Cov caj ces zoo sib xws ntawm Native Americans thiab cov neeg Yudais

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Qhov kev xav tias cov neeg Khab yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov neeg Yudais thaum ub, cov neeg Iyiv lossis Greeks tau muaj nyob rau ntau pua xyoo, tab sis tau pom tias muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. James Adair, uas yog ib tug neeg nyob hauv lub xyoo pua 18th uas ua lag luam nrog cov neeg Khab rau 40 xyoo, tau sau tias lawv cov lus, kev lis kev cai thiab kev coj noj coj ua zoo ib yam li cov neeg Henplais.

Nws tau sau rau hauv nws phau ntawv A History of the American Indians: “Nws nyuaj heev kom kov yeej tus kheej, cia lwm tus, hloov tus cwj pwm. Kuv cia siab tias yuav raug censored rau qhov tsis sib haum xeeb kev txawj ntse los yog cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cav uas tau zoo siab rau cov kws tshawb fawb txij li kev tshawb pom ntawm Asmeskas."

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Dr. Donald Panther-Yates, uas muaj cov kev xav zoo sib xws, tau ntsib kev tsis zoo los ntawm lwm cov kws tshawb fawb.

Muaj kev xav dav dav hauv kev tshawb fawb uas cov neeg Indian tau nqis los ntawm Mongols. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2013 tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Nature qhia rau qee cov keeb kwm European qub. Kev tshuaj xyuas tau ua los ntawm 24,000-xyoo-laus tib neeg seem ntawm Siberia. Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau qhia qhov zoo sib xws nrog cov neeg Esxias, tsuas yog nrog cov neeg European, thaum muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog Asmeskas Khab. Tab sis lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no tsis ntseeg txog lub tswv yim tias cov neeg Khab tuaj yeem yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nruab nrab sab hnub tuaj lossis cov neeg Greek thaum ub, raws li tau hais los ntawm Yeats thiab lwm cov kws tshawb fawb.

Yates yog nws tus kheej yog Cherokee Indian. Nws tuav Ph. D. nyob rau hauv Antiquity Studies thiab yog tus tsim ntawm DNA Consultants Institute for Genetic Research. Tag nrho cov no tau tso cai rau nws los tsim cov kev xav tshwj xeeb txog keeb kwm ntawm Asmeskas Khab thiab lawv cov kev sib txuas nrog cov kab lis kev cai qub. Kev kuaj DNA tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov kev xav no.

Cov caj ces zoo sib xws

Cov neeg Khab nyob rau tsib pawg caj ces hu ua haplotypes, txhua tus sawv cev los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv: A, B, C, D, thiab X.

Hauv nws tsab xov xwm "Cherokee DNA Abnormalities," nws taw qhia txog qhov yuam kev uas tshwm sim hauv ntau yam tshuaj ntsuam genetic analyses. "Cov kws tshawb fawb caj ces hais tias A, B, C, D thiab X yog Native American haplotypes. Yog li ntawd, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov Indians. Tab sis qhov no yog tib yam li hais tias: txhua tus neeg txav ntawm ob txhais ceg. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias lub cev ntawm ib tug tsiaj muaj ob txhais ceg, ces nws yog ib tug neeg. Tab sis qhov tseeb, nws tuaj yeem yog kangaroo."

Txhua qhov tsis sib xws nrog haplotypes feem ntau yog los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov haiv neeg tom qab lub tebchaws Asmeskas los ntawm cov neeg European, thiab tsis yog cov noob caj noob ces ntawm Indians.

Tab sis Yeats, uas txheeb xyuas Cherokee DNA, xaus lus tias qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau kev sib xyaw ntawm European cov noob tom qab 1492.

"Yog li ntawd, qhov twg tsis yog-European thiab tsis yog-Indian noob tuaj ntawm? nws nug. - Qib ntawm haplogroup T hauv Cherokee (26, 9%) yog piv rau qib ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Iziv (25%). Tim lyiv teb chaws yog tib lub teb chaws uas T dominates lwm mitochondrial kab mob."

Yeats tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau haplotype X, uas yog "tso tawm hauv Mongolia thiab Siberia, tab sis feem ntau hauv Lebanon thiab Israel."

Xyoo 2009, Liran I. Sluch ntawm Israel lub koom haum thev naus laus zis tau luam tawm ib qho kev tshawb fawb hauv phau ntawv xov xwm PLOS ONE thov tias haplotype tau kis thoob plaws ntiaj teb los ntawm Hills of Galilee nyob rau sab qaum teb Israel thiab Lebanon. Yeats sau: "Tib neeg hauv ntiaj teb uas muaj qib siab ntawm haplotype X, dhau li ntawm cov neeg Khab ntawm cov pab pawg xws li Ojibwe, yog Druze nyob rau sab qaum teb Israel thiab Lebanon."

Cultural thiab linguistic zoo sib xws

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm Cherokee kab lis kev cai tau ploj mus, Yeats sau tseg hauv nws phau ntawv Cherokee Clans tias tseem muaj cov lus dab neeg hais txog cov poj koob yawm txwv uas tau caij nkoj hla hiav txwv thiab hais lus zoo ib yam li Greek thaum ub. Qee qhov sib piv tuaj yeem taug qab ntawm cov lus ntawm Isdias Asmesliskas, Egyptians thiab Hebrew.

