Cov txheej txheem kev kawm raws li kev imitation

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Kab lus siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Alexander Ivanov, tus qub xibfwb ntawm PetrSU.

Lub ntsiab kev lig kev cai ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Soviet yog qhia txhua leej txhua tus! Yav dhau los, tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum xeem dhau qhov kev xeem nyob rau yim qhov kev qhuab qhia thiaj li yuav tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev kawm theem nrab. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev xeem yog ntsuas qib kev paub, thiab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog coj tus menyuam kawm ntawv mus kawm, thiab tus xibfwb qhia. Yog li, txhua leej txhua tus tau txaus siab rau qhov zoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm kev paub.

Txhawm rau nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau xeem dhau kev xeem sib cais thiab kev npaj rau lawv yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb ntawm tus neeg thov nws tus kheej. Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab lawv tus kheej tau teeb tsa qib kev paub txog kev nkag mus.

Unified State Exam tau ua ke ob lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev xeem zaum kawg thiab kev taw qhia. Thiab es tsis txhob ua kom yooj yim rau npe kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nws tau tshem tawm kev kawm theem nrab hauv lub tebchaws.

Tam sim no, dab tsi tshwm sim hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsis tuaj yeem hu ua txheej txheem kev kawm, lo lus imitation yog tsim nyog ntawm no! Tam sim no cov tsev kawm ntawv tab tom xyaum ua txoj kev kawm.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo kawm ntawv, tag nrho lub teb chaws pib npaj rau kev xeem dhau ib zaug raws li kev tsov rog! Cov menyuam yaus raug cob qhia los daws cov haujlwm ntawm tib hom, tsuas yog los ntawm kev cob qhia lawv lub cim xeeb. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog lub ntsiab lus.

Ntawm kaum ob tam sim no USEs, tsuas yog ob qho yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev kawm theem nrab - Lavxias teb sab lus thiab lej yooj yim. Tag nrho cov kev xeem no raug coj los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv raws li kev yeem thiab xyaum tsuas yog thaum lawv xav tau kev nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv (uas yog, cov no yog cov ntawv xeem nkag hauv lawv daim ntawv dawb huv). Yog li, tus tub ntxhais kawm cuam tag nrho nws lub zog los npaj rau kev xeem, thiab lwm yam kev kawm raug suav tias yog lub nra uas tsis tsim nyog. Piv txwv tias ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv xaiv mus xeem Unified State Exam hauv biology thiab chemistry, ces tag nrho lwm yam kev kawm (physics, social studies, keeb kwm, ntawv nyeem, thiab lwm yam), nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, nws tsis xav tau, nws yuav tsis txawm mus rau lawv. Lwm tus xaiv cov keeb kwm thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib raug zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntsiab lus yuav raug muab tso tseg. Vim li cas lawv thiaj xav tau yog tias tsis tas yuav mus xeem Unified State Exam rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug system, tus xib fwb tau txais kev ywj pheej tag nrho tsis txhob mloog cov menyuam yaus uas tsis nyiam nws cov ntsiab lus (thiab kev ua haujlwm nrog kev lag luam yog qhov tsis txaus siab tshaj plaws rau tus kws qhia ntawv), thiab tus tub ntxhais kawm tsis muaj kev kawm. Nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm "kev ywj pheej" nws dhau los ua tsis tau qhia leej twg, tab sis tsuas yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev kawm.

Tam sim no muaj 2 USEs hauv lej - yooj yim thiab tshwj xeeb. Txhua tus txiv neej xeem dhau qhov kev xeem, muaj 20 txoj haujlwm hauv nws, yog tias koj daws yam tsawg kawg 7 ntawm lawv raug, koj tau qhab nia tsawg kawg nkaus, nws txaus kom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Cov hauj lwm dab tsi nyob ntawd?! Leej twg tuaj yeem pom lawv hauv Internet:

1. Nrhiav tus nqi ntawm cov lus qhia (6, 7-3, 2) 2, 4
2. USE hauv physics tau coj los ntawm 25 cov neeg kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv, uas yog ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov neeg kawm tiav. Muaj pes tsawg tus kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no tsis dhau physics xeem?
3. Nrhiav m ntawm qhov sib npaug F = ma yog F = 84 thiab a = 12.
4. Nrhiav S los ntawm qhov sib npaug S = v ₀ t + at ²/ 2 os v ₀ = 6, t = 2, a = −2.

Nrhiav tus nqi ntawm cov lus qhia (2 · √13− 1) · (2 · √13 + 1).

1. Ib hub ntawm yogurt raug nqi 14 rubles 60 kopecks. Dab tsi yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm jars ntawm yogurt koj tuaj yeem yuav rau 100 rubles?
2. Nrhiav lub hauv paus ntawm lub cav sib npaug₂(x - 3) = 6.
3. Tawm ntawm txhua 100 qhov muag teev, qhov nruab nrab 3 yog faulty. Yuav ua li cas yog qhov teeb pom kev zoo uas xaiv los ntawm lub khw muag khoom yuav ua haujlwm?
4. Vitya siab dua Kolya, tab sis qis dua Masha. Anya tsis siab dua Viti. Xaiv cov nqe lus uas muaj tseeb raws li cov xwm txheej tau teev tseg.

a) Masha yog tus siab tshaj ntawm plaub tus neeg no.

b) Anya thiab Masha yog tib qhov siab.

c) Vitya thiab Kolya yog tib qhov siab.

d) Kolya qis dua Masha.

10) Nrhiav tus lej peb-tus lej, cov lej ntawm tus lej uas yog 20, thiab cov lej ntawm cov squares ntawm tus lej yog faib los ntawm 3, tab sis tsis faib los ntawm 9. Hauv koj cov lus teb, sau ib tus lej li ntawd.

