Amazing qhov tseeb txog Vladimir Dahl

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Kev pabcuam hauv Nikolaev thiab Kronstadt fleets, heroic deed nyob rau hauv kev ua tsov ua rog nrog cov Poles, kawm nyob rau hauv lub kho mob kws qhia ntawv ntawm lub University of Dorpat, ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws phais neeg, kev phooj ywg nrog Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin thiab Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, lub puav pheej ntawm lub Vladimir Cross. los ntawm Nicholas kuv thiab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Geographical Society yog deb tsis yog tag nrho cov tseeb los ntawm tus kheej biography Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl.

Nyob rau hauv lub pseudonym ntawm Kazak Lugansky

Vladimir Dahl siv nws thaum yau nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Lugansk cog. Kev txuas mus rau nws haiv neeg thaj av tau tshwm sim hauv kev sau ntawv ntawm Vladimir Ivanovich. Nyob rau hauv lub pseudonym "Cossack Lugansky" Dahl sau thiab luam tawm thawj phau ntawv. Phau ntawv hu ua "Lavxias teb sab fairy tales los ntawm pej xeem qhov ncauj kev lig kev cai rau pej xeem kev paub, yoog mus rau lub neej txhua hnub, thiab adorned nrog taug kev hais lus, decorated los ntawm Cossack Vladimir Lugansky. Thawj tsib "pom lub ntiaj teb no xyoo 1832. Tom qab nws raug rho tawm ntawm kev muag khoom, cov ntawv sau ua haujlwm tau nthuav tawm los ntawm Dal rau Alexander Pushkin, uas tom kawg tau zoo siab heev.

Tab sis raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug, Cossack Lugansky thawj zaug tsim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub lig 1820s, thaum nws thawj paj huam tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub Slavyanin magazine. Nyob rau hauv 1830, zaj dab neeg "Gypsy" tau tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv nrov "Moscow Telegraph", uas qhia txog lub neej thiab lub neej ntawm Moldovan gypsies.

Kev rau txim thiab kev txhawb zog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua feat

Nyob rau hauv 1830-1831, cov tub rog imperial tau tawm tsam nrog Poles. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog no, Dahl, ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Medical Kws qhia ntawv ntawm University of Dorpat, muaj ib lub caij nyoog los kho ntau tus tub rog tom qab sib ntaus sib tua qhov txhab. Tab sis Vladimir Ivanovich ua nto moo tsis tsuas yog vim qhov no. Ntxiv nrog rau kev pab kho mob, nws, tus tub qhe mob siab rau nws lub tebchaws, hauv txhua txoj hauv kev tau pab cov tub rog Lavxias kom tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej nyuaj.

Dahl tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm infantry corps, uas cov Poles sim coj mus rau hauv ib lub cordon, nruj nreem nias tawm tsam cov ntug dej ntawm lub Vistula. Tsis muaj kev hla dej, yog li yog tias Vladimir Ivanovich tsis tau siv nws cov txuj ci engineering hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov tub rog tub rog yuav raug puas tsuaj mus rau qhov tuag.

Yog li ntawd, tus kws phais qhov muag tau destined mus rau ib ntus los ua tus thawj coj ntawm tag nrho cov corps, kom txog rau thaum lub ferry tau tsim los ntawm improvised txhais tau tias. Nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev coj noj coj ua, cov tub rog tau sau cov ntoo khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob.

Qhov zoo sib xws ntawm tus choj ntoo pub rau cov tub rog Lavxias rov qab mus rau sab nraud ntawm Vistula. Tom qab lawv, cov tub rog ntawm Polish tau mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam, tab sis lawv tsis muaj lub hom phiaj kom ua tiav lawv lub hom phiaj. Thaum cov tub rog Polish mus txog nruab nrab ntawm kev hla, cov qauv ntoo raug rhuav tshem.

Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tub rog muaj lub caij nyoog los ua tus Cawm Seej ntawm tag nrho cov corps thiab pab txhawb rau kev yeej ntawm tsarist pab tub rog hla cov tub rog Polish. Rau kev ua yeeb yam qhia, Tsar Nicholas kuv tau tsa Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl rau qhov khoom plig nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua Vladimir Cross. Cov thawj coj tub rog tau ua qhov txawv: rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov haujlwm ncaj qha, tus kws phais neeg ua haujlwm raug cem.

