Ancient Roman Pantheon - Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Txhua Vajtswv

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nws yuav zoo li, muaj pes tsawg xyoo ntawm lub neej ntawm lub tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus vajtswv - Pantheon, yuav tsum tsis muaj kev zais thiab tsis paub, tab sis ntau lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov lus nug ntau tshwm sim. Thiab tag nrho cov kev sim los txiav txim siab tsawg kawg yog lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov qauv los yog kom nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb dome, ib tug analogue uas lub earthlings yeej tsis tau tsim, kom deb li deb tsis tau crowned nrog kev vam meej.

Txawm hais tias muaj hnub nyoog venerable ntawm Pantheon, nws tseem tseem yog cov qauv tsis meej tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, vim nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem tshawb pom txawm tias thaum twg nws tau tsim lossis tsim nws li cas.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj ntau cov lus nug tshwm sim txog lub dome loj, vim hais tias txawm niaj hnub builders uas paub txog intricacies ntawm lawv cov lag luam thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv, xyaum nyob rau hauv unison, hais tias nws yog tsis muaj peev xwm los tsim xws li ib tug txuj ci tseem ceeb. Tab sis tsis muaj teeb meem li cas lawv xav tsis thoob thiab tham txog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim, Pantheon tseem muaj thiab sawv hauv tag nrho nws lub yeeb koob hauv thaj tsam keeb kwm ntawm Rome - Pigna.

Tag nrho lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb suav nrog 126 AD. hnub ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm xws li ib tug landmark qauv. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj ntaub ntawv pov thawj tau pom, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tso siab rau qee qhov xwm txheej uas tau piav qhia hauv annals. Lawv tau tsim cov chains logic, thiab nws tsis paub meej tias lawv muaj tseeb lossis tsis yog.

Tab sis cov no tsis yog tsuas yog oddities thiab paub tsis meej txuam nrog kev tsim kho ntawm Pantheon, uas yog suav hais tias yog lub crown ntawm creation ntawm ancient Roman architects. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, nws xav tsis thoob thiab zoo siab rau lub siab ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, thiab tsis yog cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm, tab sis cov kws tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv, uas tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia yuav ua li cas, yuav luag 2 txhiab xyoo dhau los, cov kws tsim vaj tsev qub tsim lub tsev los ntawm cib thiab pob zeb, uas yog ib txwm muaj rau lub sijhawm ntawd, uas tau muaj sia nyob mus txog hnub no.

Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lub dome, uas tsis tawm niaj hnub architects nyob rau hauv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, vim hais tias, raws li nws muab tawm, lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug analogue rau nws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sij hawm no. Lub uniqueness ntawm lub domed qab nthab nyob rau hauv lub fact tias tsis muaj kev txhawb zog nyob rau hauv nws tsim, uas, nrog ib tug loj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 43, 3 m, yog ib tug fantasy uas contradicts tag nrho cov kev cai ntawm physics thiab paub subtleties ntawm kev tsim kho.

Nthuav qhov tseeb los ntawm Novate. Ru:Rau cov neeg uas tsis versed nyob rau hauv lub intricacies thiab intricacies ntawm kev tsim kho kev ua hauj lwm thiab tsis kam, kuv xav qhia meej tias txog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nws tseem tsis tau muaj peev xwm tsim xws li ib tug domed pob zeb vault vim lub impossibility ntawm khaws cia ib tug loj cheeb tsam thiab. qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov siab yam tsis muaj ntxiv (txhim kho) cov qauv kev txhawb nqa lossis kev txhawb nqa. Thiab qhov amazing tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg no yog hais tias lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm txawm lub zog tshaj thiab txhim khu kev qha pob zeb yog txwv, thiab tom qab 600 xyoo nws tag nrho poob nws cov khoom, disintegrating rau hauv nws constituent hais.

Ntawm chav kawm, chemists kuj tau koom nrog hauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov pob zeb qub, uas tau txiav txim siab tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv tau tsim los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv. Zoo, qhov no yog to taub, vim hais tias lub hauv paus yuav tsum muaj ib tug muaj zog qauv, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sab saum toj - ib tug sib dua, yog li ntawd lub dome yuav tsis vau nyob rau hauv lub luj ntawm nws tus kheej qhov hnyav. Tab sis txawm tias cov kev tshawb fawb no tsis piav qhia nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm lub dome, txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau tag nrho cov qauv (1900 xyoo!) Thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tsis qhia qhov zais cia ntawm kev suav thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm lub tsev. lub Pantheon.

