Cov txheej txheem:

Aqueducts - megaliths
Aqueducts - megaliths

Video: Aqueducts - megaliths

Video: Aqueducts - megaliths
Video: The Cossacks (Leo Tolstoy) - Unabridged Audiobook 2024, Tej zaum
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Rau qee qhov laj thawj, kuv tsis tau hnov tias leej twg tsis ntseeg tias lub pas dej tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg thaum ub tsis muaj tsheb. Kuv tus kheej tsis ua xyem xyav qhov no, vim kuv xav tias cov aqueducts me me thiab muaj cov cib me me txuas nrog cov cement. Tab sis, cas ho ntes tau cov duab thiab kuv doubted.

Piv txwv li, lub pas dej loj "Pont du Garde" (lossis yooj yim Pondyugar):

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cov duab yog clickable!

Wikipedia:

Yog tias nws tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg Loos, ces yog vim li cas tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem - cement? Tom qab tag nrho, cov neeg Loos ib txwm siv mortar los tsim cov khoom loj. Tab sis tsuas yog cov neeg tsis paub tseeb uas tsis yog Loos tsis tau siv txoj kev daws teeb meem. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub loj tshaj plaws ancient megaliths - nyob rau hauv Baalbek, Pyramid Egypt, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Mexico, Machu Picchu thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws Amelikas, qhov twg muaj yeej tsis muaj Loos

Koj yuav xav tsis thoob, tab sis lo lus "cement" nws tus kheej yog Latin (kos tsawg kawg ntawm Wikipedia, yog tias koj tsis ntseeg nws)! Latin yog hom lus ntawm cov neeg Loos thaum ub, yog leej twg tsis paub

Nov yog lwm yam nthuav:

Qee qhov chaw qhia tias qhov loj tshaj plaws blocks hnyav 6 tons. Piv txwv ntawm no Cia peb kuaj seb qhov no puas ua tau? Tom qab tag nrho, qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog 6-tuj blocks tsis loj.

Ntawm no yog ib daim duab uas koj tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov loj ntawm cov blocks sib piv nrog tus neeg:

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Lub kaum pob zeb muaj qhov pom qhov ntev - ib nrab ntawm qhov siab, 2 meters hauv qhov ntev thiab 1 meter dav. Ntxiv mus, qhov ntim ntawm qhov thaiv yog 1 cubic meter. Qhov ceev ntawm pob zeb yog nyob rau nruab nrab 2.6 tons ib cubic meter. Ntawd yog, cov blocks no yog kwv yees li 2.5 tons txhua. Yog li qee qhov zoo tuaj yeem yog 6 tons. Thiab muaj ntau txhiab tus blocks ntawm 2 mus rau 6 tons. Yog, qhov siab ntawm ib lub tsev siab heev. Thiab tsis muaj cement nruab nrab ntawm cov blocks!

Txoj kab nqes ntawm cov kav dej tsuas yog 34 cm ib kilometer (1: 3000), thiab nws nqis los tsuas yog 17 meters vertically rau nws qhov ntev ntawm 50 km. Koj tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov nqes me ntsis ntawm 0.03% los ntawm cov blocks loj li cas?

Los ntawm txoj kev, cov blocks protruding los ntawm phab ntsa saum npoo zoo ib yam li cov blocks protruding hauv Machu Picchu (thiab lwm yam khoom megalithic):

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Quarries kuj txawv heev, los ntawm ntau-tuj cib tau mined rau Pondyugar aqueduct. Txhua phab ntsa ntawm txoj haujlwm raug txiav ntau heev. YUAV UA LI CAS TSIS TAU TXAIS CARS? Thiab yog vim li cas?

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Them mloog mus rau qhov siab ntawm ib feem ntawm lub chaw txua txiag zeb txiav nyob rau hauv ib tug poob swoop - txog 2 tib neeg qhov siab, uas yog, 3-4 meters, thiab tsis muaj ib tug ib feem ntawm ib tug txheej ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov pob zeb. Ib nrab ib 'meter', piv txwv li. Txawm li cas los xij, cov blocks ntawm cov kav dej yog hais txog ib nrab ib meter tuab.

