Malevich! Me tub aw

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

“… Hauv phau ntawv no…, Kuv rov hais dua, hauv phau ntawv no kuv tau muab txhua yam…, … txhua yam uas kuv tau paub txog tam sim no txog kev ruam thiab

txog kev ruam…, kuv rov hais dua, hais txog kev ruam thiab ruam…, koj ruam…Madam, Monsieur…thiab txawm Mademoiselle.

Thiab kuv thov kom sawv daws tsis txhob txhawj.

Vim nws lig dhau kev txhawj xeeb."

(Yuri Khanon, epigraph los ntawm phau ntawv "Leej twg Alphonse Tsis yog")

Malevich's Dub Square yog ib daim duab sensational, uas tseem raug txiav txim thiab txhais. Ib tug neeg tsis to taub tias yog dab tsi, vim li cas nws yog kev kos duab, ib tug neeg ua npuas ncauj tiv thaiv lawv txoj kev ntseeg. Lawv hais tias lub xwmfab dub yog qhov kawg ntawm txhua yam, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm kev kos duab yuav ua li cas, thiab Malevich tsuas yog piav qhia txog qhov kawg, hla cov theem nrab.

Malevich suav hais tias cov duab yog lub cim. Thiab lub cim tseem tuaj yeem muaj kev ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj thiab zoo. Ntxiv mus, lub icon yuav tsum muaj ib feem ntawm sab ntsuj plig.

Zoo, pib kawm lwm zaj dab neeg uas muaj nyob rau 100 xyoo, pawg neeg ua haujlwm-kev tshawb fawb tsim los ntawm tus sau hauv Web, suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm so haujlwm yav dhau los, ntau dua 100 lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb, coj los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov qauv ntawm tus artist nws tus kheej.

Txij li thaum lub icon tshwm sim, ces pom tseeb yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg, rau lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov icon no tau tsim.

Txij thaum pib ntawm zaj dab neeg, kuv maj nrawm ceeb toom rau tus nyeem ntawv tias Malevich tsis yog tus sau txoj haujlwm no. Qhov ntawd. tshaj li qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov neeg thuam kev kos duab, feem ntau plagiarism, yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, thiab kev kawm ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej coj mus rau cov lus nug raug cai: yog vim li cas kev dag dag ntxias?

Tau shoveled ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kos duab, peb tuaj mus rau qhov xaus hais tias ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm no canvas yog ib tug yooj yim txoj hauj lwm puas siab puas ntsws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas tus kws tshawb fawb muab saib ib tug tsaus nti daim duab kos rau ntawm daim ntawv dawb. Cov koom haum thiab kev pom zoo uas tshwm sim nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab txog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub hlwb kom muaj kev ntxhov siab ib txwm. Qhov kev coj ua no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev vam meej thaum xaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv davhlau thiab cov kws tshaj lij aviation feem ntau, thiab txhua tus tub rog yuav qhia koj txog pawg kws kho mob, qhov twg nws saib cov duab zoo li no. Txoj kev no yog qhov paub zoo heev thiab tau pib thaum xyoo pua 19th, hauv Kaiser lub nkoj, thaum thawj tus kws kho mob hauv German tau sim cov neeg tsav nkoj thiab cov tub ceev xwm rau kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub hlwb hauv qhov chaw kaw. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog kev nyob hauv ib chav, thiab hom chav tsev thiab nws qhov loj me yuav cuam tshuam qhov kev nkag siab ntawm chav kawm. Kuv twv kom paub tseeb tias tus nyeem ntawv tsis yog ib tus kws tshaj lij kos duab tau tshuaj xyuas Malevich hauv lub hnub ci li niaj zaus, uas, qhov tseeb, yog dab tsi tus kws kos duab npaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev ncig mus rau hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws txaus, lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov me me no yog qhia txog kev ua txhaum cai, lub npe uas yog plagiarism, kev ua txhaum cai thiab kev dag ntxias.

