Dab tsi yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov vitamins?

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo pua, noob neej tau noj cov vitamins hauv koob tshuaj poob siab. Tab sis nws tseem tsis tau ua tsis txawj tuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus naj npawb ntawm cov phuam qhwv caj dab uas nws plague txhua xyoo thaum mob khaub thuas thiab mob khaub thuas tsis tau txo. Nws yog lub sijhawm los txiav txim siab: vim li cas?

Ib zaug dhau los, tib neeg tsis paub dab tsi txog cov vitamins txhua, tab sis lawv twb tau tawm tsam nrog lawv qhov tsis muaj. Nws yog cov neeg tsav nkoj feem ntau uas tau koom nrog qhov no, txij li nws yog pawg neeg siab tawv uas yuav tsum tau ntsib tus kab mob coj txawv txawv. Ntawm no koj sail, sail rau lub nkoj rau ob peb lub hlis, tsis txhob ua dab tsi phem heev, noj biscuits thiab corned nyuj, thiab ces bam - thiab tag nrho koj cov hniav poob tawm. Vim li cas, ib qho xav tsis thoob? Vim li cas?

Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, scurvy twb perceived raws li ib tug tag nrho mystical phenomenon. Piv txwv li, nws tau pom tias cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm lub nkoj caij nkoj nyob rau sab qaum teb Hemisphere muaj ntau zaus dua li cov nkoj uas lawv caij nkoj hla hiav txwv sab qab teb. Tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov txawv txawv no.

Los ntawm kev sim, kev ua yuam kev thiab poking scurvy tseem swb, thiab ntxov dua li lawv paub nws qhov laj thawj. Nws muab tawm hais tias yog tias koj tsis tu ncua pub pab neeg nrog txiv qaub, ces los ntshav ulcers thiab lwm yam scurvy delights tsis ntshai ntawm nws. Twb tau los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Cook's expeditions, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, kegs nrog txiv qaub yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nkoj, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb kho mob tau luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb hauv cov ntawv kho mob uas, vim dej hiav txwv yog lub ntsiab ntawm salinity thiab iab, thiab qab zib, uas yog ib txwm txaus nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg tsav nkoj ntawv qhia zaub mov, - ib tug neeg muag khoom ntawm cov khoom qab zib, nws yog precisely qhov tsis muaj lub plaub saj, qaub, uas coj mus rau xws tu siab lub txim.

Cov kws kho mob tawm tsam

"Ib tug neeg tau txais cov vitamin D txaus los ntawm cov khoom noj thiab dhau los ntawm kev raug tshav ntuj. Nws qhov kev noj haus ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob metabolic "Nikolay Adrianov, Ph. D.

Rau tag nrho cov charlatanism ntawm cov ntawv no, lawv feem ntau muaj cov ntaub ntawv raug, txawm hais tias lawv coj mus rau qhov ntxa ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov neeg poob los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, uas tau sim "rov qab qhov sib npaug ntawm acidity" nrog kev pab ntawm vinegar, vim nws yog pheej yig dua. txiv qaub. Thiab tag nrho vim hais tias vitamin C, qhov tsis muaj uas ua rau scurvy, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm luv luv nruab hnub nrig teev thiab txias huab cua, tsis pom nyob rau hauv vinegar. Tab sis leej twg paub …

Ib puas xyoo tom qab, tib neeg tau kawm los kho lwm qhov laj thawj ntawm vitamin deficiency - rickets, txawm hais tias lawv tsis muaj lub tswv yim me ntsis txog cov txheej txheem ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim. Tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kev paub dhau los tau pom tias tus menyuam yaus uas feem ntau tawm sab nraum zoov, haus cov mis nyuj ntau thiab tau txais ib diav roj ntses ob peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, tiv thaiv tus kab mob no zoo dua li lwm tus. Thiab qhov txawv ntawm qhov ua rau nws ua haujlwm li cas yog tias nws ua haujlwm?