Thiab ntawm no yog li cas cov neeg keeb kwm keeb kwm kos lub pob zeb hauv qhov chaw txua txiag zeb hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob ze ntawm lub pas dej:

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Diam duab coj los ntawm no thiab muaj nws tshwm sim los ntawm no

Raws li koj tau pom, lawv xav tias, liam tias, nyob rau hauv lub chaw txua txiag zeb, lub pob zeb tau mined los ntawm ib nrab-meter cov kauj ruam. Txheej los ntawm txheej. Uas yuav sib haum mus rau lub possibilities ntawm phau ntawv ua hauj lwm thiab primitive lifting mechanisms. Tab sis, qhov tseeb, tsis muaj cov kauj ruam pom ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb. Nws raug txiav tawm ib zaug mus rau ntau qhov siab ntawm tib neeg.

Kuj them sai sai rau qhov nyem ntawm qhov chaw trimmed. Pruning yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv txoj kab ncaj nraim ob peb meters ntev thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug tas li kauj ruam ntawm txog 5 centimeters.

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Pom tseeb, qee lub tshuab muaj zog tau ua haujlwm, tho lub pob zeb nrog qee yam chisel lossis saw. Reciprocating motion, tsis yog ib tug loj loj ncig pom. Lub voj saw yuav polish saum npoo es tsis tawm txawm tias grooves.

Thaum txiav los ntawm txhais tes nrog rauj thiab chisel, lub strips yuav luv luv - nws yog ob peb millimeters mus rau ob peb centimeters.

them rau sab hauv txoj cai kaum hauv kev ua haujlwm:

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Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau lub kaum sab xis sab hauv thiaj li tsis muaj machining? Thiab yog vim li cas - qhov no yog chaw txua txiag zeb, tsis yog lub facade ntawm lub palace.

Muaj ib tug dime ib lub kaum ob li ces kaum:

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Nov yog lub npe hu ua "quarry house":

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Tau txais los ntawm no

Ntawm no yog qhov ze-up ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw txua txiag zeb:

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Tau txais los ntawm no - qhov no yog nplooj ntawv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb niaj hnub no, tab sis nplooj ntawv no tau mob siab rau keeb kwm ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb thiab nws hais hauv Fab Kis tias cov no yog cov cim ntawm mining los ntawm cov neeg Loos thaum ub.

Niaj hnub no tseem muaj ib lub chaw txua txiag zeb niaj hnub no. Ntawm no yog ib qho ntawm nws qhov chaw - muaj ob peb daim duab ntawm niaj hnub pob zeb mining tshuab.

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Ntawd yog, lub tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav qhia tsis yog rau cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ntawm pob zeb mining, tab sis rau cov niaj hnub siv rau kev siv tes ua haujlwm:

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Thiab ntawm no yog lub tshuab sawing nws tus kheej hauv txoj haujlwm no:

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Thiab qhov peb pom - raws nraim li cas los ntawm cov ancients nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej - lub pob zeb yog mined nyob rau hauv me me cov kauj ruam, thiab tag nrho cov theem no yog pom nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb! Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab laug hauv daim duab kawg.

Ntawm no yog ib tug schematic sawv cev ntawm niaj hnub zeb sawing tshuab:

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Tej zaum tib lub chaw txua txiag zeb siv nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, vim hais tias cov phab ntsa yog li ntawd? Tsis muaj. Ua ntej, pawg neeg ncig tebchaws yuav tsis raug coj mus rau qhov chaw txua txiag zeb niaj hnub. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj xyuas cov chaw tsim kho niaj hnub no. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias txawm tias cov pob zeb thaiv ntawm cov kav dej kuj tseem raug txiav nrog tib lub striped nyem:

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Thiab ntawm qhov thaiv tom ntej, cov kauj ruam ntawm khawb yog tsawg dua li ib txwm:

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Nov yog cov kauj ruam ib txwm:

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tag nrho cov duab yog clickable.