Xav txog qhov seismicity ntawm cheeb tsam, hluav taws kub, dej nyab tsis tu ncua, 900 xyoo ntawm oblivion thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm qhov chaw qub, cov lus nug ntxiv tshwm sim. Cov qauv no yuav ua li cas thiaj li muaj kev ncaj ncees, vim hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov tsev ntawm Roman lub sij hawm nrog tsawg ornate thiab complex architecture tau ntev tau tig mus rau hauv ruins. Thiab txawm tias qhov tseeb tias Pantheon tau rov tsim dua ntau dua ib zaug thiab tau khaws cia zoo nyob rau xyoo tas los no tsis tau piav qhia txog qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no. Coj lub Colosseum, uas tsis tau pab los ntawm kev tsim kho, nws tseem tawg, thiab cov txheej txheem no tsis tuaj yeem tso tseg.

Thaum tag nrho cov secrets no tau raug daws los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi tuaj yeem txaus siab rau qhov kev sib raug zoo zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Pantheon. Thiab txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov rais hauv chav tsev thiab lub teeb nkag mus tsuas yog los ntawm lub qhov nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub dome (Oculus), koj tuaj yeem pom nws cov ntaub ntawv zoo meej thiab cov ntsiab lus sab hauv, feem ntau tsis tau hloov txij li thaum nws tsim.

Tau kawg, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tswj hwm los tsim qhov kev kwv yees ntawm cov qauv no thiab nws tau muab tawm tias qhov chaw sab hauv tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tog raj kheej nrog qhov siab sib npaug ntawm lub vojvoog ntawm lub dome kheej kheej, uas tseem yog 43.3 m. Thiab qhov no yog. tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob nkaus xwb: 16 kab uas txhawb nqa lub portico tau xa ntau tshaj li ib puas kilometers deb. Thiab qhov no txawm hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm txhua kab monolithic granite yog 60 tons.

Tsis muaj pov thawj tias dhau los ntawm keeb kwm ntev ntawm nws lub neej lub tuam tsev tau hloov kho lossis kev tsim kho dua tshiab, tab sis nws paub tseeb tias cov duab puab thiab cov ntawv sau tau hloov pauv, thiab qhov no yog vim lub sijhawm dhau mus thiab kev hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm. kev ntseeg ntawm cov neeg hauv nroog. Yog tias thaum xub thawj nws yog lub tuam tsev uas txhua tus vajtswv Roman thaum ub tau pe hawm, tom qab ntawd dhau sijhawm nws hloov mus ua lub tsev teev ntuj pagan. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, lawv tsuas pe hawm 7 Tus Tswv Zoo Tshaj Plaws, uas cov duab puab marble tau teeb tsa hauv cov niches tsim ua ntej.

Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias lawv tau nyob rau hauv ib ntu tshwj xeeb thiab thaum lub hnub lub rays nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov hauv lub dome, lawv tsuas yog ci ntsa iab hnub vajtswv thiab ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Qhov no tau lees paub qhov kev xav tias Pantheon tau siv los ua ob lub tuam tsev thiab kev saib xyuas.

Nthuav qhov tseeb: Lub teeb tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem pom thaum lub Plaub Hlis 21st. Hnub no, cov neeg Loos ua kev zoo siab rau hnub ntawm kev tsim lub nroog, thiab hnub so pib raws nraim thaum tav su, thaum lub hnub ci ntawm sab hauv chav poob rau ntawm lub grate saum lub qhov rooj. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas tus huab tais yeej ib txwm nyob ntawm lub qhov rooj kom pom nws tus kheej hauv lub hnub ci los ntawm lub tuam tsev. Yog li txhua tus huab tais tau sim nce ib kauj ruam nrog cov vajtswv - cov neeg nyob hauv Pantheon.

Nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm kev ntseeg Vajtswv, Pantheon tau hloov mus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, thiab tsis yog cov Vaj tswv siab tshaj plaws, cov duab dawb huv tau teeb tsa rau ntawd. Qhov kev tshwm sim no tshwm sim rau lub Tsib Hlis 13, 609, yog thaum ntawd Emperor Phoca tau pub lub tuam tsev rau Boniface IV thiab Pope tau muab nws ua lub Koom Txoos Christian St. Mary thiab Martyrs (Santa Maria ad Martires). Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, Pantheon kuj tau los ua qhov chaw faus neeg nto moo ntawm ltalis; nws muaj cov sarcophagi ntawm ntau tus vajntxwv, cardinals thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam Renaissance - Raphael.