Vitamin openers

Nyob rau hauv 1880, Nikolai Lunin, biologist ntawm University of Tartu, yog thawj zaug nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no keeb kwm xav tias cov zaub mov tej zaum yuav muaj ib yam dab tsi tseem ceeb heev rau peb, kiag li tsis paub rau peb. Nws coj ob pab nas. Nws muab ib tug haus nrog nyuj mis nyuj (lawv hlub mis nyuj heev) - thiab nas tau zoo siab thiab zoo siab. Lunin kho cov pab pawg thib ob nrog nws tus kheej ua cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, uas suav nrog tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv cov mis: qab zib, lwm yam carbohydrates, proteins, rog thiab ntau cov ntsev.

Cov nas tuag hauv Bose nrog kev tu siab tam sim no (peb tam sim no paub tias lawv raug tua los ntawm qhov tsis muaj vitamin B, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv lub neej). Hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, Lunin tau piav qhia txog qhov kev paub no thiab qhia txog kev ntseeg tias tsis yog mis nyuj xwb, tab sis kuj muaj lwm hom zaub mov muaj qee yam tsis paub, tab sis tseem ceeb heev rau lub neej, uas tseem tsis tau tshawb pom vim tias muaj tsawg heev. ntawm lawv…. Tam sim no peb paub tias Lunin yog tiag tiag. Tab sis nws tsis muaj hmoo.

Lwm cov kws tshawb fawb uas tau ua tiav nws qhov kev sim tsis pom muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm nas noj nrog Lunin muaj pes tsawg leeg. Tag nrho cov teeb meem yog qab zib: Lunin coj cov qab zib qab zib, tab sis tsis qhia qhov no hauv nws txoj haujlwm.

Thiab qhov kev sim ua pov thawj tau ua tiav nrog kev pab ntawm cov kua mis tsis zoo, uas nws tus kheej muaj cov vitamin B. Yog li Lunin tsis ua tsis ncaj ncees los ua tus nrhiav pom cov vitamins, thiab ob peb lwm cov kws tshawb fawb tau txais Nobel nqi zog rau qhov no, leej twg thaum kawg. 19th - pib ntawm 20th centuries koom ua ke tsim txoj kev xav ntawm cov vitamins … Tom qab ntawd, raws li ib txwm muaj, ntau qhov kev sib tw thiab kev tsim tawm tau pib: cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm yuav ua li cas los tsim cov vitamins, nrhiav tau ntau yam ntawm lawv, nrhiav pom qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tsis muaj cov vitamins (piv txwv li, pellagra thiab beriberi), suav cov lus pom zoo. kev noj cov vitamins, uas yog nquag koom ua lag luam.

Thaum xub thawj, tus so ntawm tib neeg tau kho tag nrho cov kev ua tiav no zoo heev. Nws yog tibneeg hu tauj coob nrog kev tsov rog ntiaj teb, kiv puag ncig, kev nyuaj siab loj, kev tawg ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman - nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, feem coob ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj teeb meem txaus los saib xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj tau tshwm sim hauv txoj kev xav ntawm kev noj haus. Qhov no yog qhov twg kom tau txais cov khoom noj nrog daim coupon no - nws yog ib lo lus nug tseem ceeb dua.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pej xeem tau ua tiav cov vitaminized, txij li cov menyuam yaus thiab tsev kawm ntawv noj mov, kev noj zaub mov kho mob, cov tub rog cov khoom noj tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv tus account qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov vitamins, thiab cov vitamin thiab mineral complexes tau muag hauv khw muag tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, txhua yam yog boring, kwv yees thiab tsis muaj excitement. Txog thaum Nws tshwm sim. Ib tug rau leej twg, nyob rau hauv ib tug amicable txoj kev, nyob rau hauv txhua txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj lub monument yuav tsum tau tsa nyob rau hauv tag nrho qhov siab, vim hais tias cov nyiaj tau los uas nws coj mus rau lub tuam txhab kws tshuaj thiab manufacturers ntawm kev noj haus … Tab sis cia peb tsis tau ua ntej ntawm peb tus kheej. Cia peb paub nws ua ntej.