(Daim duab kawg yog tig 90 degrees kom yooj yim). Ntawd yog, tag nrho cov blocks no yog ib feem ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb.

Lwm qhov laj thawj rau qhov tseeb tias qhov no yog qhov chaw txua txiag zeb thaum ub yog qhov sib txuam nrog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom txiav hauv cov chaw txua txiag zeb hauv Baalbek:

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Daim duab kawg kuj qhia tau hais tias muaj ntau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw ntawm megalith nrog ib kauj ruam ntawm ob peb centimeters.

Cov no yog cov phab ntsa ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb. Thiab ntawm no yog qhov saum npoo ntawm megalith muab rho tawm los ntawm chaw txua txiag zeb. Drumroll….

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Tus kws tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub npe menyuam yaus vaduhan-08 pom cov kab tib yam ntawm lub ntiaj teb tawg loj tshaj plaws Aswan obelisk hauv Egypt:

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Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kuv tsis txhais hais tias loj furrows txog ib nrab ib 'meter' dav, tab sis me me kab txaij.

Nov yog qhov ze-ups ntawm cov furrows (Kuv tig daim duab 90 degrees):

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Daim duab kawg qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom xuas tes ua ntawm sab laug thiab qee qhov kev xyaum ua haujlwm siab.

Nov yog qhov kev txhaj tshuaj loj dua:

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Tib yam nyem ntawm qhov txheej txheem ntawm lub qhov tsua Inkerman thaum ub nyob rau hauv Crimea:

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nyem rau kom loj, txwv tsis pub cov kab yuav nyuaj rau pom

Nws hloov tawm hais tias tib cov cim tseem tshuav los ntawm kev xyaum niaj hnub:

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Uryaya!

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Uryaya!

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Uryaya!

(Tau los ntawm no

Ancient furrows tsis txawv dua li niaj hnub, vim huab cua tau ua rau lawv ntau txhiab xyoo.

Yog li, feem ntau yuav, qhov no yog lub ntsis ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav ntawm ancients. Nyob ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov duab, trajectory ntawm kev txav thiab qhov ceev ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub taub hau tig thiab qhov loj ntawm cov spikes, cov qauv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov grooves tuaj yeem nyob ntawm lub pob zeb.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem khawb granite furrows los ntawm tes.

Nov yog tib cov hneev taw rau ntawm qhov chaw loj heev ntawm Longyu grottoes hauv Suav teb, pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th:

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Muaj lwm qhov chaw txua txiag zeb qub hauv Fab Kis, Bibemus. Nws zoo ib yam nyob ntawd:

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Ntau cov kab tsis cuam tshuam txog li ob peb meters. Ntawm no yog ib daim duab ze-up:

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Tau txais los ntawm no

Ntau nthuav views:

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Qee tus txiv neej peb ntiv tes hauv no heev Bibemus. Nws yog nthuav tias nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm txog Pondyugar ib tug neeg Yuri Semenov sau:

Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis txuas ib daim duab ntawm hare. Tej zaum ib tug yuav nrhiav tau nws? Tab sis obviously qhov no yog ib tug thiab tib lub hare.

Nov yog ob peb daim duab ntxiv los ntawm Bibemus:

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Ntawm no yog qhov ze ntawm cov blocks ntawm Aqueduct hauv Segovia (Spain), qhov uas tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov cement yog pom meej meej, zoo li hauv txhua qhov megaliths:

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Duab los ntawm no

Cov dej hauv dej no muaj cov blocks me dua Pondyugar - txog ib nrab ntawm ib 'meter' tuab thiab txog ib 'meter' ntev. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab ntawm ib sab ntawm cov poj niam:

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Raws li, qhov hnyav ntawm cov blocks no yog los ntawm 500 kg rau ib tuj.

