, "Yarila" nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam, "Northern teas" hauv Tomsk. Muaj coob tus xav kom kov yeej tsis tau tsuas yog lub khw Lavxias teb sab, tab sis kuj nkag mus rau txawv teb chaws sawv daws yuav.

Lawv yeej maj mam kov yeej lub lag luam hauv tsev: koj tuaj yeem yuav Ivan tshuaj yej hauv Azbuka Vkusa (los ntawm 150 rubles rau ib lub hnab 50 g), thiab nyob rau hauv lub peev Danilovsky kev ua lag luam (250-300 rubles txhua), thiab nyob rau hauv lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus.. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kiv cua loj hlob tuaj: yog tias ob xyoos dhau los tag nrho cov kev muag khoom tau kwv yees los ntawm cov neeg ua si ntawm 100-150 tons, tam sim no nws yog los ntawm 300 mus rau 600 tons, nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj - tsawg kawg yog $ 20 lab. ntau lawm tsuas yog tsib xyoos dhau los nrog ib tug pilot batch ntawm 500 kg. Lub tuam txhab tsis qhia tawm qhov twg ntawm cov kab tau thauj khoom, thiab tsuas yog hais tias "lawv yuav sim kaw cov peev txheej no kom ntau li ntau tau." 100 tons yog tsim los ntawm "Aidigo" los ntawm Yekaterinburg, thiab "Ivan-tea tub lag luam" los ntawm Nizhny Novgorod, raws li lub taub hau ntawm lub tuam txhab Oksana Cherkashina, txawm tsoo cov ntaub ntawv, tsim 112 tons ntawm tshuaj yej.

Rau cov neeg ua lag luam Dmitry Sinitsyn, tus tsim ntawm Aidigo, qhov kev zoo siab hauv kev ua lag luam yog nkag siab: hais txog cov txiaj ntsig, nws hais tias, nws tsis zoo li cov kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem piv nrog Ivan-tea hauv kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub no. Fireweed ntawm no yooj yim bypasses yav dhau los favorites - qab zib beets thiab nplooj nplooj. Yog tias tom kawg muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm 40-60% hauv xyoo zoo tshaj plaws, cov tshuaj yej willow tuaj yeem nqa mus txog 80%, ntxiv rau, yuav luag txhua tus neeg tsim khoom tsis loj hlob rau lub hom phiaj, tab sis tsuas yog sau rau hauv cov nyom ze ntawm cov zos.

Muab piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Ivan tshuaj yej nrog nplooj nplooj, Dmitry Sinitsyn paub tias nws tab tom tham txog dab tsi: nws lub tuam txhab pib nrog cov txuj lom. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1995, nws tsis yog fireweed tag nrho - coriander, mustard, kua txob dub thiab nplooj nplooj. "Tshwj xeeb yog qhov kawg," Sinitsyn nco qab. Nyob rau hauv 1995, nws thiab co-founder ntawm lub tuam txhab Vladimir Vinokurov koom nyob rau hauv "kev lag luam". "Peb nyuam qhuav nug tus neeg muag khoom Valentina Yakubovna ntawm Yekaterinburg Obshchepit puag, qhov chaw lawv muag cov poov xab qhuav thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, qhov kev thov tsis txaus siab rau. Nws teb tias: "Npaj thiab nplooj nplooj", - Dmitry luag.

Tau yuav cov ntawv xov xwm Kurier, cov neeg koom tes tau yooj yim pom ib nplooj nplooj ntawm lub hauv paus ze ntawm Ural Tub Rog Cheeb Tsam, yuav lub tsheb ZIL-130 tag nrho, ua 100% kos npe thiab muag tawm hauv ib lub lis piam.