V. Dahl - Danish los ntawm keeb kwm, tab sis Lavxias teb sab ntsuj plig

Vladimir Dal, tus tub ntawm ib tug pej xeem Danish, tab sis ib haiv neeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, yog ib tug patriot ntawm nws homeland tag nrho nws lub neej. …

Muaj ib zaug, Dal txawm mus xyuas lub teb chaws keeb kwm ntawm nws cov poj koob yawm txwv. Nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm qhov nws yuav pom nyob rau hauv Denmark, Vladimir Ivanovich nce mus rau lub ntug dej ntawm lub teb chaws tsis paub rau nws. Tom qab ntawd, hauv nws cov ntawv sau cia, Dahl tau sau tias nws xav tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov cheeb tsam ntawd. Ib qho kev mus rau Denmark tsuas yog pab nws kom ntseeg nws tus kheej ntawm nws txoj kev koom nrog Russia.

Kev phooj ywg nrog Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Tsawg tus neeg paub tias ob tus neeg sau ntawv zoo li cas. Lawv paub nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev ntawm Alexander Sergeevich, uas nyob rau ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm Gorokhovaya thiab Bolshaya Morskaya txoj kev. Raws li Dahl nws tus kheej tom qab piav qhia, ua ntej ntsib, nws tau ntsib kev zoo siab thiab txaj muag. Tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, tsis kam lees cov kev pabcuam ntawm Zhukovsky, uas yuav tsum qhia lawv, Vladimir Ivanovich txiav txim siab los qhia nws tus kheej rau tus kws sau paj huam ntawm nws tus kheej.

Thaum thawj tus neeg paub, Dahl tau nthuav tawm rau Pushkin cov ntawv sau ntawm nws tus kheej ua haujlwm - sau cov dab neeg, uas nws tau txais khoom plig rov qab los - ua haujlwm tshiab los ntawm Pushkin "Hais txog cov pov thawj thiab nws cov neeg ua haujlwm Balda". Tom qab tau txais lub txiaj ntsim, Alexander Sergeevich tam sim ntawd pib nyeem ntawv rau lawv thiab qhuas tus sau cov style thiab wit. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov phooj ywg muaj zog "mus rau qhov ntxa" raug ntaus hauv qhov kev nkag siab: Dal nyob ib sab ntawm Pushkin mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.

Nws yog Pushkin uas tau thawb Dahl mus rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim cov phau ntawv txhais lus tag nrho ntawm cov lus hais, thawj tsab uas pom lub ntiaj teb no xyoo 1863.

Master hauv Medical Field

Tus kws kho mob zoo, Dahl feem ntau muab kev pab kho mob rau cov tub rog thaum lub sij hawm Polish phiaj los nqis tes ntawm 1830 thiab Russo-Turkish War. Tab sis lub xyoo tu siab tshaj plaws thiab tu siab tshaj plaws hauv nws txoj kev kho mob yog xyoo 1837, thaum nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm tus phooj ywg ze, Alexander Pushkin.

Tom qab qhov kawg duel ntawm Pushkin thiab Dantes, tus kws sau paj lug tau nyob rau hauv ib qho mob hnyav heev. Thaum kawm txog qhov no, Dal sai sai tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw uas twb muaj npe nrov ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm Gorokhovaya thiab Bolshaya Morskaya. Ua ke nrog Ivan Spassky, kws sau paj lug tus kws kho mob, Vladimir Ivanovich tau mus ua lag ua luam. Nws tsis yooj yim heev, vim Alexander Sergeevich raug mob thaum hnav lub tsho hnyav hnyav, uas tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tsis mob. Lwm zaj dab neeg nthuav yog txuas nrog qhov tseeb no.

Thaum Pushkin hnov los ntawm nws tus phooj ywg ib lo lus tsis paub, uas nws nyiam heev - "vypolznina". Raws li Dahl piav qhia, lo lus no yog hais txog tus nab daim tawv nqaij, uas tus nab los tom qab lub caij ntuj no. Tus kws sau paj lug nco txog lo lus no thiab siv nws ntau zaus. Ib zaug, tau tuaj rau Dal hauv lub tsho tiv no tshiab, Pushkin khav hais tias: "Kuv yuav tsis nkag mus sai sai ntawm qhov kev nkag mus no." Nws yog lub tsho tiv no uas Alexander Sergeevich hnav nyob rau hnub ntawm kev tuag duel. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm, Dahl yuav tsum tau txiav cov kws sau paj huam nyiam cov khaub ncaws.

Tom qab ua haujlwm, nws tau pom tseeb tias tsis muaj lus nug txog kev rov qab los. Paub txog qhov no, Alexander Sergeevich tau tshem nws lub nplhaib uas nws hlub thiab muab rau Dal, hais tias nws tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv. Lub nplhaib no tau dhau los ua khoom plig tuag, uas Vladimir Ivanovich tsis coj mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.

Lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm tus kws sau paj lug lub cev kuj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm Vladimir Dal, ua ke nrog Ivan Spassky.

Thawj zaj dab neeg nyob rau hauv Russia

Qhov zoo-paub sau ntawm fairy tales tau los ua thawj phau ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia tau sau nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej sau txoj haujlwm no, Dahl tau sau ntau yam lus thiab cov lus uas tsis paub rau nws ua hom lus ntev ntev thoob plaws tebchaws Russia. Tus sau tau mob siab rau nthuav qhia hauv nws txoj haujlwm ntawm txhua pawg lus, qhia txog kev sib txawv thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm cov lus nyob hauv Lavxias. Nws ua tiav, "Fairy Tales" tau txais koob meej hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog txoj haujlwm no uas tau tshoov siab rau Alexander Pushkin los tsim txhua tus neeg nyiam zaj dab neeg txog tus neeg nuv ntses thiab ntses.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev tom qab kev tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv no, censorship thuam nws rau nws txoj kev tawm tsam tsoomfwv, thiab cov ntawv luam tawm tau raug tshem tawm. Vladimir Ivanovich tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm kev tsim txom nom tswv thiab raug ntes tsuas yog los ntawm nws cov kev pabcuam qub rau nws lub tebchaws.

Cov lus piav qhia nto moo

Tom qab 53 xyoo ntawm ethnographic thiab lexicographic ua hauj lwm, Dal luam tawm lub crown ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv ua hauj lwm - "Explanatory Dictionary ntawm lub nyob Great Lavxias teb sab lus."Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm loj, uas nyob rau xyoo 1861 Lavxias teb sab Geographical Society tau muab khoom plig rau tus sau Constantine Medal.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov phau ntawv txhais lus hnub rov qab mus rau lub Peb Hlis 1819, thaum Dahl sau cia rau hauv phau ntawv sau thawj lo lus tsis paub rau nws los ntawm tus tsav tsheb ntawm lub xeev Novgorod, thiab qhov tseeb no kuj muaj nws keeb kwm. Cov lus kawg tau nkag mus rau hauv phau ntawv txhais lus tsis ntev ua ntej kev tuag ntawm Vladimir Ivanovich. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, phau ntawv txhais lus muaj 200 txhiab lo lus uas qhia lub tsev teev ntuj, phau ntawv, vernacular, dialectal thiab cov lus tshaj lij.

Rau qhov kev piav qhia meej dua ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus, Dahl tau muab piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov lus no - nws xaiv cov lus pov thawj, riddles, pej xeem omens thiab aphorisms, uas cov phau ntawv txhais lus muaj ntau tshaj 30 txhiab. Raws li tus sau nws tus kheej tau piav qhia, nws yooj yim tsis yooj yim sua kom nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus hais hauv qee thaj tsam, yog tias koj tsis muab piv txwv ntawm lawv siv hauv kev hais lus.

Nyob rau hauv 1868, Vladimir Ivanovich Dal tau raug xaiv los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy of Sciences.

Rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov lus tseeb txawv txawv txog Dahl, ib tus tuaj yeem ntxiv tias nws raug tso tawm los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov qauv ntawm Novgorod nrog cov lus latent UNBEELABLE HONEST DAL !!!!

Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ANTI-CORRUPTION HUMAN BEHAVIOR nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tswj hwm !!!! Ua siab ncaj!!!

Peb kuj ntxiv tias nws yog Dahl (unbearably ncaj ncees !!!!!) - tus sau ntawm "Notes on ritual murders". Yog vim li ntawd ib lub monument nyob rau hauv lub peev tej zaum yuav tsis raug tsa rau nws … Lawv yuav tsis zam txim rau nws …

Los ntawm txoj kev, nws kuj tau raug xaiv los rau Academy ntawm Sciences nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm NATURAL SCIENCES, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv linguistics (tsis yog rau cov DICTIONARY) …