V.I.Dal: tsis yog Lavxias, tab sis Lavxias

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv txhais lus, Dal piav qhia tias nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm lawv sau "Lavxias teb sab" nrog ib tug "s" - Pravda Ruska; Tsuas yog Poland hu ua peb Russia, Russians, Lavxias teb sab, raws li lub Latin spelling, thiab peb tau txais qhov no, pauv nws mus rau peb cov tsiaj ntawv Cyrillic thiab sau Lavxias teb sab!

Vladimir Dal sib cav hais tias nws yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm sau "Lavxias teb sab" nrog ob "s", thiab sau nrog ib tug (Lavxias teb sab lus, Lavxias teb sab neeg, Lavxias teb sab av …). Nyob rau hauv lub annals ib "s" - Lavxias teb sab, Lavxias teb sab. Qhov thib ob "C" tuaj qhov twg?

Raws li txoj cai ntawm kev sau ntawv Latin, yog tias tsab ntawv "C" yog ib qho, ces nws nyeem zoo li [З], thiab yog tias muaj ob "SS", ces [C] nyeem. Hauv Lavxias, tsab ntawv "C" yeej ib txwm nyeem [C] thiab tsis tshua muaj ob npaug, piv txwv li: sib cav, qiv.

Russian los yog Russia

Yog vim li cas ob tug consonants, thaum nws yog contrary rau peb cov lus, thiab nrog zoo pronunciation, yuav tsis hnov?

THIAB. Dahl

Russia yog cov neeg Lavxias thiab lub npe ntawm Lub Hwj Chim (Lub Hwj Chim nws tus kheej yog cov neeg uas nws tus kheej tswj hwm lawv lub neej - Fais Fab Russia). Russia yog plural form = Russian people. Tom qab ntawd lawv pib hais RUSS, thiab hauv cov lus RUSIN - r [ou] sin (m), r [ou] ska (f).

Ib txhij nrog lub npe RUSIN, lo lus RUSAK tau siv.

1. Rusak - ib tug neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab pej xeem cwj pwm - ib tug zoo yooj yim Lavxias teb sab neeg. [Cov phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm D. N. Ushakov]

2. Ib tug Rusak feem ntau yog ib tug neeg Lavxias teb sab, Rusak yog ib tug neeg Lavxias. [Cov phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm V. I. Dahl]

3. Kuv tsis yog ib tug neeg German, tab sis ib tug natural hare! - A. V. Suvorov.

Rau kev sib piv:

Rusin - Tatar, Busurman, Nemchin, Jew, Latin, thiab lwm yam.

Rusak - Pole, Slovak.

Lub neologism Rusichi tsuas yog ib qho pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv "The Lay of Igor's Host."

Peb yog Russians, tsis yog Russians.

Rusak - Lavxias teb sab lus … Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai, thiab lwm yam.

Lavxias teb sab - RUSS (Great Russians, Me Me Russians, Belarusians)

Russians yog Eastern Slavs (Rus, Ukrainians, Belarusians) - nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug ntawm tus lej. Lub plural daim ntawv - rus, tom qab - rus; nyob rau hauv cov lus - Rusyn, Rusak.

Russia tsis yog tsuas yog lub npe ntawm cov neeg, tab sis kuj yog lub npe ntawm lub teb chaws uas cov neeg Lavxias teb sab nyob. Cov lus tshaj tawm ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm Rus muaj nyob rau hauv Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Bygone Xyoo - "Novgorod Rus" thiab "Rus' phiaj xwm rau Constantinople". Thaum lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 6390 (882), Tub Vaj Ntxwv Oleg tus Yaj Saub ntes Kiev thiab tshaj tawm nws lub peev ntawm Russia:

"Thiab Oleg, tus huab tais, zaum hauv Kiev, thiab Oleg hais tias: Cia tus no yog leej niam ntawm lub nroog Lavxias."

* Nyob rau hauv lub XV-XVI centuries, nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv (Greek kev ntseeg), lub npe "Russia" pib siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj-phau ntawv, thiab ces nyob rau hauv official ntaub ntawv. Raws li, es tsis txhob Great, Me thiab Dawb Russia, Great Russia (Great Russia), Me Me (Russia Me), Dawb Russia (Belarus) tshwm sim.

* Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm cov lus Greek, phau ntawv daim ntawv ntawm ross (adjective rossky) tshwm.

* Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, lo lus Rossi tau txais nws daim ntawv kawg - Russians, tab sis nws tsis yog hais txog tag nrho cov neeg nyob hauv lub teb chaws Ottoman, tab sis haiv neeg rau cov neeg Lavxias teb sab. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, Great Russians, Me me Lavxias teb sab, Belarusians - lawv yog ib tug neeg Lavxias teb sab.

* Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov neeg Lavxias tau hloov cov neeg txawv teb chaws "Lavxias teb sab" nrog lo lus "Lavxias teb sab", tsuas yog lawv tsis nco qab txog ob lub SS, uas V. I. Dal (saib Lavxias nrog ob "S" - tsis ncaj ncees lawm).

* Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, tom qab lub Great Jewish Revolution ntawm 1917, Russians pib qhia tsuas yog Great Russians. Thiab lawv "tsis nco qab" tias Lavxias yog ib qho lus, tsis yog lub npe. Rau lo lus nug "leej twg?" cov lus teb yog ib txwm muaj npe. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg yog lus Askiv thiab nws cov lus yog lus Askiv; Fab Kis - Fab Kis, Suav - Suav, thiab lwm yam. Thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov neeg Lavxias teb sab yog ib tug "tsim" ua, rau lo lus nug "leej twg?" cov lus teb yog Russian, thiab nws cov lus kuj yog Lavxias teb sab.