Zoo vitaminizer

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1960, Linus Pauling lub npe nrov nrov dua li cov npe ntawm Jobs thiab Gates suab niaj hnub no. Nws yog ib tug neeg txawj ntse thoob ntiaj teb lees paub, tus thawj tubtxib saum ntuj los ntawm kev tshawb fawb, ib tug yaj saub los ntawm natural sciences. Ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm molecular biology, uas tau txais lub Nobel nqi zog nyob rau hauv Chemistry nyob rau hauv 1954, nws tseem nyob ib ncig ntawm nws tus kheej nrog lub yeeb koob ntawm ib tug zoo humanist, sib ntaus sib tua tawm tsam proliferation ntawm nuclear riam phom thiab dhau los ua ib tug tseem ceeb thawj pib ntawm kos npe rau ntawm ib tug nuclear. sim txwv kev cog lus ntawm Asmeskas, USSR thiab Great Britain.

Rau qhov no nws kuj tau txais 1962 Nobel Peace Prize. Ib tug zoo heev generalist, chemist, kws kho mob, biologist, philosopher thiab politician - Pauling kuj muaj ib tug zoo kawg nkaus literary khoom plig thiab oratorical khoom plig. Feem ntau, ib tug superman los ntawm lub chaw soj nstuam, sib npaug revered los ntawm ob laymen thiab scientific zej zog. Hmoov tsis zoo rau nws lub koob npe nrov, nws tau ua neej nyob ntev heev - 94 xyoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1966 nws tsuas yog 65 xyoo - feem ntau, ib tug yuav hais tias, nyob zoo hnub. Thiab tsuas yog xyoo ntawd, Pauling tau mob khaub thuas. Nws tus kws kho mob, Irving Stone, pom zoo kom tus kws tshawb fawb noj peb grams ntawm ascorbic acid ib hnub twg, raws li nws ntseeg hais tias lub cev tsis muaj zog los ntawm tus kab mob yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog ntxiv vitamin C. Yog li ntawd, tus kws tshawb fawb zoo tau dhau los ua cov tshuaj ascorbic acid. Tam sim ntawd tom qab noj thawj zaug, nws zoo dua, tom qab ob peb hnub nws twb noj qab nyob zoo.

Cov kws kho mob tawm tsam

"Peb cov khoom noj, hmoov zoo, muaj ntau cov vitamins hauv ntau qhov sib txawv. Yog tias peb muaj cov pluas noj kom raug, peb yuav tau txais lawv txaus. Cov neeg uas xav txog thiab tsim cov ntawv tshaj tawm rau kev npaj cov tshuaj vitamin muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev muag khoom ntxiv "Salavat Suleymanov, Tus Kws Kho Mob Kev Tshawb Fawb, xibfwb, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm Qib Siab ntawm Cov Kws Kho Mob.

Thiab tom qab ntawd Pauling tau ntxhov siab. Nws ntseeg. Nws ntseeg hais tias lub zog kho zoo ntawm cov vitamin C. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias feem ntau tsis zoo rau kev ntseeg tus kws tshawb fawb, tus kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum yog tus neeg tsis ntseeg siab. Txoj kev tshawb fawb nws tus kheej yog tsim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ib qho "ob ob yog plaub" yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj. Tsis muaj thiab tsis tuaj yeem muaj qhov pom tseeb hauv ntiaj teb; ib qho pov thawj xav tau kev pom zoo. Qhov ntawd yog, raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xav txog kev tshawb fawb, Pauling yuav tsum tau hais tias: "Kuv tau noj cov kua qaub ascorbic, kuv zoo dua. Thiab qhov no tsuas yog txhais tau tias yog ib qho: hauv qhov tshwj xeeb no, cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb no tsis tiv thaiv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov zoo. Thiab lwm yam kev xav ntawm qhov qhab nia no tuaj yeem sim ua pov thawj."

