Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom qhov zais cia ntawm ladybug's folding tis

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Tokyo tau tuaj yeem nthuav tawm qhov zais cia ntawm folding hind tis ntawm ladybirds, tau pom tias tsis yog tsuas yog kev kawm zoo "hydraulic tsav" nrog lub mesh ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tab sis kuj yog lub elytra nrog lub plab, yog. koom ncaj qha rau hauv cov txheej txheem no.

Cov kws tshawb fawb cov haujlwm tau tshaj tawm hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm National Academy of Sciences thiab tau sau tseg ntawm Phys.org.

Ladybugs muaj peev xwm, thaum taug kev ntawm lawv ko taw, tuav lawv tis compactly nyob rau hauv nruj elytra los tiv thaiv lawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Yog tias tsim nyog tshem tawm, lub nraub qaum webbed tis nthuav dav hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.1 vib nas this. Cov txheej txheem no yog to taub zoo, vim hais tias ladybugs tsa lub elytra ua ntej nthuav lawv tis.

Lub membranous hind tis ntawm beetles nyob rau hauv lub elytra yog folded zoo li origami thiab yog nkag los ntawm ib tug network ntawm cov hlab ntsha filling nrog kua. Ua ntej takeoff, tus ladybug tsa lub elytra thiab strains cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub thib peb thoracic segment, ua rau cov kua siab nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub tis ya. Yog li ntawd, lub elasticity ntawm cov hlab ntsha nce thiab tis expands.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau pom meej txog cov txheej txheem ntawm folding tis. Qhov tseeb yog tias tom qab tsaws, tus ladybug folds lub elytra thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd pib thim rov qab tis, nquag pab nws lub plab. Qhov nruab nrab, beetles siv sijhawm li ob feeb los quav lawv cov tis ya.

Txhawm rau kawm txog qhov folding ntawm tis, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv xya-spotted ladybird (Coccinella septempunctata). Nws muaj ib feem ntawm nws txoj cai nruj elytra tshem tawm. Tom qab ntawd, qhov chaw tshem tawm tau siv los ua ib qho cuab yeej los tsim ib daim qauv ntawm cov ntshiab UV-kho tau acrylic resin. Ib daim ntawv acrylic ntawm elytra tau muab tso rau hauv qhov seem ntawm tus ladybug elytra.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb sai ntawm cov kab, thiab kuj tau kawm ib qho chaw deb ntawm lub elytra nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom. Nws muab tawm hais tias sab hauv ntawm lub elytron muaj ib tug nyem sib xws rau cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub tis ya. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub elytron muaj ib hom "Velcro" - thaj chaw npog nrog cov bristles me tshaj plaws uas tuav lub tis folded.

Zoo sib xws "Velcro" yog nyob rau sab sauv ntawm lub plab mog. Nws muab tawm hais tias tom qab tsaws, tus ladybug folds lub elytra, thiab ces pib zawm thiab straighten lub plab mog. Lub sijhawm no, lub siab hauv cov hlab ntsha txo qis. Thaum thawj zawm ntawm lub plab, cov hlab ntsha haum rau hauv qhov sib txuam recesses ntawm sab hauv ntawm elytron.

Tom qab so ntawm lub plab, nws swb nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub hind tis. Tom qab ntawd tus ladybug rov strain lub plab, uas, nruj nreem, khaws cov tis thiab khi lawv nyob rau hauv lub elytra. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub pob tshab daim nyias nyias ntawm cov hlab ntsha ua raws li cov kev taw qhia thaum folding lub tis.

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb sau tseg, tsis zoo li origami nws tus kheej, tis ntawm ladybug tsis quav ntsej ntawm cov ces kaum ntse, tab sis theej curl. Vim li no, lawv lub zog txhua yam yuav raug khaws cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib tw ua rau nws ua tau kom tsis txhob kinking ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv sib tshooj vim deformation.

Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev cog lus thiab so lub plab, tus ladybug ua tiav folding ntawm lub hind tis nyob rau hauv lub elytra. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov folded elastic tis pib ua raws li hom compressed springs. Thaum lub elytra raug tsa, lawv sab hauv tsis tau cling rau lub hind tis thiab lawv, zoo li lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, pib ncaj tawm. Cov txheej txheem kis tau yog tom qab khaws los ntawm "hydraulics".

Cov kws tshawb fawb Nyij Pooj ntseeg tias kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab folding tis ntawm ladybirds thiab lwm cov kab yuav pom cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem folding rau ntau yam khoom siv, los ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab satellite kav hlau txais xov mus rau tis ntawm lub dav hlau deck.

Tam sim no, tsis muaj cov txheej txheem rau folding thiab nthuav tawm lub tis zoo ib yam li cov kab. Cov txheej txheem siv nyob rau hauv lawj aircraft yog ib txheej ntawm hydraulic drives thiab xauv. Lub tis ntawm ib lub dav hlau cab kuj nyob ntawm qee qhov deb ntawm nws cov hauv paus hniav muaj pob khawm-loop quav.

Cov twj tso kua mis tshwj xeeb, tso siab rau hauv lub tshuab hydraulic, yuam kom tsav lub tshuab kom nthuav tawm lossis quav lub tis. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm heev, lub tis yog tsau. Lub tis foldable yog siv rau ntawm lub dav hlau decked kom txuag tau qhov chaw kom lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv hangars lossis lawj chaw nres tsheb.

Nyob rau lub Ob Hlis thaum ntxov xyoo no, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm NASA thiab Brigham Young University tau nthuav tawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob foldable tsim kom txias me me lub ntiaj teb satellites. Qhov no radiator folds thiab unfolds zoo li origami. Cov cuab yeej yuav tswj cov theem ntawm cov cua sov hloov los ntawm kev kho qhov tob ntawm lub folds: qhov siab dua nws yog, qhov kub ntau lub cuab yeej yuav nqus.