Yuav ua li cas nws yog tsim nyog los tsa cov megablocks mus rau qhov siab ntawm 10-16-storey tsev. Thiab tom qab ntawd qhov thaiv no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw - txoj cai ntawm ib sab ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze. Thiab koj yuav tsum tsiv mus nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub hauv qab block. Thiab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom lub siab thiab nyias tsis ruaj tsis khov tsis stagger. Txwv tsis pub, txhua yam yuav poob zoo li lub tsev ntawm daim npav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub thaiv yuav tsum raug thawb nrog lub zog loj heev kom nws snuggles nruj nreem tiv thaiv cov neeg nyob ze yam tsis muaj qhov sib txawv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov no ntawm qhov hnyav, txij li thaum ntawd koj tsis tuaj yeem rub txoj hlua tawm ntawm hauv qab ntawm ntau-tuj thaiv. Ntau txhiab qhov kawg ntawm txoj hlua tsis lo tawm hauv qab cov blocks.

Nov yog qhov layout ntawm cov blocks ntawm ntau qib:

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Ntawm no nws yog tag nrho:

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cov duab yog clickable

Nov yog txhua yam uas tau sau txog nws hauv Lavxias Wikipedia rau hnub no:

Qhov ntawd yog tag nrho cov lus. Vespasian nyob 2000 xyoo dhau los!!!

Txoj kab nqes ntawm cov dej hauv dej no tseem tsis tau pom - 1%. Nws tseem tsis paub meej tias yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv nws yam tsis muaj kev ntsuas niaj hnub?

Daim ntawv ntawm AQUEDUKS tsis ruaj khov, qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv PYRAMIDS

LUB PYRAMIDS yog qhov ruaj khov - dav hauv qab thiab nqaim saum toj no. YOG LEEJ TWG PAUB TIAS. AQUEDUKS siab thiab nqaim. Kwv yees li ib lub plywood sawv ntawm sab los yog lub board muaj xws li UNGLUED CUBES. Nov yog CARD HOUSE!

THIAB LUB SIJ HAWM ntawm AQUEDUKS los ntawm Roob mus rau Roob Pua pua ntawm 'meter' thiab KILOMETERS. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov AQUEDUK tsis ncaj thiab nkhaus

AQUEDUKS sawv hauv roob SEISMOACTIVE HAUJ LWM. Thiab lawv sawv muaj nyob rau ntawm OFFICIAL VERSION ntawm ib txhiab xyoo, thiab nyob rau hauv lub unofficial version - MILLIONS

Lawv, zoo li Ancient MEGALITES, muaj ntau qhov square qhov ntawm qhov tsis paub tseeb:

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Xav paub ntau ntxiv:

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Rau cov neeg uas tsis paub, Kuv tab tom txuas ob peb daim duab los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb nrog cov qhov.

Qhov no yog underground Yeluxalees:

Qhov no tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau cov neeg Loos, txawm tias nyob rau hauv kev xav ntawm cov neeg sau keeb kwm. Vim hais tias ntawm qhov tob no, kev tsim kho tau ua tiav ntau txhiab xyoo ua ntej cov neeg Loos.

Thiab nyob rau hauv no megalith, fossilized boards lo tawm.

Cov paintings ntawm medieval kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim depict lub ruins ntawm lub majestic vaj tse ntawm ib tug uas ploj lawm civilization. Anatoly Venustov pom nyob rau hauv cov lus hais tias ib co ntawm cov kos duab kuj piav txog ib co txawv txawv ntoo qauv daig nyob rau hauv pob zeb blocks, feem ntau yuav nyob rau hauv cov mysterious qhov chaw:

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Saib daim duab no ntawm Ponyugar Arch:

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Nyob rau hauv lub protruding sab saum toj blocks, square qhov txuas nyob rau hauv lub block ntawm ib tug kaum sab xis ntawm kwv yees li 45 degrees, hla 2 lub ntsej muag nyob ib sab. Thiab cov laug cam los yog hlau profiles tau txuas rau hauv qhov thaiv qis.

Nov yog cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws ntawm qhov khoob rau Alexander Kem ntawm Palace Square hauv St.

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Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm ib daim duab los ntawm Auguste Montferrand, uas, raws li cov nom version, yog tus sau thiab project tus thawj coj rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub monument. Paub meej ntawm no

Nov yog daim duab tiav:

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Raws nraim tib qhov hauv Baalbek:

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Hauv Egypt (Aswan Quarry):

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Tab sis, ntawm qhov qub tshaj plaws aqueducts, kuj tseem muaj qhov puag ncig thiab tsis paub lub hom phiaj:

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Qhov no yog lub pas dej hauv Segovia. Los ntawm txoj kev, xyuam xim - lub arch rests ntawm tsis muaj dab tsi. Yog tias cov pob zeb ntawm cov qauv ntev no tau tawg los ntawm av qeeg lossis hypothermia, lub pob zeb tseem ceeb yuav poob thiab tag nrho cov qauv yuav tawg. Tab sis lub damn aqueduct no muaj 2 txhiab xyoo.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm polygonality kuj qee zaum ntsib:

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Ntawm ntau cov blocks, cov kab sib txuas kuj pom tau - cov cim los ntawm kev xyaum:

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Hmoov tsis zoo, kuv tseem tsis tau pom cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub chaw txua txiag zeb uas cov khoom siv rau Segov aqueduct tau txais los ntawm. Kuv xav tias muaj cov cim dab tsi ntawm cov phab ntsa.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub qhov txawv megalithic aqueducts mysterious los ntawm cov aqueducts uas nkag tau yooj yim rau kev siv phau ntawv. Piv txwv li, cov no yog:

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Qhov no yog Aqua Alexandrina. Ob qho tib si cement thiab cov cib zoo tib yam tau siv hauv nws qhov kev tsim kho. Wikipedia:

Qhov no yog lub xyoo pua 18th Aqueduct hauv Santiago de Queretaro (Meschica):

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Ntxiv dua thiab, tsis muaj dab tsi xav tsis thoob.

Nov yog lub xyoo pua 17th English aqueduct:

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Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi hauv qhov kev tsim no uas yog siv tsis tau rau kev siv tes ua haujlwm. Vim nws muaj cov cib zoo tib yam, txuas nrog cov cement mortar. Thiab tag nrho cov aqueducts yooj yim no (tshwj tsis yog Aqua Alexandrina) muaj hnub nyoog me me ntawm 200 - 300 xyoo. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm ancient aqueducts tau tsim, muaj xws li cov blocks loj uas hnyav los ntawm ib nrab ib tuj mus rau ob peb tons - science tsis paub. Lawv tau sau hnub tim los ntawm lub sijhawm Roman thaum ub, thiab tom qab ntawd, los ntawm cov cim qhia tsis ncaj. Yog li, lawv cov neeg tsim khoom tiag tiag tsis paub meej.

Nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis Andrei Sklyarov "The Most Baalbek", Mrs. Dudakova yws tias cov neeg sau keeb kwm qhuas txog kev tsim kho ntawm Baalbek lub megaliths rau cov neeg Loos, tab sis tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tsim kho ntawm cov qauv zoo li no, txawm hais tias, raws li nws, nyob rau hauv ancient Rome txhua yam. tau sau tseg kom meej thiab ntau qhov chaw tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no … Tab sis nws zoo ib yam nrog aqueducts. Txij li thaum lawv tsis paub tseeb lawv lub hnub nyoog, nws txhais tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lawv cov kev tsim kho tsis tau pom.

Nws zoo ib yam nrog Egyptian pyramids. Muaj qee cov pyramids thaum ub, ua lig thiab puas ntau dua. Lwm tus yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj ntawm cov blocks loj, ua ntej nws tsis paub meej thaum twg, tab sis lawv tau khaws cia zoo dua li cov tshiab.

Nov yog lwm qhov "divine" aqueduct "Eagle" hauv Spain nrog rau hnub nyoog ntawm 2000 xyoo:

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Qhov txawv, tab sis muaj cov ntaub ntawv me me hauv Is Taws Nem txog cov dej hauv dej no. Kuv xav tau kev kaw ntawm cov blocks kom paub tias yog dab tsi. Tej zaum kuv saib tsis zoo.