Niaj hnub no, ntawm chav kawm, xws li markups nyob rau hauv ib txwm kab lis kev cai tsis tuaj yeem ua npau suav txog.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov Ivan tshuaj yej (tsawg kawg thaum kaj ntug ntawm lub lag luam) profitability yog ib tug teeb meem ntawm creativity. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv Russia muaj ntau tshaj 70 fireweed producers, kev ua lag luam yog loj hlob sai heev, tsis muaj tsim ib tug nruab nrab nqi. "Qhov kev thov yog li ntawd rau daim duab zoo nkauj koj tuaj yeem muag tib yam Ivan tshuaj yej ob peb zaug kim dua li cov neeg sib tw," hais tias Lena Karin, tus tswv ntawm kev pabcuam kev muag khoom rau cov neeg ua lag luam "Ntau dua li kev yuav khoom".

Tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom tuaj yeem yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg: cov khoom sib dhos tau them 20-30 rubles. ib kilogram, ces qee manufacturers qhuav thiab yob txhua yam yuav luag los ntawm tes, lwm tus neeg ua nws industrially, cais, ferment thiab pob, tau txais cov khoom zoo dua. Dmitry Sinitsyn hais tias Aidigo tau nqis peev 5-10 lab hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj yej ivan thiab nws muaj peev xwm muag cov ntim loj vim qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom. Kev muag khoom kuj tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov lus dab neeg uas lub tuam txhab tsim nws lub npe. Fireweed yog sau nyob rau hauv lub Ural roob, ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm St. Platonis, nws yog sau nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab lub website. "Ntau xyoo dhau los," cov lus dab neeg hais tias, "cov kwv tij phem coj lawv tus muam Platonida tob rau hauv hav zoov kom tuag. Thiab 30 xyoo tom qab, tau txiav txim siab hloov siab lees txim thiab thov Vajtswv rau lawv tus viv ncaus, lawv rov qab mus rau tom hav zoov thiab pom tus muam zoo nkauj tsis raug mob. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav dawb huv, uas khaws kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov hluas, cov dej uas Platonides haus”.

Cypriot dab neeg

Zoo li txhua yam khoom hype, Ivan tshuaj yej yog ib puag ncig los ntawm cov lus dab neeg. Xws li hais txog cov khoom kho: kho txhua yam - los ntawm prostatitis mus rau mob qog noj ntshav, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv, ob lub raum, daim siab, spleen, ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe, txhawb kev zoo nkauj, kev vam meej thiab kev ua neej ntev, muaj cov nyhuv sedative - tab sis kuj zoo siab. Thiab hais txog yav dhau los greatness. "Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, Ivan-tea tau kov yeej tsis tau tsuas yog Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab nws thiaj li nrov hais tias nws faib cov profitability los ntawm exports nrog grain thiab vodka," hais tias ib tug lus dab neeg uas paub nyob rau hauv lub lag luam Ivan-tshuaj yej.

Piv txwv li, tus tsim ntawm Kiprey tshuaj yej Hoobkas Sergey Khomenko, ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv cov lus dab neeg no, raws li zoo raws li ntseeg hais tias cov British, ntshai kev sib tw rau lawv tus kheej cov khoom, unleashed ib tug tiag tiag ua tsov ua rog tawm tsam fireweed thiab nyob rau hauv lub kawg yeej tsov rog no. Tab sis cov kws tshaj lij tshuaj yej thiab PR-tus thawj coj ntawm Turquoise Tea tuam txhab Denis Shumakov suav tias txhua yam lus dab neeg tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li cov lus dab neeg. "Lub teb chaws Lavxias teb sab muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb tsim bureaucracy, thiab kev lag luam tshuav ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv - tshaj tawm, nqe lus, sau ntawv," nws hais. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj lus hais nyob rau hauv encyclopedia ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsis tsuas yog lub neej, tab sis kuj cuisine - "Domostroy", XVI caug xyoo. Fireweed, tau kawg, tau sau thiab brewed - tab sis, thawj zaug, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tab sis thoob plaws sab qaum teb hemisphere, suav nrog Indians ntawm Canada. Thiab qhov thib ob, tsis tsuas yog fireweed. "Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov tshuaj tau siv, lawv kuj tau noj quinoa - tab sis rau qee yam peb tsis tau tham txog qhov zoo ntawm quinoa," Shumakov luag nyav.

