Kev ntxeev siab ntawm pawg ntseeg xyoo 1917

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Archpriest Vsevolod Chaplin, tus thawj coj ntawm Synodal Department rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj thiab Society, hais tias cov ntseeg yuav tsum tsis txhob nres ntawm ib yam dab tsi los tiv thaiv tej yam dawb ceev rau lawv tus kheej, nrog rau kev tua neeg.

Muaj ib tug me me nuance ntawm no. Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub xyoo (los ntawm 1926 txog 1929), cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws hauv Russia tau tshwm sim hauv Mexico. Tsoom fwv socialist uas los ua hwj chim txwv tsis pub cov kev pab cuam los saum ntuj los, kaw cov tsev teev ntuj thiab pib tshem tawm cov pov thawj me ntsis, tawm tsam kev ua yeeb yam rau cov neeg siv txoj kev Soviet. Tib lub sijhawm, kuv yuav sau tseg. Qhov tshwm sim? Cristeros txav thaum qw "Tsaug, zoo Catholics!" Kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg ua liaj ua teb pib sib sau ua ke hauv cov tub rog loj, coj los ntawm cov pov thawj, nrog ntoo khaub lig, nrog kev thov Vajtswv, nrog kua muag ntawm kev ntseeg siab. Lawv quaj, tab sis lawv mus rau tsoom fwv phom. "Cia peb tuag, tab sis peb yuav tsis muab Tswv Yexus ua kev txhaum!" Ib puas txhiab tus neeg raug tua, ib puas txhiab, socialists raug hlawv ciaj sia rau kev thov Vajtswv, nyob rau hauv droves. Yog li ntawd, cov socialists tau thim rov qab los ntawm pawg ntseeg, paub tias nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob kov cov neeg Mev Catholic, tias Vajtswv tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg Mev.

Nyob rau hauv Russia … nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo … cov neeg Lavxias teb sab Orthodox … muab pov thawj rau cov neeg Yudais kev ruaj ntseg tub ceev xwm nrog nkauj thiab seev cev. Nrog luag. Cov tuam tsev feem ntau raug rhuav tshem txawm tias ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev thov nyiaj txiag. Cov pab yaj uas muaj kev ris txiaj tau tsav cov ntsia hlau rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pov thawj zoo, tsis muaj ib tus neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg. Lub gloom yog txaus ntshai. Raws li Rozanov hais kom raug, "Vajtswv Russia ploj mus nyob rau hauv peb hnub," tsis muaj christeros txawm nyob ze. Vim hais tias los ntawm 1917, Orthodoxy yog nyob rau hauv ib tug txaus ntshai ideological teeb meem thiab tsis muaj leej twg xav tau lub fuck, nrog rau cov feem ntau yooj yim thiab ingenuous neeg. Yog lawm, thiab kuj tau ua haujlwm ua ib ceg ntawm cov tog sab laug, koom nrog kev ua haujlwm tawm tsam tawm tsam Tsar. Leej twg yog, raws li nws yog, tus xaiv ntawm Vajtswv, rau ib feeb. Orthodoxy tsis muaj kev ntseeg, tsis muaj tswv yim, tsis muaj lub siab lub ntsws los ntawm 1917; txhua tus neeg yeej ntxub nws. Thiab qhov no yog tom qab peb xyoos ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, feem ntau ua rau kev xav ntawm Vajtswv. Thiab xyoo 1917, nrog rau tag nrho nws cov kev tsim txom, kev tsim txom thiab txhua yam, qhov tseeb, ORTHODOXY SPAS, tau tso cai tsis teb cov lus nug ntev dhau los NTAWM TAG NRHO, "Cov txiv neej, koj yog leej twg thiab koj xav tau dab tsi heck?" Dab tsi cov txiv plig tau sau tam sim tom qab Lub Ob Hlis thiab kev kho dua tshiab ntawm Patriarchate yog qhov siab ntawm kev txaj muag uas txawm tias kev tsim txom tom ntej los ntawm Bolsheviks tsis ntxuav nws tam sim ntawd.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntawm qhov pib ntawm Tus Kws Lij Choj, lub rooj zaum muaj koob muaj npe raug tshem tawm ntawm chav sib tham ntawm Synod, uas nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm cov hierarchs yog "lub cim ntawm Caesaropapism nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Church."

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Synod, Metropolitan Vladimir, tau pab tus thawj kws lij choj coj nws tawm. Nws tau txiav txim siab hloov lub rooj zaum mus rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Hnub tom qab, Synod tau hais kom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov pawg ntseeg ntawm Petrograd diocese lub tsev kav ntau xyoo "txij li no mus yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj tawm" … Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov pawg ntseeg ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman, kev thov Vajtswv tau ua nrog kev tshaj tawm ntawm ntau tus. xyoo "rau Vajtswv-tiv thaiv Lavxias teb sab xeev thiab nws txoj kev ncaj ncees rau tsoom fwv."