Pab nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov no AQUEDUK "EAGLE"

Leej twg tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv zoo li no los ntawm kev xav txog engineering?

Leej twg ua qhov tsim nyog, feem ntau txoj kev ntsuas thiab kev suav?

Leej twg tsim cov tshuab rau kev tsim kho zoo li no?

Qhov twg ntau txhiab tus engineers, foremen thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov kev tsim nyog siab tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd los ntawm, uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo, tsis nkag siab qhov tseeb thiab ntseeg tau (tau ntau pua xyoo!) los siv cov khoom zoo li uas peb tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau niaj hnub no?

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, peb lub tsev loj loj no, nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm ntau txhiab kilometers, tau tsim yuav luag ib txhij. Thiab lawv tau tsim, raws li "cov kws tshawb fawb" qhia peb, los ntawm cov qhev thiab legionaries (tub rog). Yog li, pheej yig thiab zoo siab. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsav tsheb hauv ntau cov qhev thiab legionnaires, thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj tshaj plaws yuav loj hlob zoo li nceb tom qab los nag! Thiab peb, yog li ntse thiab kev vam meej, puas tsim tsev uas poob hauv ob peb lub xyoo? Vim li cas "Roman" legionnaires nrog cov qhev tsim cov khoom loj uas sawv ntsug rau 2000 xyoo, thaum peb cov dams tawg hauv 30-40 xyoo? Nws hloov tawm tias "Roman" legionaries (cov tub rog ib txwm muaj) ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau nkag siab tsis meej dua li niaj hnub no "tus kws tshaj lij nrog cov neeg sib tw"?

Thiab lwm lo lus nug loj tshwm sim: cov nyiaj tau los ntawm txhua qhov no? Txawm hais tias lub teb chaws Ottoman "Roman" loj npaum li cas, nws nyuaj heev rau kev ntseeg tias nws muaj peev xwm them nyiaj rau kev tsim kho cov tshuab no. Peb nyeem tias cov "Loos" tau tawm tsam txhua lub sijhawm thiab liam tias tau kov yeej ib tus neeg, thiab cov xwm txheej zoo li no raug nqi ntau rau lawv tus kheej! Txawm li cas los xij, raws li peb twb tau pom lawm, tib lub sijhawm ntau txoj kev zoo, cov nroog zoo nrog cov da dej, cov ciav dej, ua yeeb yam thiab cov tuam tsev, nrog rau lub teb chaws villas, txuas hniav thiab ntau lwm cov dej me me thiab loj hauv yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws tau kov yeej. tau raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Ottoman. Qhov twg tsis tu ncua belligerent lub teb chaws tau txais cov nyiaj rau kev tsim kho thoob ntiaj teb?

Qhov twg tsis muaj npe nrov "Roman Empire" tau txais nyiaj txiag, khoom siv thiab tib neeg cov peev txheej los ua haujlwm ib txhij, kev tsim kho loj heev hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm Tebchaws Europe? Nws tau xaiv cov neeg coob coob nyob qhov twg, thawj zaug, cov kws tshaj lij tsim nyog - cov thawj coj, cov kws tshaj lij, cov kws tshaj lij theem nrab, cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj, thiab, thib ob, legionnaires thiab cov qhev xwb? Qhov no yog dab tsi "tub rog" ib tug yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txuas ntxiv tsim cov qauv ntawm colossal complexity thiab scale thoob teb chaws Europe!

Thiab leej twg thiab dab tsi pub tag nrho cov neeg coob coob no? Leej twg saib xyuas cov qhev yog tias cov legionnaires ua haujlwm nrog kev xaiv thiab shovels?

Yog li, qhov xaus qhia nws tus kheej: nws tsis yog tsim los ntawm qhev thiab tsis yog tub rog!