Raws li kuv tau hais ua ntej, Malevich tsuas yog nyiag lwm tus lub tswv yim thiab coj kom zoo dua ntawm lwm tus neeg.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, qhov no yog lub sij hawm ntawm tsim Zionism, uas yuav tsum tau "ntseeg" cov kws tshawb fawb, kws sau paj lug, kws sau ntawv, chess players thiab lwm cov neeg ua haujlwm puas hlwb. Yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm lub cev nyob rau hauv qib ntawm Zionists yog qhov nkag siab heev - lub tswv yim xav tau ib tus neeg-tus thawj coj, thiab tsis yog cov neeg ua haujlwm, txwv tsis pub yog vim li cas thiaj li hais lus dab neeg ntawm Vajtswv xaiv. Yog li ntawd lawv riveted geniuses thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, los ntawm tub sab Einstein mus rau Malevich. Hauv kuv lub tswv yim, tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm tus kws kos duab no. Tsis muaj peev xwm sib tw nrog Shishkin lossis Savrasov, cov pej xeem tsuas yog tsis pom lwm yam haujlwm, tshwj tsis yog rau cov squares nto moo ntawm cov xim sib txawv. Tag nrho cov so - cov duab hu ua nrov prints thiab ncaj ncees-haum cov neeg. Malevich tsis paub yuav ua li cas kos, los yog es nws qib qis dua qhov contrived ib. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog kuv lub tswv yim, thiab nws yog lub sijhawm rov qab mus rau qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub ncauj lus.

Yog li leej twg yog tus sau "Black Square"?

Alphonse Allay: yug Lub Kaum Hli 20, 1854, Honfleur (chaw haujlwm ntawm Calvados) - tuag Lub Kaum Hli 28, 1905, Paris) - tus neeg sau xov xwm Fab Kis, tus kws sau ntawv eccentric thiab dub humorist, paub txog nws tus nplaig ntse thiab tsaus ntuj tsis txaus ntseeg, ib lub hlis twg ntawm ib puas xyoo xav txog. nto moo shocking exhibitions ntawm Dadaists thiab surrealists 1910s thiab 1920s. Rau kev nkag siab ntau dua ntawm tus cwj pwm no, kuv yuav kos qhov sib piv nrog tam sim no nto moo magazine Charlie Ebdo. Nws yuav tsum to taub tias cov neeg sau xov xwm thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm no thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm zoo siab, tau txais nyiaj ntau los ntawm Zionists, tsis yog tus tsim tawm tshiab. Raws li lawv hais, lawv txoj kev tsim txiaj hauv ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai tau ntev tau txiav txim siab los ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj lug: "Ib tug tub sab nyiag ib lub club los ntawm ib tug tub sab."

Alphonse Allay tseem hu ua "kev zais cia" tus tsim thiab tus thawj coj ntawm lub tswv yim thiab minimalism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, painting thiab txawm suab paj nruag.

Nrog nws lub ntees tuag thiab eccentric ua si Magnum's Revenge (1893-1895), nws cia siab tias tsawg kawg nkaus hauv kev ua yeeb yam thiab ntawv tseeb los ntawm ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo pua.

Ntau tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm ib puas xyoo ua ntej lub npe nrov "Black Square" los ntawm Kazimir Malevich, xyoo 1882-1884, Alphonse Allais tau tsim nws "monochrome painting" (dawb, liab thiab ntsuab duab plaub - thiab tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm "yuav luag dub square" (Lub Kaum Hli 1882) tau lees paub thawj zaug rau nws tus phooj ywg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, kuj yog tus kws sau ntawv humorist Paul Billot.

Zoo, txoj kev tshawb no coj peb mus rau ib tug tshiab cim, tab sis tsis tas nrog cov qub, tus sau yuav tsis muaj peev xwm piav qhia rau cov neeg nyeem tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm nyob deb, cais los ntawm peb los ntawm tsuas yog 4-5 tiam. ntawm cov neeg.

Alphonse yog ib tug Freemason thiab txawm tau txais kev pab ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm Masonic cabaret hauv Paris.