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 9, Synod tau hais lus "Rau cov menyuam ncaj ncees ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox Lavxias teb sab rau cov xwm txheej tam sim no." Cov lus pib zoo li no: “Vajtswv lub siab nyiam tau ua tiav lawm. Russia tau pib rau txoj kev ntawm lub xeev tshiab lub neej. Thov kom Vajtswv foom koob hmoov rau peb lub teb chaws zoo nrog kev zoo siab thiab muaj koob meej nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev tshiab." Yog li, qhov tseeb, Synod tau lees paub lub coup d'état raws li kev cai lij choj thiab tau tshaj tawm tias pib lub neej tshiab hauv tebchaws Russia, thiab tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej hloov pauv raws li qhov ua tiav "Vajtswv lub siab nyiam."(Nws yog qhov nthuav kom nco ntsoov hauv qhov no: Boris Titlinov, tus xibfwb ntawm Petrograd Theological Academy, ntseeg tias cov lus no "foom koob hmoov rau tebchaws Russia," thiab General Anton Denikin ntseeg tias los ntawm kev ua li ntawd Synod "raug txiav txim rau kev tawm tsam uas tau tshwm sim.."

Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov hloov pauv ntawm lub xeev lub hwj chim, lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tau ntsib nrog kev xav tau los xav txog qhov xwm txheej no hauv cov ntawv liturgical. Hais txog qhov no, lub Koom Txoos tau ntsib cov lus nug: yuav ua li cas thiab lub xeev txoj cai twg yuav tsum nco ntsoov hauv kev thov Vajtswv.

Thawj zaug, Synod tau txiav txim siab txog qhov teeb meem no thaum Lub Peb Hlis 7, 1917. Los ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim siab, Synodal Commission rau Kev Kho Cov Ntawv Liturgical, tus thawj coj los ntawm Archbishop Sergius ntawm Finland, tau qhia kom hloov pauv hauv liturgical rites thiab kev thov Vajtswv hauv kev txuas nrog lub hloov hauv tsoom fwv. Tab sis, tsis tau tos txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm pawg thawj coj no, Synod tau tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj, raws li tag nrho cov txiv plig Lavxias tau qhia "nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub ntawm kev pabcuam, tsis txhob ua kev nco txog lub tsev kav, thov Vajtswv" rau Vajtswv tiv thaiv Lavxias. lub hwj chim thiab nws txoj kev ncaj ncees ib ntus tsoom fwv."

Ntawd yog, qhov tsis tsim nyog thib tsib ntawm cov neeg Lavxias hauv lub sijhawm tseem ceeb kuj tau coj zoo li ib pawg ntawm inveterate, qaug dej qaug cawv, ntxeev siab rau Vajtswv cov xaiv tseg. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias txhua tus tau nkag siab txhua yam txog ROC, thiab hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Loj loj lawv nyiam tsis nco qab txog cov pov thawj. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias, tau dhau los ua cov neeg ntxeev siab uas tsis tsim nyog, cov pov thawj coj Bolshevik kev tsim txom nrog yuav luag zoo siab. Kev tsim txom tshem tawm tag nrho cov lus nug. Peb tau txais kev cawmdim Orthodoxy los ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees uas nws plunged nws tus kheej. Nws tseem nyob ntawm cov kev tsim txom no, poking Soviet martyrs nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm txhua tus neeg uas sim mus nrhiav seb tag nrho cov no bearded neeg nyob rau hauv golden poj niam dresses ua nyob rau hauv no. "Koj yog Bolshevik! Cov neeg zoo li koj tua peb! Thiab tag nrho cov neeg saib nws nyob rau hauv silence! Um … yog … OK, tsis txhob xav, cia peb mus."

Yog hais tias koj xav mus saib ntawm lub teb chaws Christian tsis kam - saib christeros. Lawv sawv kev tuag rau Tswv Yexus. Tuag. Koj puas xav tau ib zaj dab neeg lom zem, tab sis cov lus qhia ntawm cov neeg xav txog uas thawj zaug xav txog ntawm Tsar (cov menyuam yaus pib tsa cov lus nug twb los ntawm 1905, Nyob zoo Abram, thaum kawg kuv nrhiav tau lub sijhawm thiab qhov chaw los thov kev kho dua tshiab ntawm yawg suab. Tsis yog, kuv tsis tau hnov”), thiab tom qab ntawd koj tus kheej lub neej - saib keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj. Chaplin tuaj yeem kwv yees txhua yam, tab sis los ntawm 20s ROC hauv Russia tau ntxub los ntawm txhua tus, thiab tsuas yog Bolshevik arts sib xyaw qhov kev ntxub ntxaug no.

Tab sis peb tsis yog Bolsheviks. Peb yog neeg Lavxias thiab peb, Mr. Chaplin, nco ntsoov tias koj pawg ntseeg coj li cas rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb rau lub tebchaws. Thiab peb yuav tsis hnov qab qhov no, thiab peb yuav tsis zam txim rau qhov no.

Egor Prosvirnin: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?