Ntau txaus ntshai tshaj li mercury thiab cyanide: Yuav ua li cas peb raug lom nrog xibtes roj

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

"SP" pom tias cov tshuaj lom neeg tuag tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm.

Cov teb chaws Europe tau tso tseg ntev lawm cov roj txiv roj thiab margarine tsis zoo - cov kws tshawb fawb twb tau ua pov thawj tias qhov no yog tshuaj lom neeg tuag taus. Thiab nyob rau hauv Russia, cov koom haum noj zaub mov txuas ntxiv tsim txom tag nrho cov pej xeem nrog kev tsis txaus siab, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob tuag taus. Thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas.

Anemia, infertility, mob cancer …

Niaj hnub no txhua leej txhua tus paub tias txiv maj phaub roj yog tshuaj lom. Thiab txhua tus paub tias nws muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj cov zaub mov kib, txawm tias nyob hauv cov roj sunflower. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus yuav piav qhia tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj tsim teeb meem.

Thiab txawm tias cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov no tau ntev. Tsuas yog qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshaj plaws uas tau ua los ntawm European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) thiab Pawg Kws Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij rau Khoom Noj Khoom Noj (JECFA) thaum kawg tau teb cov lus nug ntawm vim li cas cov roj xibtes muaj teeb meem.

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom noj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (siab tshaj 200 degrees) thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, thaum lub sij hawm refining thiab kib ntawm zaub roj thiab rog, cov teeb meem tshuaj raug tsim. Cov no yog glycidyl ethers, nrog rau 2-MCPD thiab 3-MCPD. Niaj hnub no cov lus no yuav tsis hais dab tsi rau tus neeg yuav khoom zoo tib yam - thiab tag kis, kom paub tseeb tias txhua tus neeg yuav paub cov npe no.

Lub caij no, cov tshuaj no tau pom rov qab rau xyoo pua xya ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, tab sis tsis ntev los no tau pib kawm paub meej txog lawv cov kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev. Thiab niaj hnub no nws tau raug pov thawj tias cov tebchaw no muaj tshuaj lom heev.

3-MCPD thiab nws cov derivatives (esters) yog cov tshuaj lom uas muaj zog tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob genitourinary: nws ua rau lub raum pathologies, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub genitourinary system. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav tsis txaus (anemia), nws yog tshuaj lom rau lub paj hlwb thiab rau tus menyuam hauv plab hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.

Glycidyl ethers yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj - lawv kis tau cov khoom siv ntawm tes. Qhov ntawd yog, lawv qhov kev phom sij tseem ceeb yog qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces tuaj yeem dhau mus rau cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv … uas tseem tsis tau noj cov tshuaj no. Qhov tseeb, ib tug me nyuam yug los twb "pom" nrog xibtes roj.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb nyob sab Europe tau pom tias glycidyl ethers cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb, thiab tseem ua rau txiv neej infertility thiab tsim cov qog nqaij hlav loj heev.

Txawm lub khob cij thiab kas fes yog qhov txaus ntshai

Cov zaub mov twg muaj glycidyl ethers thiab 3-MCPD? Nws hloov tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam, los ntawm fries, kib donuts, smoked nqaij mus rau seemingly "tsis mob" xws li kas fes, qhob cij, ci thiab noodles.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj phem, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb nyob sab Europe, yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj txom ncauj (tshwj xeeb, hauv salted crackers).

Glycidyl ethers thiab 3-MCPD yog tsim thaum kho cua sov ntawm tag nrho cov roj zaub yam tsis muaj kev zam. Tab sis - nyob rau hauv sib txawv concentrations.

Cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm lub koom haum International Life Sciences tau faib tag nrho cov roj zaub thiab cov rog ua kom zoo raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo rau hauv peb pawg.

Qhov thib ib yog tsawg hauv 3-MCPD: paj noob hlis, rapeseed, taum pauv thiab txiv maj phaub roj (lawv siv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog tsis muaj teeb meem).

Qhov thib ob yog nrog cov ntsiab lus nruab nrab ntawm 3-MCPD: txiv ntseej, txiv laum huab xeeb, pob kws, safflower, paj rwb thiab nplej roj.

Cov pab pawg thib peb yog siab nyob rau hauv 3-MCPD: tag nrho cov roj hydrogenated (xws li margarine), xibtes roj, tawv kib roj. Tag nrho cov no hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab yog cov tshuaj lom!

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), uas yog los ntawm European Commission (EU tsoom fwv), tau ua ib tug loj, ntau xyoo txoj kev tshawb fawb kom paub seb yuav ua li cas cov roj refined muaj teeb meem. Thiab nws tau muab tawm tias qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj xws li 3-MCPD yog 0.8 mg / kg ntawm tib neeg lub cev hnyav ib hnub. Yog hais tias nws yog ntau, qhov txaus ntshai tshwm sim pib, uas peb tau hais los saum toj no.

Tab sis rau glycidyl ethers tsis muaj qhov "tsis muaj mob" yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Ntawd yog, cov khoom no yog qhov txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv txhua qhov concentration - zoo li mercury lossis cyanide. Hauv txoj cai, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob hauv cov zaub mov.

Tshuaj lom rau cov me nyuam

Thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) thiab Pawg Kws Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij rau Khoom Noj Khoom Noj (JECFA) tau tshaj tawm, nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig foob pob hauv European Union.