Tab sis tus kheej kev paub ntawm ib tug neeg txawj ntse, accustomed mus rau lub constancy ntawm nws kev ncaj ncees, tso cai rau nws ua ib tug unforgivable yam - sau thiab luam tawm ib tug hauj lwm uas tsis sawv mus rau scientific thuam. Phau ntawv no hu ua "Vitamin C thiab Txias". Nyob rau hauv nws, Pauling ardently hais kom txhua leej txhua tus noj ib los yog ob grams ntawm ascorbic acid txhua txhua hnub, thiaj li tsis txhob mob khaub thuas thiab feem ntau hnov zoo, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej lwm cov vitamins. Hauv cov ntawv nyeem, Pauling tau lees paub tias nws "tsis nkag siab txog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ascorbic acid ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias," tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws ntseeg siab txog qhov tseeb ntawm nws cov lus pom zoo. Hais tias lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb tau vwm thaum nws tau paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib tus neeg txawj ntse tseem yuav muab nws me me. Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb pom, nws yog cov ntawv nyeem uas tsis txawv ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm "kev sib haum xeeb ntawm acidity." Tab sis tag nrho lwm cov tswv cuab hauv zej zog tau zoo siab. Phau ntawv, sau ua lus yooj yim, meej thiab txawm tias ntxim nyiam, tau dhau los ua tus muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws rau lub sijhawm ntev, ascorbic acid reserves tau rhais tawm ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj, thiab cov kws muag tshuaj, cov neeg ua teb thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tau nkees ntawm lub hlwb hnia Linus Pauling cov hneev taw..

Lawv pib txhawb txhua yam. Txawm paj kws thiab chips. Tib neeg maj mus noj cov vitamins. Cov nom tswv, cov neeg lag luam thiab cov neeg pej xeem tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog lwm qhov kev pom zoo ntawm lub siab lub siab. Xyoo 1973, Linus Pauling Medical Science Institute hauv Palo Alto tau tsim, qhov chaw Pauling tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm. Xyoo 1979, hauv kev koom tes nrog ib tus npoj yaig Pauling luam tawm phau ntawv thib ob - "Cancer thiab Vitamin C", uas nws ntseeg tau tab sis, alas, ib yam li unsubstantiated tias vitamin C yog ib qho tshuaj zoo heev rau kev tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav, ob qho tib si tiv thaiv. ntsuas thiab thaum muaj mob. Phau ntawv no kuj tau yuav ntau lab luam. Qhov tu siab tshaj plaws yog nws pib ua phem. Qee cov neeg mob, piv txwv li, tam sim no tso tseg kev kho mob thiab phais, nyiam cov txheej txheem tsis zoo thiab txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tsib grams (Pauling's pom zoo koob tshuaj) ntawm ascorbic acid ib hnub twg. Thiab nws yog ib qho yog tias cov vitamins hauv cov koob tshuaj nees tau qaug cawv los ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv feem ntau: tsis zoo li cov rog-soluble vitamin A lossis, hais, D, vitamin C dissolves hauv dej thiab yooj yim tawm ntawm lub cev, yog li nws cov tshuaj ntau dhau tsis txaus ntshai.

Thiab yog tias mob?

Cov kws kho mob tawm tsam

"Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no ntawm 980 tus neeg mob khaub thuas, peb tsis pom muaj pov thawj tias vitamin C muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lub sijhawm lossis qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob ua pa." Donald Cowen, Harold Deal, Abe Baker - University of Minnesota

Kev tsis lees paub cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm kev kho mob ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav noj "ascorbic therapy" tsis qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm lawv tus mob. Thiab ces, nws zoo nkaus li, lo lus "charlatan" sounded thawj zaug. Tab sis Pauling tsis xav nres. Nws tau tsim thiab tsim txoj kev xav ntawm cov tshuaj orthomolecular, uas nws txhais tau tias yog "txoj cai molecules nyob rau hauv qhov yog." Cov vitamins, amino acids, minerals thiab bioactive tshuaj, raws li txoj kev xav no, tuaj yeem kho txhua yam ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws mus rau HIV. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nrhiav cov koob tshuaj zoo rau ib tus neeg mob. Thiab yog, theoretically - txawm muab immortality. Txawm hais tias Pauling tsis mus deb ntawm nws cov lus cog tseg, nws cov neeg txhawb nqa thiab cov neeg ua raws, uas feem ntau yog cov neeg sau xov xwm thiab tsuas yog saib xyuas pej xeem, ua rau nws.

