Digital degradation: Gen Z ua haujlwm ua tus mlom smartphone

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Tsim los ua haujlwm rau txiv neej, lub xov tooj smartphone hloov mus ua tus mlom uas peb lub neej thiab txoj hmoo nyob ntawm Thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tsis tshua muaj no yuav zoo li lom zem rau ntau tus - cov menyuam yaus pib nias ntawm lub xov tooj nrog lawv tus ntiv tes, sim hu rau tus lej.

Tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi funny txog qhov no, ib tiam neeg tshiab tau yug los thiab nyob nrog smartphones, thiab nws yog lawv uas tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv zej zog. Cov kws tshaj lij hu qhov leap hauv kev txhim kho kev hloov pauv, hauv nws cov txiaj ntsig piv rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sau ntawv. Los ntawm lub prism ntawm lub xov tooj smartphone, peb pom lub ntiaj teb no txawv, txwv tsis pub peb tsim, peb sib txuas lus. Kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev mloog, kev xav clip, kev txiav txim siab impulsive, lub cev tsis ua haujlwm, shopaholism, kev cais tus kheej yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no.

Tab sis tib lub thev naus laus zis no tso cai rau peb los ntawm kev niaj hnub, muab ntau lub sijhawm, nthuav peb lub qab ntug, thiab pab peb hauv peb txoj kev kawm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Tib neeg tau nce mus rau theem tshiab ntawm kev hloov pauv, tab sis tsis yog nws ua qhev rau nws cov khoom ua si tshiab? Hais txog yuav ua li cas gadgets tau cuam tshuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus cwj pwm thiab lub neej, "Profile" tham nrog cov kws txawj - psychologists thiab cov kws qhia ntawv. Cov ntawv no, los ntawm txoj kev, zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm tshaj tawm, tam sim no hu ua kev nyeem ntev. "Ntau tsab ntawv," ib tug ntawm cov nyeem yuav hais. Thiab yog li lees paub ib qho ntawm cov postulates: cov txiv neej niaj hnub tau pib nyeem tsawg. Puas yog tiag?

Pawg neeg hluas, tsis paub

Txhua lub thev naus laus zis hloov pauv ib txwm dhau los ua ib hom kev mob siab rau cov tiam tshiab, sau tseg cov kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws, menyuam yaus neuropsychologist Mikhail Vladimirsky. Nws hais tias "Cov tub hluas ntawm xyoo 1920s tau mob siab rau kev siv xov tooj cua, sib sau cov khoom ntes thiab ntes cov xov tooj cua nyob deb," nws hais. - Nyob rau hauv lub 80s, Lavxias teb sab cov me nyuam tau sau cov kev pab cuam rau lub Electronica lub laij lej, thiab Western sawv daws yuav yooj yim Sinclair thiab Atari computers. Tab sis tam sim no tib neeg hloov pauv sai dua li qhov qub, thiab lub xov tooj smartphone tau dhau los ua lub zog tsav tom qab cov kev hloov pauv no. Cov thev naus laus zis digital tau hloov pauv tag nrho lub zej zog, thiab cov menyuam yaus, uas yog qhov hloov tau yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab hloov pauv ntawm nws, tab tom hloov sai thiab muaj zog dua.

Cov menyuam yaus niaj hnub no, lub npe hu ua tiam Z (yug tom qab xyoo 1995), tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyuaj Siab thiab Psychoanalysis Vera Lisitsina, thiab tus thawj coj ntawm lub chaw kho mob puas siab ntsws ntawm lub koom haum Narina Tevosyan hu ua "ib pawg neeg tsis paub". Yav dhau los, kev hloov pauv ntawm tiam neeg yog mos thiab yuav luag tsis pom, cov kws tshaj lij hais. Tab sis Z-cov menyuam yaus txawv txawv ntawm Y-cov menyuam yaus (yug tom qab xyoo 1981). Cov niaj hnub ua ntej siv lub gadget hauv lawv txhais tes thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd - cwj mem rau kev sau ntawv, rau lawv cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub tsis yog qhov tseeb tshiab, tab sis lub neej niaj hnub.

Kev lom zem thiab kev kawm ua si, tas luav, dab neeg, kev kawm lus txawv teb chaws rau cov menyuam yaus - dab tsi ntau daim ntawv thov smartphone tsis muaj rau cov neeg siv me me! Tab sis kev txaus siab heev rau lawv tuaj yeem tsim lub tswv yim tsis ncaj ncees ntawm kev muaj tiag hauv menyuam yaus, tus kws kho mob hlwb Tatyana Poritskaya ceeb toom. "Tus txiv neej me kawm lub ntiaj teb nrog nws txhais tes, nws muaj kev xav pom kev," nws hais. - Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas nws muaj cib fim kov, ua si nrog cov khoom ua si tiag, kawm cov khoom tiag. Nws pab tsim tactile rhiab heev, muab lub tswv yim tseeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, yuav ua li cas los ntawm nws. " Thaum tus me nyuam soj ntsuam cov duab ob sab ntawm lub vijtsam ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj lossis smartphone, nws qhov pom kev ua haujlwm thiab txhim kho kom tsawg dua li thaum nws lub qhov muag tshuaj xyuas cov khoom peb sab hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag, lees paub Anastasia Vorobieva, tus kws tshawb fawb laus ntawm Lub koom haum ntawm Psychology ntawm Russia Academy ntawm Sciences.

Cov menyuam yaus "sib tham" nrog ib leeg, thaum lawv feem ntau tsis pom lossis hnov lawv cov neeg sib tham. Qhov no cuam tshuam rau lawv cov txuj ci ntawm "kev paub txog kev sib txuas lus tsis hais lus," tus kws tshaj lij hais. Cov no yog lub ntsej muag qhia, gestures, intonation. Yog li ntawd, cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev sib nkag siab, tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm tus. Nws kuj tseem ceeb npaum li cas lub xov tooj smartphone cuam tshuam rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm niam txiv thiab menyuam, sau tseg Mikhail Vladimirsky. "Ib tug me nyuam siv sij hawm nrog tus kheej gadget ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam tsev neeg muaj nuj nqis," nws piav qhia. - Thiab yog hais tias niam, txiv, cov kwv tij thiab cov muam nyob rau hauv lawv lub xov tooj ntawm tes, peb tau txais kev nyob ib leeg, nyob ib leeg nyob rau hauv tsev neeg, kev tsim ntawm ib txwm attachments nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam yog cuam tshuam. Ib tug neeg loj hlob tuaj kho siab dua."

Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm kev siv lub sijhawm ntev, siv ntau dhau ntawm gadgets, teev los ntawm Vera Lisitsina thiab Narina Tevosyan, muaj ntau yam uas nws tsis xis nyob. Yog li, hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov pom kev thiab lub cev tsis zoo, tus txha nraub qaum yuav khoov. Monotonous ntiv tes txav ntawm qhov screen ua rau lub dab teg pathology (sprains thiab tendon teeb meem). Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub hlwb cov cim qhia thiab kev txav ntawm tes tsis suav nrog. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau teev ntawm "ua" hauv lub xov tooj smartphone txwv kev ua lub cev, thiab yog li rog dhau thiab rog.

Deficiency ntawm kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv inhibits tsim ntawm tshiab neural kev twb kev txuas, txo cov theem ntawm concentration, nco, kev puas hlwb kev ua si. Kev mob siab rau kev ua si hauv computer ntau dhau yuav txo qis kev nkag siab, kev xav, ua rau muaj kev lim hiam, thiab txo qis kev ua phem rau kev ua phem. "Tag nrho cov saum toj no ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev ntxhov siab hauv zej zog," cov kws tshaj lij xaus lus. Kev tswj tsis tau ntawm kev siv gadgets ua rau lub fact tias cov channel ntawm kev xaav yog nqaim mus rau ib tug "me me screen", ib tug neeg dag tso nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug "qis, virtual txoj kev hauv tsev", depriving nws ntawm lub sij hawm los xav txog tag nrho cov ntau haiv neeg thiab kev zoo nkauj. lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.