Nws nyob ntawd, nyob rau hauv Vivienne Gallery, thaum lub sij hawm exhibitions ntawm Untethered Art, uas nws thawj zaug nthuav nws nto moo monochrome paintings. Thawj nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawm artistic discoveries los ntawm Alphonse Allais yog tag nrho cov dub thiab yuav luag square painting "Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub Negroes nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua nyob rau hauv lub Deep of Night" (1882), Ameslikas nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug gilded thav duab los ntawm nws ib ntus haus cov phooj ywg thiab cov npoj yaig., tus kws sau ntawv humorist, tus sau ntawm vaudeville, Paul Billot. Tsis nres ntawm qhov kev ua tiav, ib xyoos tom qab ntawd (ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia thib ob ntawm "Untethered Arts") Allais tau nthuav tawm ib daim ntawv dawb huv ntawm Bristol daim ntawv hu ua "thawj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntxhais chlorotic-daj nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no" (1883). Ib xyoos tom qab, lwm daim duab los ntawm Alphonse Allais tau pom tias yog ib hom "xim tawg". Cov toj roob hauv pes duab plaub "Txiv lws suav sau rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Liab los ntawm apoplectic cardinals" yog xim liab ib xim xim uas tsis muaj cov cim qhia me ntsis (1884). Raws li koj tau pom, ob qho tib si dub thiab liab square ntawm Malevich muaj nyob ntev ua ntej nws tau sau nyob rau hauv Russia.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog lub sijhawm los xav txog cov phooj ywg ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Alphonse.

Paul Billot, lub npe tiag tiag Charles, yug Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1854, Brewer-Allishan - Lub Ib Hlis 8, 1933, Avon) - Tus kws sau ntawv Fabkis txoj kev ua yeeb yam thiab tus kws sau ntawv.

Nws tau ua nws thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1879 nrog cov duab kos thiab cov nkauj (qee tus tau hu los ntawm Joseph Darcier). Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1881, nws ua yeeb yam thawj zaug nrog ib tug tag nrho kev ua si - comedy "Thawj Quarrel", staged nyob rau hauv lub Parisian ua yeeb yam Gimnaz. Billot's comedies (ib feem co-sau, suav nrog Michel Carré-tus tub thiab Maurice Annequin) tau ua rau ntau theem Parisian thaum tig ntawm 19th thiab 20th centuries. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1890s. nws nquag ua haujlwm librettist rau operetta (kev koom tes nrog Charles Lecoq ib yam nkaus).

Qhov nto moo tshaj plaws, txawm li cas los xij, coj Billot ib zaug ua yeeb yam hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg pleev kob. Xyoo 1882, ntawm kev caw ntawm nws tus phooj ywg Alphonse Allais, nws tau koom nrog hauv Salon of the Inconsistent, nthuav tawm cov duab "Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Negroes hauv Dungeon", uas yog lub duab plaub dub.

Tam sim no cia peb rov qab mus rau Malevich dua.

Dub Suprematist Square yog qhov nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Kazimir Malevich, tsim nyob rau hauv 1915, ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau tham txog thiab nto moo paintings nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kos duab.

"Black Square" yog ib feem ntawm lub voj voog ntawm Suprematist ua hauj lwm los ntawm Kazimir Malevich, nyob rau hauv uas tus kws kos duab tau tshawb pom qhov yooj yim muaj peev xwm ntawm cov xim thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg; yog, los ntawm kev tsim, ib feem ntawm triptych, uas kuj suav nrog "Dub Circle" thiab "Black Cross".

Tam sim no yog lub sijhawm los ceeb toom rau cov neeg nyeem txog cov kev sim rau aviators, qhov twg cov duab geometric dub no nyob. Yog hais tias lawv yog superimposed sequentially ib tug nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lwm yam, yog li ntawd, tus neeg saib qhov kev txiav txim yuav pom lawv tag nrho, nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho dub keeb kwm yav dhau. Qhov no yog lub cim xeeb, qhov pom kev zoo tib yam.