Ntxuav kom txawj ntse

Qhov nyuaj ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov nyuaj dua rau refute ib unproven version dua los ua pov thawj nws. Thiab qhov laj thawj "Koj tau qhov twg, koj ruam?" nyob rau hauv Pauling cov ntaub ntawv, nws tsis ua hauj lwm: tus txiv leej tub muaj ib tug thawj lub koob npe nrov uas muaj hwj chim heev. Zoo, muaj kev pom zoo, thiab koj yeej tsis tso tseg. Lub loosening tseem tab tom mus, tab sis tam sim no nws twb muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias: "Pauling, koj tsis yog lawm." Ntau thiab ntev kev soj ntsuam tsis pom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj noj thiab lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov kws kho mob v. “Tsis muaj pov thawj tshawb fawb txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntxiv cov vitamin ntxiv.

Qhov kev xav tias cov vitamins tsis ua mob rau tib neeg yog qhov tsim nyog rov los saib dua. "Dr. B. Cabalerro, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Chaw rau Tib Neeg Khoom Noj Khoom Haus ntawm Bloomberg Tsev Kawm Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv tau qhia tias "kev siv cov tshuaj multivitamin npaj siv tsis cuam tshuam rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob plawv thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tuag ntawm cov poj niam tom qab yug me nyuam. " Lwm pab pawg ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau koom nrog hauv qhov ntswg qhov ntswg. HIV yog qhov thib peb. Kev puas siab puas ntsws thaum yau yog qhov thib plaub. Lwm yam Pua pua thiab phav phav ntawm kev tswj xyuas ntawm kaum ob ntawm cov tshuaj thiab ntau pua kab mob. Forrest Bennett, ib tug ntawm cov neeg koom nrog "kev ntxuav loj", ib tug tswv cuab ntawm American Academy of Pediatrics (American Academy of Pediatrics), tau hais tias: ntau qhov kev txiav txim siab los ntawm lub qab nthab."

Pauling tuag nyob rau hauv 1994, tau tswj kom thaum kawg txaus siab rau nws raws li ib tug psycho txawv txav nyob rau hauv lub scientific voj voog thiab ib tug huab cua ntawm adoration ntawm tsawg thov pej xeem. Thiab nws tsis paub yuav ua li cas ntau xyoo ntxiv nws yuav siv sij hawm los ntxias cov pej xeem kom tsis txhob noj cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv cov khoom tsis txaus ntseeg. Piv txwv li, raws li US Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research, nyob rau hauv 2004, 3% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tau noj cov vitamins ntau heev. Thiab qhov no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, vim tias txawm tias dej-soluble vitamins tuaj yeem coj tus kheej mus rau hypervitaminosis, ua rau, ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li mob plawv, ntshav siab, thrombophlebitis, daim siab toxicosis, spontaneous abortions thiab fetal malformations ntawm cov poj niam, gout, jaundice thiab lwm yam..

Tam sim no koj ua dab tsi?

Cov kws kho mob tawm tsam

"Lub tswv yim ntawm multivitamin npaj tau muag rau Asmeskas los ntawm cov tuam txhab nutraceutical. Tsis muaj pov thawj kev tshawb fawb los txhawb lawv txoj kev siv. "Stephen Nissen, Lub taub hau ntawm Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic

Yuav kom nkag siab tias yog, cov vitamins yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, peb lub cev yeej tsis paub yuav ua li cas los tsim lawv tus kheej, sib nrug los ntawm ob peb ntawm cov feem ntau hnyav. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias peb xav tau heev, tsawg heev ntawm lawv. Muab kev noj zaub mov ntau txaus, koj tuaj yeem hnov qab txog cov vitamin thiab ntxhia complexes, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, koj tsis tas yuav coj lawv rau hauv tes, txawm tias koj tus kws kho mob hauv zos tau pom zoo rau koj. Tsis yog, tsis yog, peb tsis liam koj tus kws kho mob hauv zos ntawm kev ua txhaum cai nrog rau cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus. Nws tsuas yog, nrog rau qib siab ntawm qhov tshwm sim, nws loj hlob thiab kawm nyob rau lub sijhawm thaum Pauling lub npe tau txais kev xav, thiab cov koob tshuaj loj ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals uas nws tau pom zoo tseem tsis tau lees paub tias yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb.