Video: Lavxias teb sab lus yog lub hlwb tawg rau cov neeg txawv teb chaws
2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06
Mikhailo Vasilievich Lomonosov sau nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv:
"Charles V, tus huab tais Roman, tau hais tias nws tsim nyog hais lus Mev nrog Vajtswv, Fabkis nrog phooj ywg, German nrog yeeb ncuab, thiab Italian nrog poj niam txiv neej, tab sis yog nws txawj lus Lavxias, ces, Yog lawm, nws xav tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau lawv tham nrog txhua tus, vim lawv yuav pom nyob rau hauv nws qhov zoo nkauj ntawm lus Mev, kev ua neej nyob ntawm Fabkis, lub zog ntawm German, rhiab ntawm Italian, ntxiv rau, kev nplua nuj. thiab muaj zog brevity ntawm cov lus Greek thiab Latin hauv cov duab."
Ah, qhov nyuaj Lavxias no! Peb, cov neeg hais lus ntawm cov lus no, feem ntau tsis pom nws cov teeb meem, qhov tsis zoo, uas qee zaum cuam tshuam cov neeg txawv teb chaws uas tsuas yog paub txog cov hauv paus ntawm "zoo thiab muaj zog" !.
Nco ntsoov Pushkin's Eugene Onegin?
Nws tsis paub Russian zoo, Kuv tsis tau nyeem peb cov ntawv xov xwm, Thiab qhia nws tus kheej nrog kev nyuaj
Hauv koj hom lus, Yog li, kuv sau ua lus Fab Kis …"
Qhov no yog hais txog tib tsab ntawv rau Onegin, uas nws kawm los ntawm lub plawv ntawm tsev kawm ntawv.
Tab sis lub sij hawm hloov - yog li yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no, Lavxias teb sab yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau hais lus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no; nws yog cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no Languages Club, uas, ntxiv rau Lavxias teb sab, muaj xws li lus Askiv, Fabkis, Arabic, Suav (Mandarin dialect) thiab Spanish.
Nov yog qee qhov "oddities" ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus.
1. Cov tsiaj ntawv Lavxias yog qhov txawv ntawm nws tus kheej. Qee cov ntawv hauv nws zoo ib yam li hauv Latin, tab sis lwm tus zoo tib yam, tab sis suab txawv kiag li. Thiab ob tsab ntawv ntxiv - "b" thiab "b" - tsis muaj lawv lub suab, vim li cas lawv xav tau txhua?
2. Tsab ntawv "E" tuaj yeem sawv cev rau ob lub suab sib txawv: [ye] thiab [yo]. Ntawd yog, rau [yo] muaj ib tsab ntawv, E, tab sis ob lub ntsiab lus no yuav luag tsis sau, yog li nws hloov tsis tau E, tab sis E. Koj tuaj yeem tsis meej pem.
3. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab, lo lus "neeg ua hauj lwm" yog tsis siv lawm, yog li ntawd Lavxias teb sab yog sab laug yam tsis muaj ib lo lus tshwj xeeb - ib qho kev thov rau lwm tus neeg los yog pab pawg neeg. Qee lub sij hawm koj tuaj yeem hnov "poj niam thiab txiv neej", tab sis nws suab me ntsis pretentious thiab unnatural, ib tug pej xeem - officially. Tib neeg siv tau lo lus "txiv neej, poj niam", tab sis qhov no yog me ntsis tsis meej. Tshaj li 20 xyoo dhau los, cov neeg Lavxias tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas hais txog lwm tus neeg, yog li nyob rau txhua qhov xwm txheej lawv xaiv qhov chaw nyob uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
4. Cov lus qhia "ua" tsis yog siv rau lub sijhawm tam sim no. Tab sis yav tom ntej thiab yav dhau los nws yog siv.
5. Lo lus txiav txim hauv Lavxias yog dawb, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias koj tuaj yeem sau cov lus raws li koj xav tau. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus tuaj yeem nyob ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov lus. Piv txwv li, "Kuv mus tsev" tsuas yog txhais tau tias "Kuv mus tsev" (txawm hais tias, ntawm chav kawm, ntau nyob ntawm intonation), tab sis "Kuv mus tsev" txhais tau hais tias "Kuv mus tsev, thiab tsis yog lwm qhov. "… Thiab "Kuv mus tsev" txhais tau tias "nws yog kuv tus uas mus tsev, tsis yog koj thiab tsis yog lwm tus. Tag nrho cov so nyob ntawm no thiab ua haujlwm! " Yog li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov lus hauv Lavxias nyob ntawm seb koj xav hais dab tsi.
6. Txhawm rau tig ib kab lus rau hauv cov lus nug dav dav, koj tsis tas yuav hloov dab tsi hlo li, tsuas yog intonation xwb. "Koj nyob tsev." Yog ib nqe lus, tab sis "Koj nyob hauv tsev?" - twb muaj lus nug.
7. Cov naj npawb 1 thiab 2 muaj ib tug poj niam los txiv neej, cov tsis muaj: ib tug tub, ib tug ntxhais, ob tug ntxhais, ob tug tub, tab sis peb cov tub thiab peb cov ntxhais.
8. Tus naj npawb 1 muaj ntau tus lej (ib qho).
9. Yav tas los cov lus qhia muaj ib tug poj niam los txiv neej, tab sis tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej lawv tsis. Nws ua si, nws ua si, nws ua si, nws ua si.
10. Cov npe Lavxias muaj "kev ua yeeb yam"! Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qee lub npe "animate" raug suav tias muaj sia nyob ntau dua li tsis muaj sia. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, "Tuag" yog suav hais tias tseem ciaj sia tshaj "lub cev tuag": ib tug neeg yog ib tug neeg tuag, tab sis dab tsi yog ib tug corpse.
11. Ib lo lus ob tsab ntawv uas koj tuaj yeem ua 8 yuam kev - zaub qhwv kua zaub. Lavxias teb sab Empress Catherine lub Great, thaum tseem yog German ntxhais fuabtais Sophie, sau lo lus Lavxias teb sab yooj yim "cab kua zaub" zoo li no: "schtschi", thiab cov no yog 8 tsab ntawv, tag nrho cov uas tsis yog lawm!
12. Tsib tus tsiaj ntawv, mus ua kab D E E F ua kab lus: "Tus hedgehog nyob qhov twg?"
13. Ib kab lus ua tiav tiav tuaj yeem muaj qee qhov lus qhia, piv txwv li: "Peb zaum thiab txiav txim siab xa mus yuav dej haus."
14 Thiab yuav piav li cas rau ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws hais tias: "Tom qab ib tug xuab zeb scythe, ib tug lop-eared scythe poob rau hauv ib tug ntse scythe ntawm ib tug poj niam nrog ib tug scythe."
15. Thiab lwm yam lus "tawg" rau ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws:
- Puas muaj dej haus?
- Tsis muaj dej haus, tsis muaj.
16. Thiab nws txhais li cas: "Nqe noj tsis tau noj"? Nws yog qhov yooj yim: qeeb heev (nqhis) qee cov ntoo tau noj (piv txwv li noj) lwm tsob ntoo.
Los yog qhov no:
17. Cov neeg txawv teb chaws xav tsis thoob li cas "tes tsis ncav kom pom".
18. Kuv oversalted lub borscht thiab overdid nrog ntsev - tib yam.
19. Thiab koj ua li cas:
20. Yuav ua li cas txog qhov no (nyeem sai):
Raws li rzeluattas, Ilsseovadny odongo anligysokgo unviertiseta, nws tsis muaj nyob, muaj bkuvs hauv solva hauv kokam pryokda. Galvone, chotby preavya thiab pslloendya bkwuy blyi on msete. Osatlyne bkuvy mgout seldovt nyob rau hauv ib tug ploonm bsepordyak, txhua yam yog torn tkest chtaitseya tsis wandering. Pichriony egoto yog tias peb tsis chiate txhua hnub, tab sis txhua yam yog solvo.
Tam sim no nyeem tib kab lus maj mam. Xav tsis thoob?
Professor ntawm Philology:
- Muab piv txwv ntawm cov lus nug kom cov lus teb zoo li tsis kam lees, thiab tib lub sijhawm zoo li kev pom zoo.
Tub kawm:
- Nws yog qhov yooj yim! "Koj puas yuav haus vodka?" - "Auj, tawm mus!"
Pom zoo:
Cov zaub mov txawv txawv thiab txawv txawv ntawm cov neeg me ntawm Russia sab qaum teb
Ntau tus neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw nruab nrab lossis thaj tsam yav qab teb ntawm Russia xav txog sab qaum teb raws li qee yam ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov kawg ntawm kev nthuav dav, qhov twg tsuas yog Chukchi roaming ntawm mos lwj nyob. Qhov tseeb, thaj av no muaj yeeb yuj thiab ntau yam. Ib yam li 40 haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg uas nyob hauv nws. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj lawv tus kheej kev lis kev cai, kab lis kev cai, rituals, raws li zoo raws li ib hom ntawm sab qaum teb cuisine
Cov duab qub qub ntawm teb chaws Africa yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, thiab nyob rau xyoo 19th lub teb chaws no yog qhov chaw dawb
Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm cartography, muaj xws li ib tug paradox: muaj xyaum tsis muaj "blanks" nyob rau hauv lub ntxov maps ntawm lub 16-17th centuries. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov neeg tshawb nrhiav me me hauv Asia, Amelikas, Africa yog npog nrog ntau cov ntawv sau thiab cov duab ntawm ntau lub nroog, lub tebchaws, roob thiab cov dej ntws. Thaum peb los ze zog rau peb lub sij hawm, cov pob dawb tshwm
Cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws puas yuav pab tau peb? Txawv teb chaws peev myths
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev nqis peev txawv teb chaws yog ib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv peb cov xov xwm. Thaum xws li kev nqis peev yog dej nyab rau hauv Russia, peb cov neeg sau xov xwm
Cov tub rog txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws
Tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm hauv lawv lub tebchaws, cov tub ceev xwm no tau mus rau thaj chaw uas tsis paub txog Russia, uas muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau lawv cov txuj ci thiab lub peev xwm
Cov neeg Lavxias uas rho nyiaj mus rau cov tuam txhab offshore thiab cov txhab nyiaj txawv teb chaws yog cov neeg Yudais los ntawm kev txhais
Cov oligarchs tau tig cov peev nyiaj ntawm Russia mus rau hauv lub thoob tag nrho ntawm qhov, los ntawm qhov uas yog poured rau hauv nws tas li ntws. Tsoomfwv Lavxias tau pom ib txoj hauv kev yuav ua li cas txhawm rau nce cov nyiaj tau los rau hauv cov peev nyiaj tsis txaus no. Los ntawm kev tsa lub hnub nyoog so haujlwm ntawm Russians, ntau tus neeg tam sim no yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm kom txog thaum tuag