Zoo, tam sim no peb yuav qhia cov neeg nyeem dab tsi yog kos hauv daim duab no. Raws li kuv tau hais, lub tswv yim raug nyiag los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, thiab kev plagiarism raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm ob tug neeg Fab Kis. Cov no yog lawv ob daim duab "Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Negroes nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua nyob rau hauv lub Deep Night" los ntawm Alphonse Allais thiab "Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg dub nyob rau hauv lub qhov taub" los ntawm Paul Billot, ua tiav pleev xim rau ib sab ntawm lwm tus (thawj sau rau ntawm ib tug tus ntoo khaub lig dub, lub voj voog dub tau sau rau saum nws, tom qab ntawd daim duab thib ob, thiab thaum kawg lub square dub nws tus kheej) yog tag nrho cov tswv yim muaj tswv yim ntawm Malevich. Thiab muab hais tias ob qho tib si Fabkis tus neeg tso dag tsis tau pleev xim rau ib qho duab, tab sis tsuas yog pleev xim rau lawv cov canvases (txhua yam tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau hauv cov xim dub), Malevich tau sau ob lub phiaj xwm hauv nws tus kheej nyiam luam tawm style. Nws tseem yuav pleev xim rau thiab daim duab yog npaj txhij. Nws tsuas yog luam tawm cov duab plaub dawb, liab thiab ntsuab kos los ntawm Parisian cov neeg tso dag.

Peb cov neeg ua haujlwm tau koom nrog hauv kev tshawb nrhiav Malevich cov duab thiab yog li kuv tshaj tawm hauv cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas dab tsi tau muab zais hauv qab txheej xim dub. Raws li koj tau pom, cov neeg nyeem, tsis muaj cov dub, tab sis muaj ib lub cuab yeej puas siab puas ntsws uas kuv nyuam qhuav qhia rau koj.

Tau kawg, koj muaj cai saib xyuas txawm tias lub ci ntsa iab saum ntuj los ntawm koj lub dab teg, tab sis peb, tus kws saib xyuas keeb kwm ntawm txoj haujlwm no, sib cav tias Malevich tau tsim los ua lwm tus neeg txawj ntse ntawm Zionism thiab, txawm hais tias Polish keeb kwm, tsis yog. ib haiv neeg Pole. Kuv kuj yuav hais ib qho tseeb ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv Kiev thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo ntawm Soviet hwj chim, Malevich hu nws tus kheej ib tug Ukrainian nyob rau hauv daim ntawv nug ob peb zaug thiab txawm yaum kom nws tsev neeg los txais yuav ib lub teb chaws "zoo" nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd. Qhov tseeb yog tias nws yog tsoomfwv Soviet uas ua rau Ukrainians tawm ntawm Me Me Russians. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheeb ze ntawm cov neeg uas Malevich koom yog paub - koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug neeg Yudais Polish, tab sis kuj yog Ethiopian, German thiab txawm Brazilian. Cov neeg no tau npaj kom nws lees txais txhua haiv neeg, nyob ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev nom kev tswv cua. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no tuaj yeem yog Ukrainian Timoshenko, nrog "Baltic" keeb kwm thiab "Armenian" pope. Qhov tseeb, nws cov yawg koob yog cov neeg Yudais los ntawm ib lub nroog me hauv Ukraine. Tus sau, zoo li ntau tus neeg nyeem, pom tias nws nyuaj rau kev nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov opera diva ntawm Ukrainian politicum thiab cov laj thawj vim li cas nws thiaj nkaum nws haiv neeg. Tab sis xws li phenomena yog ubiquitous ntawm nws cov neeg thiab obviously nws muaj ib yam dab tsi mus nkaum.

Tau kawg, ib tug tuaj yeem nres ntawm qhov no, vim hais tias rau ib tus kws sau ntawv uas xav tias nws tus kheej yog Russophile, nws yog qhov txaus tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm Malevich's square yog ib qho kos duab uas tsis muaj keeb kwm Lavxias. Thaum kawg, kuv tau ntseeg qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kuv cov npoj yaig hauv lub khw thiab nws yuav muaj peev xwm muab cov khoom me me. Tab sis raws li cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kuv qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees, kuv yuav tshaj tawm ib daim ntawv me me ntxiv rau daim duab ntawm lub vijtsam, thiab kuv xav pom "Sab sawv ntxov hauv Pine Forest" lossis lwm daim ntaub, hais tias Italians, uas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Slavic kab lis kev cai. Nws yog qhov tseeb - hauv txhua txoj haujlwm nyob sab Europe koj tuaj yeem hnov echoes ntawm lub neej ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv: Etruscans, Qatar, Slavic pab pawg neeg ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Spain, thiab lwm yam.

Zoo, koj nyeem daim ntawv thiab xav seb nws puas tsim nyog hloov koj txoj kev xav rau perversions, txawm tias lees paub los ntawm tag nrho "civilized ntiaj teb." Nyeem thiab xav.

"Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Tretyakov Gallery tau luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tshiab, uas thaum kawg yuav tsum tau pom qhov tsis meej ntawm Kazimir Malevich's "Black Square".

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas tau tshaj tawm ntawm lub rooj sib tham txog kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb uas tau sib sau ua ke rau 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm "Black Square".

Raws li Ekaterina Voronina, ib tug neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Tretyakov Gallery, ob xim duab tau pom nyob rau hauv "Black Square", qhov xwm txheej uas tseem tsis tau tsim. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias ib qho ntawm cov duab yuav yog ib qho protosuprematic muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Los ntawm kev xoo hluav taws xob thiab lub tshuab tsom, nws tseem tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv sau zais tom qab "Black Square" - "Kev Sib Tw ntawm Negroes hauv Qhov Tsaus Ntuj." Cov kws tshawb fawb kos duab tsis tau rack lawv lub hlwb rau lub sijhawm ntev, tam sim ntawd txiav txim siab tias Malevich tau ua ib qho kev siv rau lwm daim duab los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws kos duab Alphonse Allais - "Kev Sib Tw ntawm Negroes hauv Qhov Tsaus Tsaus Ntuj Hauv Qhov Ncauj Hmo Ntuj". Los ntawm lub tshuab kuaj kab mob, tom qab siv X-rays, nws muaj peev xwm pom cov qauv ntawm daim duab ntawm txheej tom ntej tom qab "dub square" thiab ib nrab ntawm nws cov xim."

Eh, koj connoisseur ntawm cov quav siv. Tab sis thaum twg koj, tus nyeem ntawv, saib lub ntiaj teb nrog koj tus kheej ob lub qhov muag? Los yog koj puas yuav tos dua rau qhov kev piav qhia ntawm kev txhais lus tshiab ntawm daub li niaj zaus, rau kev sib tham txog kev sib tham ntawm daim duab hauv siab? Sawv los! Lub ntiaj teb no zoo nkauj tshaj qhov chaw dub ntawm dawb. Thiab tom qab ntawd lub cim no tsis yog txhua tus tsiaj ntawv Lavxias. Qhov no yog lub cim ntawm kev ntseeg nto moo hu ua Zionism (tsis yog yuav tsum tsis meej pem nrog niaj hnub thiab ancient Judaism (11th caug xyoo, yug hauv Khazaria)). Nws yog nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm qhov kev qhia no tias kev nkag siab tsis zoo tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kos duab, thiab qhov tseeb hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Saib dua ntawm daim duab nthuav tawm hauv lub npov txaws. Yog tias koj pom muaj lwm yam uas tsis yog kev cob qhia kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm qib qis, ces tus kab mob ntawm Zionism tau nyob hauv koj thiab tsoo qhov program. Download Doctor Web Kureit tam sim ntawd thiab pib ntxuav koj lub hlwb teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, tus da dej Lavxias kuj pab tau zoo li no. Los ntawm txoj kev, tus neeg pleev kob Shishkin yog nyob rau hauv lub nyob deb nroog tshuaj yej tsev, ib yam nkaus thiab. Tsuas yog tsis txhob mus overboard nrog cov sib xyaw ua ke, txhua yam zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib haum xeeb. Zoo, koj nkag siab kuv, kuv tus menyuam muaj kev txhaum….