Thiab ntawm no yog qhov tsawg-paub supposedly niaj hnub aqueduct, siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, Rockfavour:

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Raws li lub official version, kev tsim kho ntawm lub aqueduct yog saib xyuas los ntawm ib tug hluas 26-xyoo-laus engineer Franz tus kav nroog de Montrichet. Nws pib xyoo 1842 thiab xaus rau xyoo 1847. 5 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm high-tech, kev tsim kho ceev ntawm xws li ib tug loj heev thiab complex khoom yog kwv yees li qub. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug lub sij hawm, koj muaj peev xwm tsuas restore lub aqueducted aqueduct ua los ntawm ancient vajtswv Sklyarov.

Nws yog 393 meters ntev, 82 meters siab, thiab muaj peb kab ntawm arches. Nws tsuas yog sib tw los ntawm cov kav dej hauv Pont du Gard, uas yog 266 m ntev thiab 47 m siab, liam tias tsim los ntawm cov neeg Loos 18 centuries dhau los. Thiab nws kuj muaj 3 theem.

Txog tam sim no, kuv tsis tau pom cov ntaub ntawv seb cov cement tau siv los yog txhua yam tseem nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim? Yog leej twg paub, qhia kuv hauv cov lus.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj saib ze ntawm nws cov blocks, lawv zoo ib yam li Mesoamerican megaliths. Ntawm no yog ib daim duab ntawm lub aqueduct struts los ntawm theem av:

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Yees duab los ntawm no

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, tsoos Peruvian Machu Picchu thiab Ollantaytambo "txiv mis" ntawm pob zeb hauv lawv lub yeeb koob. Nov yog daim duab los ntawm Peru los ua kom koj nco qab:

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Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev qhib nyob rau hauv lub aqueduct txhawb nqa yog trapezoidal. Nov yog daim ntawv nyiam ntawm cov neeg tsim ntawm Machu Picchu:

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Nov yog thawj daim duab ntawm lub pas dej no, hnub tim 1861 los ntawm tus kws yees duab nto moo Eduard Baldus:

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Qhov no yog zaum thib peb uas kuv tau pom tias cov khoom nyuaj, uas yog vim tsis zoo li phau ntawv siv nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, tau tsim ua ntej thawj cov duab tshwm sim. Qhov no siv tau rau txhua lub tsev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv St. Petersburg (Alexander Kem, St. Isaac's Cathedral), Vorontsov Palace hauv Alupka (nws tau ua los ntawm cov pob zeb superhard, uas cov neeg Iyiv txawm txiav granite.

Lub ntsiab lus yog dab tsi? Peb tsis muaj cov duab uas yuav qhia tau tias cov khoom no tab tom tsim thiab tsis rov qab los. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj laj thawj kom paub tseeb tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th. Cas nws hloov tawm zoo heev uas lawv tswj los tsim lawv ua ntej cov tsos ntawm photography. Thiab qhov no siv tshwj xeeb rau cov qauv uas nyuaj dhau los tsim tsis muaj tshuab. Rau qee qhov laj thawj, kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom zoo li no tau nres nrog cov tsos ntawm cov duab.

Tab sis muaj ntau cov duab nrog kev kho dua tshiab.

Cov lus nug tshwm sim. Yog vim li cas, piv txwv li, yog lub Pondyugar aqueduct tsis suav nrog riam phom nyob rau xyoo 19th? Vim Pondyugar tsis tau siv rau kev xa dej rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab yog li ntawd tsis tau rov qab los. Thiab Roquefavour tau siv thiab yog li yuav tsum tau rov qab los rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th. Txwv tsis pub, ntau lab tus tib neeg yuav tsuas yog tso tseg yam tsis muaj dej.

Lub siab xav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas xav tsis thoob los piav qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis siab thaum ub ntawm kev ua pob zeb nrog cov niaj hnub remake tsis yog tshiab. Xib fwb Igor Davidenko yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv qhov no, tuav tib lub sijhawm txhua tus tib neeg lub ntsej muag. Paub meej ntawm no

Yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv

Saib cov duab tam sim no

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Author: Lev Khov

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