Ntawm chav kawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob overestimate lub kho thaj chaw ntawm fireweed - nws yog siv nyob rau hauv tshuaj ntsuab nrog rau lwm yam nroj tsuag, muaj nws tus kheej indications thiab contraindications. Thiab raws li rau yav tas los muaj koob meej - nws yeej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm Ivan-tshuaj yej, txawm hais tias heev tshwj xeeb. Ivan tshuaj yej tau sau thiab qaug dej qaug cawv rau lub sijhawm ntev, tab sis nws tau pib tsim tshwj xeeb los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, thaum Suav tshuaj yej khw tau tsim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws.

Russia tau dhau los ua kev lag luam loj rau Suav, thiab txij li Suav (lossis, raws li peb hu ua nws, Kyakhta) tshuaj yej yog kim, kev dag ntxias pib. Lawv lub hauv paus yog "Koporye tshuaj yej", tshuaj yej ua los ntawm fireweed, muaj npe tom qab lub zos ntawm Koporye ntawm Gulf of Finland.

Nyob rau hauv Koporye, xws li tshuaj yej yog loj-tsim tsuas yog rau kev sib xyaw rau hauv cov khoom xa tawm."Koporskoe yog crumbly thiab qaub thiab pheej yig," tau sau txij thaum ntawd los hauv Dahl phau ntawv txhais lus. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias tus cuav tsis yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov Ivan tshuaj yej uas yog muag nyob rau hauv lub khw niaj hnub no, nws yog tiag tiag ib co hom ntawm trashy hloov, rotted thiab hlawv kom nws dub.

Cov tub lag luam Lavxias (thiab tsis yog cov neeg Askiv txhua) tau txhawb nqa rau kev txwv - thiab thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, ntau txoj cai tau tawm tsam "koporka": thaum xub thawj nws raug txwv tsis pub sib tov rau hauv tshuaj yej thiab muag hauv qab. lub guise ntawm Suav, thiab tom qab ntawd tus Minister ntawm Ministry of State Property Kiselev txawm sim txwv tsis pub siv Koporye tshuaj yej peasants los khaws lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Tab sis Kiselev txoj kev hloov pauv ua tsis tiav, thiab "koporka" poob ntawm kev siv tsis yog kev tsim txiaj ntawm kev txwv, tab sis los ntawm nws tus kheej, raws li kev lag luam tshuaj yej tau saturated nrog pheej yig teas.

Lavxias teb sab tshuaj yej

Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, fireweed thaum kawg poob mus rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab lawv pib tawm tsam nws - nroj tsuag tawm, watered nrog herbicides thiab liam rau kev poob. Peb nco qab nws saj thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb tsis ntev los no - tom qab xyoo 2014, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev hloov pauv. Thiab qhov keeb kwm no zoo li muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas cov neeg tsim khoom loj tau maj nrawm kom tau txais kev nyiam los ntawm tsoomfwv rau Ivan tshuaj yej.

Nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2015, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees tau tuav lub rooj sib hais ntawm lub ntsiab lus "Kev tsim kho ntawm txoj cai lij choj rau kev txhim kho Ivan-tshuaj yej kev lag luam hauv Russia thiab kev txhawb nqa rau cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev ntawm Ivan-tea." Cov koom nrog hauv lub rooj sib hais txiav txim siab tias ivan tshuaj yej "tuaj yeem raug hu ua lub teb chaws haus dej haus, uas yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj zaub mov txhua hnub ntawm txhua tus neeg Lavxias."

Los ntawm sab nraud, ntawm chav kawm, nws zoo li ib qho exaggeration - ntau tshaj 200 txhiab tons ntawm cov tshuaj yej zoo tib yam yog muag nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, Ivan tshuaj yej yog ib txhiab lub sij hawm tsawg dua, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntau npaum li cas qhov kev loj hlob ntawm Ivan tshuaj yej kev lag luam. "hais tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb vector ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam." thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib txoj haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws nrog "kev faib ua feem ntau ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab".

Tom qab lub rooj sib hais, Tsoom Fwv Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees tau pom zoo kom tsoomfwv xav txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj yej ntshuam thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhawb Ivan-tshuaj yej cov khoom lag luam rau txawv teb chaws. Tom qab qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm cov neeg tiv thaiv ua ntej kev tawm tsam, cov kev ntsuas no yuav zoo li kev ua pauj kev ntseeg siab - tab sis nws tseem tsis tau los txiav txim siab txog cov lus pom zoo txog tam sim no. "Lub teb chaws Union ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg tsim tshuaj yej, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub nthwv dej ntawm ntshuam hloov nyob rau hauv 2015 thiab txhim kho lub rooj sib hais, poob lawm -" lawv tsis muaj sij hawm mus rau npe rau nws," hais tias Sergei Tsitrenko, tus thawj coj ntawm Siberian Teas koom tes.. Nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj, lub tuam txhab Vologda Ivan-Chai thiab ob peb lwm manufacturers npaj mus rau npe rau ib tug tshiab union - nws thawj qhov kev tshwm sim yuav tsum yog ib tug exhibition nyob rau hauv lub Urals.

Tshuaj yej rau kev phooj ywg thiab kev lav ris

Yog hais tias rau cov lag luam loj ivan tshuaj yej yog ib tug fashionable feature thiab profitability ntxiv, ces rau me me producers los ntawm lub hinterland, nws tsis yog heev profitable, tab sis kev sib raug zoo taw tes tej yaam num los cawm tej thaj chaw muaj kev nyuaj siab.

Qhov tseeb yog tias fireweed hlob nyob txhua qhov chaw, suav nrog rau sab qaum teb, hauv thaj chaw deb thiab kev nyuaj siab ntawm Komi, thaj tsam Arkhangelsk, Siberia. Qhov twg tsis muaj dab tsi hlo li, muaj ivan tshuaj yej. Rau ntau, qhov no txhais tau hais tias kuj muaj kev cia siab.

Tus kws kos duab Mikhail Bronsky tuaj rau ib lub zos nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Arkhangelsk mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj, uas muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-2000s. Muaj 16 lub tsev nyob hauv lub zos, feem ntau yog cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg haus cawv nyob ntawd. Bronsky tau imbued nrog lub tswv yim ntawm reviving lub zos thiab pib zus tau tej cov Ivan tshuaj yej loj hlob muaj: nws nyiam cov neeg zej zog mus sau, qhia lawv yuav ua li cas yob ib nplooj thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab qhov cub, uas tseem nyob rau hauv lawv lub tsev.

"Kuv lub tswv yim yog tias koj tuaj yeem khwv tau nyiaj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag qus: lawv nqa nyiaj zoo heev rau lub zos. Thiab thaum berries tsis yog txhua txhua xyoo, Ivan tshuaj yej ib txwm loj hlob, koj tuaj yeem tso siab rau nws. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv ntawm kab lis kev cai rau kev txhawb siab ntawm kev sib hais haum yog pom tseeb, "piav qhia Mikhail Bronsky.

Thaum lub caij, nws ua haujlwm txog li ib puas leej neeg los ntawm txhua lub zos nyob ib puag ncig. Lub caij sau qoob loo kav los ntawm ib hlis, rau ib kilogram ntawm raw khoom, cov neeg sau tau txais 20 rubles.

Ib tug ntawm cov tsev neeg nqa mus txog 200 kg ntawm willow tshuaj yej ib hnub twg, pab tawm 4 txhiab rubles ib hnub twg. ib hnub.

Tus kws kos duab tau siv nws cov txuj ci hauv kev lag luam - nws tau coj cov khoom siv tes pleev xim rau lub hnab, nyiam lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam rau lub lag luam no thiab pib muag cov khoom ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Yog hais tias feem ntau ib lub thawv nqi 250 rubles, ces "Tea Bronsky" - 300-600 rubles. rau 70-120

Tam sim no muaj 18 lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub zos, thiab ib co ntawm lawv tau ua nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qub demolished. Ib tug banker txawm tuaj rau lub zos revived yuav nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. "Tsis muaj leej twg yuav mus rau hauv lub zos tuag los tsim lub dacha, thiab peb muaj tsev tshiab tsuas yog vim tib neeg nyob ntawm no txhua xyoo thiab tsis muaj leej twg yuav nyiag thaum tsis muaj cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov," Mikhail Bronsky paub tseeb.

Oksana Cherkashina qhov project "Ivan-tea tub lag luam" nyiam txog 1000 tus neeg rau kev sau qoob loo hauv Bryansk, Novgorod, Kostroma thiab lwm thaj chaw. Lawv txhua tus ua haujlwm rau ob peb lub lis piam thaum lub caij sau qoob loo, uas pab txuag tau ntau lub zos los ntawm kev muab haujlwm rau cov neeg nyob hauv.

"Ivan-tea tam sim no txhawb nqa peb lub tsev so Rus hauv Ust-Ilimsk, Irkutsk cheeb tsam, thiab ua tsaug rau nws, peb, feem ntau, muaj sia nyob," Sergey Khomenko, tus thawj coj ntawm chaw so thiab tus tsim ntawm Kiprey tshuaj yej Hoobkas. Qhov project no ntiav ib txhiab tus neeg uas tsis muaj sijhawm los khwv tau nyiaj los ntawm lwm txoj kev.

Thaum pib, Khomenko pib sau ivan tshuaj yej hauv thaj chaw chaw so kom muab rau cov qhua. Nws hloov tawm tias fireweed tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam, thiab raws li Siberian chaw ua si zoo siab thiab phem dua, cov tshuaj yej ua lag luam loj hlob thiab pab txhawb tag nrho "Rus". Kev xa khoom me me tau pib npaj rau Moscow thiab St.

"Txog thaum lub lag luam saturated thiab profitability yog zoo. Txhawm rau pib tsim me me, txwv tsis pub nqis peev tsis xav tau - 5-6 lab rubles. Peb qhov teeb meem tsuas yog tias peb tsis yog cov neeg muag khoom thiab peb tsis paub yuav ua li cas muag, yog li tau ntau xyoo kev lag luam tsis tau nyob ntawm cov tuam txhab uas twb muaj lawm, "hais Sergei Khomenko.

“Peb tsis ntshai lub tuam txhab May. Lawv tab tom ua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb - lawv tab tom tsim cov kab lis kev cai ntawm cov tshuaj yej cog qoob loo uas tsis yog xaiv cov nroj tsuag qus, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lag luam tshiab hauv kev ua liaj ua teb. Tab sis txawm tias lawv nyob hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom, kev lag luam online tseem yuav nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm cov tuam txhab me. Yuav muaj ib qho chaw rau txhua tus, Sergei Tsitrenko los ntawm Siberian Teas paub tseeb.

Tab sis feem ntau, cov neeg ua si me tsis zoo siab nrog kev tuaj txog ntawm cov players loj hauv kev lag luam. Lawv ntshai tias cov loj yuav txo tus nqi thiab saturate lub lag luam - thiab thaum Ivan tshuaj yej tshwm nyob rau hauv txhua txhua lub khw, nws yuav tsis yooj yim heev los tswj lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm nws uniqueness. Thiab them cov neeg sau 20-30 rubles. yuav tsis muaj dab tsi rau ib kilogram.