Kev paub kiv puag ncig

Cov xov tooj smartphones pab cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool tsim cov kev txawj tsav tsheb zoo, tab sis lawv kuj inhibit kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus, Mikhail Vladimirsky nyiam mloog. Lub tsev kawm ntawv, nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, yuav tsum daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib raug zoo, vim hais tias cov me nyuam nquag sib txuas lus nrog cov xib fwb. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no, ib yam nkaus, gadgets ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Kev loj hlob ntawm kev vam khom ntawm smartphones, kev cais tus kheej, tsim cov kev xav tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov menyuam yaus tau ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias smartphones raug txwv hauv tsev kawm theem pib thiab theem nrab hauv Fabkis. Ib feem, qhov kev txwv no tseem siv tau hauv UK, Belgium, Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Denmark. Raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm VTsIOM, 73% ntawm cov neeg Lavxias tau pom zoo los qhia txog kev ntsuas zoo sib xws hauv peb lub tebchaws. Tab sis txog tam sim no, gadgets tsis raug txwv - tsuas yog hauv qee lub tsev kawm ntawv (thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd, raws li txoj cai, hauv qib qis), cov menyuam yaus muab lawv lub xov tooj smartphones rau hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb ua ntej pib kawm.

Generation Z kawm tiav high school thiab nkag mus hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Nws qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tiam dhau los yog nws qhov muaj nyob hauv online, sau tseg cov neeg sib tw ntawm pedagogical sciences, associate professor of the PRUE. Plekhanov Dmitry Enygin. "Lawv tsis tu ncua, txawm nyob hauv chav kawm, tshawb xyuas kev sib tham, saib cov yeeb yaj kiab tshiab los ntawm cov bloggers nto moo thaum so thiab tawm tswv yim rau lawv," tus kws tshaj lij hais.

Associate Professor ntawm Department of Journalism, Oryol State University muaj npe tom qab Turgenev Andrei Dmitrovsky nco qab tias 10 xyoo dhau los, thaum nug leej twg muaj tsawg kawg yog peb lossis plaub phau ntawv, 30-40% ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm teb hauv qhov kev lees paub. "Hnub no, yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg muaj lawv," nws hais."Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog ob peb lub tshuab hluav taws xob rub tawm los ntawm Is Taws Nem." Yog tias qee qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog digitized, nws tsis zoo li tias nws yuav raug nyeem los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, lees paub Anastasia Vorobyova. Qhov teeb meem tseem yog, tus kws tshaj lij ntxiv, nrog rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntau hauv Is Taws Nem, cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis tas yuav cais cov peev txheej zoo los ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo, lawv muaj kev nyuaj, yog tias tsim nyog, muab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw thiab tshuaj xyuas nws.

Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm Andrei Dmitrovsky, txhua pawg tshiab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm dhau los ua tus cwj pwm tsis zoo: lawv muaj tsawg thiab tsawg tus kheej cov ntsiab lus thiab ntau dua "kev koom tes hauv zej zog." "Qhov 'kev ruam' thiab kev nyiam ua yeeb yam tau ua rau poob rau hauv kev xav tsis thoob, vim tias 'tus phooj ywg zoo tshaj' ntawm tus tub hluas - Network - muab cov kev daws teeb meem npaj txhij thiab zaub mov txawv rau txhua yam kev nyuaj hauv lub neej thiab teeb meem," tus kws tshaj lij hais. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tus cwj pwm yog tsim raws li cov qauv npaj thiab cov qauv. "Cov neeg thov-cov kws sau xov xwm tsis tuaj yeem sau cov ntawv nyuaj dua li daim ntawv sau tseg, lawv nyuaj rau kev xav txog kev xav, kev hais lus muaj peev xwm thiab tsim lawv cov kev xav," nws hais ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis txaus siab rau kev sib tw, nyiaj pab, kev sib tham txog kev tshawb fawb, thiab kev nrhiav haujlwm feem ntau raug ncua mus txog rau qhov kev xeem zaum kawg.

"Leej twg yog tus tswv cov ntaub ntawv, nws muaj lub ntiaj teb no" - cov kab lus no ntawm tus tsim ntawm Rothschild banking dynasty yog kev coj ncaj ncees. Tam sim no qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog muaj peev xwm muab pov tseg cov ntaub ntawv tsis tsim nyog, sau tseg Mikhail Vladimirsky, kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, txhim khu kev qha los ntawm kev ntseeg tsis tau. Thiab lub cim xeeb zoo kuj tseem tsis tau suav tias yog tib neeg muaj peev xwm, vim tias kev paub muaj nyob txhua lub sijhawm, nyob qhov twg, sai li sai tau thaum koj nqa koj lub smartphone tawm ntawm koj lub hnab ris. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj yuav tsum tawm hws nyeem ntawv ua ntej kev xeem. "Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev paub txog kev paub yog kev hloov pauv piv rau qhov zoo li kev sau ntawv, thawj qhov yooj yim ntawm tus neeg lub cim xeeb sab nraud," hais tias tus kws tshaj lij. "Zoo li txhua qhov kev hloov pauv, nws tsim kev ntshai thiab kev tawm tsam, piv txwv zoo uas yog phau ntawv "The Dumbest Generation" thiab ntau cov ntawv zoo sib xws, kev tshawb fawb, monographs."

Nyeem ntawv evolution

Kev nplua nuj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab nws cov peev txheej, ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no siv ntau cov kev pabcuam mloog. Lawv tau tsim clip xav nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg niaj hnub - ib tug fragmented thiab chaotic xaav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no tau dhau los ua qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem xav tias cov ntawv sau ib txwm tsim hauv tib neeg. Tam sim no tib neeg tau pib nyeem tsawg dua, hais tias Mikhail Vladimirsky. Ntau qhov tseeb, nrog kev txo qis ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm, ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, lawv maj mam poob cov kab lis kev cai ntawm kev nyeem ntawv "sib sib zog nqus", ntxiv Andrei Dmitrovsky.

Txoj kev nyeem ntawv kuj hloov. Tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem paub qhov kev nyeem ntev ntev yog tias nws tus kws sau ntawv tsis tuaj yeem ntes cov neeg nyeem los ntawm thawj kab. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nyeem ntawv nruab nrab yog linear - txij thaum pib mus rau thaum xaus, piav Anastasia Vorobyova, ib qho hluav taws xob nruab nrab yog nyeem tsis yog linearly. Cov ntawv hauv Web feem ntau yog txuas mus rau lwm cov ntawv thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab. Distracted los ntawm lawv, tus nyeem ntawv yuav mus ntxiv thiab ntxiv thiab, feem ntau yuav, yuav tsis rov qab mus rau cov khoom qub.

Qhov tseeb, feem ntau yog coj los ntawm cov ntawv luv luv thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab, thiab ntau tus txawm yuav nyiam cov duab ci nrog cov ntawv luv luv. Tab sis koj kawm tsis tau dab tsi li no. Yog li ntawd, hais tias Tatiana Poritskaya, qhov xwm txheej hloov yog hais tias ib tug neeg tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus siab rau ib yam dab tsi. Tej zaum nws yuav pib nrog ib yam dab tsi luv luv thiab superficial, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws yuav nyeem ntau thiab ntau tob rau hauv cov ncauj lus, nrhiav cov ntawv tshiab thiab cov phau ntawv los ntawm tib lub hyperlinks lossis hauv kev tshawb fawb xyaw.

Txiv neej yog phooj ywg ntawm smartphone

Tib neeg tsis tsuas yog pib nyeem ntawv tsawg, lawv pib xav tsawg, Vera Lisitsina thiab Narina Tevosyan txhawj xeeb. Kev tswj hwm tib neeg kev nco qab ntawm lub Vev Xaib yog ib qho xwm txheej txaus ntshai tshaj plaws niaj hnub no, lawv ntseeg tias: txhua yam yog tsim los rau tib neeg los sib tw rau kev yuav khoom ntawm qhov no lossis cov ntsiab lus, khoom, kev pabcuam. "Tib neeg raug qhia kom xav thiab txheeb xyuas tsawg dua," cov kws tshaj lij hais. "Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov "nyiam" ntawm kev sib raug zoo ua rau tsis yog rau kev loj hlob ntawm narcissism, tab sis kuj rau kev nyuaj siab."

Lub hnab ntim khoom yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus, kev lom zem, khw, kev them nyiaj, kev sib tham, cov ntaub ntawv rov qab, kev taw qhia hauv thaj chaw tsis paub. Rau ib tug neeg, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thib peb ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lub ntiaj teb tom qab lub cev muaj tiag thiab cov neeg hlub. Tab sis lub xov tooj smartphone tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub zog rau kev tsim cov kev tiv thaiv kev sib raug zoo, kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj, kev sib tham hauv online, kev sib tham erotic, kev twv txiaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, shopaholism. Ces, ceeb toom

Mikhail Vladimirsky, koj gadget nyob rau hauv tus nqi system yuav coj qhov chaw thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, los yog txawm los ua lub ntsiab. "Lub ntiaj teb ntawm tus neeg zoo li no tau teeb tsa hauv txoj hauv kev uas qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv nws tsuas yog siv tau los ntawm cov khoom siv," hais tias tus kws tshaj lij.

Thiab lub ntiaj teb virtual yog tsim los ntawm txoj kev uas nws muab rau cov neeg siv raws nraim qhov nws xav pom thiab tuaj yeem yuav. “Peb tau sau npe rau cov channel uas txaus siab. Peb nyob hauv cov zej zog ntawm cov neeg muaj lub siab nyiam. Txawm hais tias nws tsuas yog nplooj Facebook xwb, kev txawj ntse ntse yog maj mam hloov cov ntaub ntawv ntws raws li peb "nyiam", hais tias tus kws kho hlwb. -

Peb dhau los ua tsawg thiab tsawg dua tuaj hla ib qho kev xav uas tsis txhawb peb txoj kev ntseeg uas twb muaj lawm. Peb nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb xis nyob qhov twg txhua yam lees paub peb qhov tsis muaj txim. Thiab xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg cov zej zog raws li kev txhais cov cai ntawm pawg thiab ciam teb, xaiv cov thawj coj, txiav txim siab txog cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tswv cuab, thiab ntau lwm tus, tau pib ua ntau yam ntawm digital online platforms, hauv xov tooj.

Zoo li tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej uas lub smartphone tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ntxiv mus, txhua lub sij hawm no lub luag hauj lwm yog ob - uas ntawm ib tug phem, ces ntawm ib tug zoo genius. Thiab nyob rau hauv no cov kws txawj yog unanimous. Smartphones tau pab peb kom sai, tab sis tsis ntse dua.

Thiab nco tau zuj zus tsis yog hauv cov menyuam yaus xwb. Nikolai Molchanov hais tias "Tsuas 15 xyoo dhau los, txhua tus neeg nco qab tsawg kawg yog peb mus rau tsib tus xov tooj," - Tam sim no tsis muaj. Yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yog ob peb clicks tam sim ntawd, lub ntsiab lus ntawm memorizing nws disappears. Peb tsis nco qab tsis yog tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog kev tshaj lij lossis kev ua haujlwm dav dav, tab sis kuj yog cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej."

Tatiana Poritskaya yog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tsis sib xws: smartphones ua rau lawv tus tswv tsis saib xyuas thiab vam khom. Tag nrho cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov neeg siv, lub pob tshab hauv kev sib raug zoo hauv internet ib puag ncig uas tsis suav nrog kev ceev ntiag tug, "maj mam thiab imperceptibly ua rau tag nrho conformism, tsis muaj kev xav ywj pheej," txhawj xeeb Mikhail Vladimirsky. Lub neej yav tom ntej yog tsis paub, thiab tsuas yog ntau yam ntawm cov tswv yim yug los ntawm tib neeg ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm ib leeg tso cai rau kev nrhiav kev daws teeb meem tshiab uas tsis tau pom dua ntawm noob neej, tus kws tshaj lij paub meej.

Tab sis, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm smartphones ntawm ib tus neeg, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv uas cov thev naus laus zis tau ua hauv nws lub siab, ua rau muaj kev ntsuas tsis meej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xav tseem tsis tau ploj mus, thiab tus neeg tseem yog tus tswv ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Tos ib pliag ho. Thiab koj xav li cas thaum koj raug yuam kom nyob twj ywm yam tsis muaj smartphone rau ob peb hnub? Los yog qhov no tsis tau tshwm sim rau koj?