Tus qauv ntawm cov tawv dawb-dawb demigod Maui ntawm Cherokee Isdias Asmesliskas yuav yog Libyan tus thawj coj ntawm lub nkoj, uas raug tua los ntawm Pharaoh Ptolemy III nyob ib ncig ntawm 230 BC, Yates ntseeg. Lo lus maui zoo ib yam li Egyptian lo lus rau navigator lossis coj. Cov lus dab neeg tau hais tias Maui tau qhia Indians txhua yam txuj ci thiab khoom siv tes ua. Nws tau muab lub npe rau cov thawj coj ntawm Cherokee "amatohi" lossis "ntxuav," uas tuaj yeem txhais tau tias "sailor" lossis "admiral," Yates hais.

Nws nco qab cov lus dab neeg ntawm ib xeem Cherokee txog Maui txiv Tanoa. Yeats ntseeg tias Tanoa tej zaum yuav yog Greek keeb kwm. "Tanoa yog leej txiv ntawm tag nrho cov me nyuam plaub hau ncaj, nws los ntawm ib thaj av hu ua Atia," nws sau.

Atia tuaj yeem xa mus rau Attica, thaj chaw keeb kwm uas ncig lub nroog Greek ntawm Athens. "Atia" yog qhov chaw uas muaj "ntau lub tuam tsev alabaster siab", ib qho uas dav heev, nws tau tsim los ua qhov chaw sib ntsib rau tib neeg thiab cov vajtswv. Muaj kev sib tw kis las, hnub so hauv kev hwm ntawm cov vajtswv, cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov thawj coj loj, nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog uas yuam cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw.

Yates sau hais tias "Nws nyuaj los nrog cov lus dab neeg uas qhia meej meej txog Greek kab lis kev cai," Yates sau. Hauv lus Hawaii muaj lo lus "xim av" - kev lom zem, so. Yuav luag tib lo lus tau siv hauv Greek." Nws tau sau tseg lwm qhov zoo sib xws.

“Raws li cov txwj laus, cov Cherokee, zoo li Hopi, thaum ub hais ib hom lus uas tsis yog neeg Indian. Tab sis tom qab ntawd lawv tau hloov mus rau Mohawk mus txuas ntxiv nrog Iroquois. Lawv cov lus qub zoo li suav nrog ntau qhov qiv nyiaj los ntawm Greek, hom lus ntawm Ptolemaic Egypt thiab Hebrew, nws hais.

Adair tau sau tseg cov lus zoo sib xws ntawm Hebrew thiab cov lus ntawm cov neeg Amelikas.

Raws li nyob rau hauv Hebrew, nouns nyob rau hauv Indian lus tsis muaj rooj plaub thiab declensions, Adair sau. Lwm qhov zoo sib xws yog qhov tsis muaj kev sib piv thiab qib superlative. "Tsis muaj hom lus, tshwj tsis yog cov lus Henplais thiab Indian, puas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm prepositions. Isdias Asmesliskas thiab cov neeg Yudais tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev hais lus los cais cov lus. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum muab qee cov cim rau cov lus txhawm rau txhawm rau kov yeej qhov tsis txaus no, "nws sau.

Kev pom yav dhau los

Adair muaj peev xwm ua kom pom kev ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Isdias Asmesliskas, uas yog dhau lub hwj chim ntawm Yeats. Adair nquag sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg Khab ntau pua xyoo dhau los, thaum lawv cov kev cai tseem muaj sia nyob. Tau kawg, nws yuav tsum tau xav tias, raws li ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws, nws tuaj yeem txhais qee yam ntawm lawv cov kab lis kev cai.

"Los ntawm kuv qhov kev soj ntsuam, kuv tau xaus lus tias Asmeskas Khab yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm Israelis. Tej zaum qhov kev faib no tau tshwm sim thaum cov neeg Ixayees thaum ub yog lub hwj chim hauv hiav txwv, lossis tom qab lawv poob ua qhev. Qhov tseeb version yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, "hais tias Adair.

Lawv muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm pab pawg thiab cov koom haum ntawm cov pov thawj, nrog rau kev cai ntawm kev teeb tsa lub chaw dawb huv, nws hais.

Nws muab ib tug piv txwv txog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm kev lis kev cai: “Raws li Mauxes txoj kev cai, ib tug poj niam tom qab taug kev yuav tsum tau ua kom huv. Cov poj niam Indian kuj muaj kev cai so ntawm lawv tus txiv thiab txhua yam kev ua pej xeem rau qee lub sijhawm."

Adair piav txog qhov tsis muaj kev cai txiav kev txiav plaub hau raws li nram no: “Cov Yixayee nyob tom roob moj sab qhua tau 40 xyoo thiab tej zaum yuav tsis rov qab mus rau qhov kev coj ua uas mob hnyav no yog tias Yausua tsis tau qhia txog nws. Thawj cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Amelikas, tau ntsib nrog kev ua neej nyob nyuaj, tuaj yeem tso tseg txoj kev cai no thiab tom qab ntawd tsis nco qab lawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tau nrog lawv txoj kev taug los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj."

Nws zoo nkaus li tias Cherokee lawv tus kheej tsis txaus ntseeg txog Yeats txoj haujlwm. Lub hauv paus chaw Cherokee tau tshaj tawm cov ntsiab lus los ntawm Yeats 'kev tshawb fawb, tab sis ib tus neeg cov lus los ntawm nws cov neeg nyeem qhia tias Cherokee tsis kam txhawb cov kev xav zoo li no.

Hais txog Cherokee xeem, Yeats hais tias: "Ib txhia ntawm lawv tau xyaum Judaism, txawm hais tias cov txwj laus ntawm United Kituwa (Cherokee lub koom haum) vehemently tsis kam."