Hauv cov khw muag khoom hauv ntau lub tebchaws, kev rov qab los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus loj tau pib, uas tau dhau los ua qhov txaus ntshai.

Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2016, hauv tebchaws Ltalis, ntau lub khw muag khoom (xws li lub teb chaws COOP loj tshaj plaws) tau thim tawm los ntawm kev muag khoom ntawm ntau tshaj ob puas khoom noj, suav nrog Nutella pasta. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias qhov delicacy no muaj cov ntsiab lus siab heev ntawm xibtes roj.

Twb tau xyoo no hauv Austria, Novalac tus me nyuam cov zaub mov (tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis) raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub khw, vim nws tau pom tias muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm 3-MCPD thiab glycidyl ethers - muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai derivatives ntawm xibtes roj.

Qhov tseeb, tag nrho kev lag luam zaub mov hauv European Union tau raug mob hnyav. Ua tsaug rau cov kws tshawb fawb, nws tau pom tias ntau xyoo lawm, ntau lab tus tib neeg tsuas yog "yuam" nrog tshuaj lom tiag tiag.

Tom qab qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim, cov tswv cuab ntawm European Federation of Fat, Roj thiab Protein Industry (FEDIOL) raug yuam kom zaum ntawm lub rooj sib tham nrog cov tub ceev xwm European thiab pom zoo rau kev sib koom ua haujlwm kom txo qis 3-MCPD hauv cov roj.

Cov kws ua lag luam tsis kam lees pom zoo txo cov glycidyl esters hauv tag nrho lawv cov roj rau 1 ppm (1 mg / kg khoom). Thiab los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm 2018, qhov kev txwv hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm glycidyl ethers thiab 3-MCPD hauv cov khoom noj, thiab feem ntau hauv cov khoom noj me nyuam mos, yuav raug cai thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe.

Lawm, cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tau hloov tag nrho lawv cov thev naus laus zis uas tau tsim ntau xyoo lawm. Tab sis kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov pej xeem muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li cov txiaj ntsig tam sim ntawm cov koom haum zaub mov.

Thaum soy sauce yog tshuaj lom thiab

Hmoov tsis zoo, yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi paub hauv Russia txog kev tawm tsam ntev los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab European Commission tawm tsam kev lag luam (thiab txawm li cas los xij xaus rau hauv yeej!).

Lub khw muag khoom txee tseem muaj tag nrho ntawm txhua hom crackers thiab ncuav qab zib, khov burgers thiab fries, qhuav cream thiab pob kws … yog ib puas feem pua tshuaj lom!

- Yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws lawv stubbornly tsis pom qhov teeb meem ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm 3-MCPD nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab khoom noj khoom haus, kuv tsis to taub! Kuv muaj ob peb daim ntawv theej ntawm cov lus teb ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Lavxias uas pom zoo tias qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb thiab nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kawm, sib tham, tab sis lawv tsis ua dab tsi ntxiv dua li cov lus.

Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog 3-MCPD hauv cov khoom noj me nyuam mos. Txhua tus paub tias muaj ntau, tab sis lawv tsis ua dab tsi! Qhov teeb meem tsis raug daws, nws yog hushed, bureaucratic. Kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov pej xeem tsis zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas. Peb cov chaw kho mob qog noj ntshav tau ntim, mob qog noj ntshav tau qis dua. Thiab 3-MCPD txuas ntxiv mus sau cov khoom siv ntshav, ua kom peb cov kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb cov xeeb ntxwv.

"SP": - Cov tshuaj phem no tuaj qhov twg hauv cov zaub mov? Puas yog nws tsuas yog cov tuam txhab ua phem siv pheej yig thiab yog li txaus ntshai technologies?

- 3-MCPD yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua chloropropanol. Thiab thawj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv cov kev tsim yog cov rog thaum lawv muaj cov tshuaj chlorine los yog thaum siv hydrochloric acid ua ke nrog cua sov thaum lawv tsim khoom.

Ib qho piv txwv classic yog qhov siab ntawm 3-MCPD hauv cov roj xibtes uas tsis zoo siv, raws li koj tau taw qhia, los ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj tsis zoo.

Qhov thib ob yog cov hnab lim pov tseg rau tshuaj yej, kas fes, tshuaj ntsuab, ntawv lim.3-MCPD yog tsim los ntawm cov nplaum nplaum siv hauv kev tsim cov ntawv insoluble.

Qhov thib peb qhov chaw yog instant sauces. Koj npub pheej yig, kua ntses rau ntawm mov thiab xav tias koj tab tom noj zaub mov noj qab haus huv, tsis paub tias muaj qhov ua rau tuag taus ntawm 3-MCPD ntawm koj lub phaj.

Thiab nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug ntses los ntawm boiling soy extract nyob rau hauv hydrochloric acid (qhov no yog ib tug technology uas yog siv rau kev lag luam ceev ceev ntawm soy sauce kom ceev kev puas tsuaj ntawm soy proteins).

Qhov thib plaub ntawm 3-MCPD yog ntau yam khoom ntim polymer. Cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws yog cov protein casings ntawm hnyuv ntxwm, uas yog suav tias yog qhov nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, peb tsis nco qab hais tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb yog tias lawv tau ua los ntawm kev siv tshuab kim. Thiab muaj ntau ntau ntawm 3-MCPD hauv cov pob pheej yig.

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