Ntawm 20 txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov kev xeem hauv paus, kaum zoo li ntawd. Tus so yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg xav tau lawv: kom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj, nws yog txaus los daws 7, nrog rau cov npoo - 10.

Qhov no qhia tau hais tias theem ntawm kev lees paub hauv lub xeev hauv kev ua lej hauv qib 11 xyaum tsis dhau lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib. Yog hais tias ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv paub cov zauv sib npaug, faib, sib ntxiv, rho tawm (thiab qhov no yog kawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib), ces nws yuav yooj yim xeem xeem nyob rau hauv lej nyob rau hauv qib 11! Qhov kev xeem rau qhov kev xeem Unified State xeem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus yog zoo sib xws: nws yog kiag li kov yeej los ntawm qhov nruab nrab kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib.

Rau kev sib piv, cia peb saib USE hauv physics, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tau qhab nia hauv 2017 yog 36, txhawm rau kov yeej qhov pib nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los daws thawj 10 txoj haujlwm ntawm 32. Thawj 10 txoj haujlwm yog qib 7-8 qib ntawm chav kawm physics hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tus menyuam kawm ntawv xav tau qhab nia ntau tshaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus dhau qib (nws npaj yuav mus rau cov peev nyiaj), ces nws yuav tsum paub cov chav kawm physics tsawg kawg yog qib 9. Tab sis kev paub zoo li no, hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, yuav tsis txaus rau kev kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Piv txwv ntawm physics assignments muaj nyob rau hauv Internet.

Txo qis hauv qib kev paub (qib kev cob qhia) - yuam cov qhab nia tsawg kawg kom txo qis txhua xyoo! Tej zaum thaum kawg nws yuav raug txo kom xoom?

Lwm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog tias nyob rau qib laus (10-11) muaj cov txiv neej uas muaj kev nyiam sib txawv (qee tus neeg mus rau zib ntab, ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus kws tshaj lij, ib tus neeg mus rau philologist, thiab lwm yam), raws li, raws li, los npaj lawv hauv tib chav kawm. mus rau qhov kev xeem yog tsis yooj yim sua. Tus kws qhia ntawv mus dhau qhov kev pab cuam nrog lawv, paub tias tsis muaj leej twg xav tau, txawm tias cov neeg uas yuav xeem Unified State Exam hauv lawv qhov kev kawm, vim tias kev npaj rau Kev Xeem Unified State yuav tsum muaj cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv.

USE system yeej tshem tawm cov kev kawm theem nrab hauv nws qhov kev nkag siab yav dhau los, thaum tus kawm tiav yuav tsum paub txhua yam kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm.

Kev txheeb cais thiab kev tshawb fawb qhia txog kev poob qis hauv kev paub ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv!

Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Unified State Exam-2012, kwv yees li 14% ntawm cov neeg kawm tiav tau xyaum tsis tau ib yam dab tsi tawm ntawm chav kawm lej theem nrab (saib [1] IV Yashchenko, AV Semenov, IR Vysotsky. Cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm qee yam ntawm kev txhim kho. kev qhia lej FIPI. 2014.) Hauv 2014, muaj yuav luag 25% ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv zoo li no, raws li tau tshaj tawm los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Rosobrnadzor S. Kravtsov ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab ntawm Ministry of Education thiab Science thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1, 2014 (saib OGE- 2014 tau qhia tias ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm qib cuaj qhov ntsuas no txawv ntawm 30 txog 50% nyob ntawm thaj av (saib cov haujlwm saum toj no [1] los ntawm I. Yashchenko thiab lwm yam).

Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2014, National Study of the Quality of Education (NIKO) hauv lej hauv qib 5-7 tau ua thawj zaug. Lub koom haum thiab tus thawj coj ntawm NIKO I. Yashchenko tau hais tias nyob rau qib 7, 50% ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm twb tau tawm ntawm txoj kev kawm (tsuas yog, lawv tsis paub txog lej), thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm qib xya hauv kev daws teeb meem. Cov teeb meem hauv tsev kawm theem qis yog qhov phem dua li cov tub ntxhais kawm qib 5. Qhov tshwm sim tsis xav txog thaum qib kev paub poob los ntawm kev cob qhia!

Cov phau ntawv niaj hnub no yuav tsum tsis txhob ignored ib yam! Yog tias cov ntawv sau ua ntej tau sau los ntawm pab pawg muaj tswv yim, uas suav nrog cov xibfwb, cov neeg sib tw ntawm kev tshawb fawb, cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav, cov kws tshaj lij, cov tub ntxhais kawm. Tom qab ntawd cov ntawv sau tau raug sim hauv kev xyaum ntau xyoo, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nws tau luam tawm. Tab sis tam sim no tsis muaj ib yam li ntawd, phau ntawv sau los ntawm txhua tus neeg tsis tub nkeeg. Li no, muaj ntau yam yuam kev, typos thiab tsuas yog hais tsis muaj tseeb - cov khoom uas tsis muaj nyob thiab tshwm sim qhov tseeb.

Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv coj los ntawm tsab xov xwm (Sabotage hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev kawm yog noj ntawm qhov ceeb toom):

Lub luag haujlwm ua lus Lavxias: nyeem cov lus sib tham thiab tso cov cim cim: Syapala Kalusha ntawm lub cuff thiab hwm Lyapupa - Oee Lyapa Kako bloopers uncooked thiab untidy - Nettyuynye - Nettyuynye. (Cov me nyuam kawm tau dab tsi los ntawm kev sib tham no?)

Lub hauv paus ntawm Kev Paub Txog Kev Cai Lij Choj: Kev Ua Haujlwm: Bobrov ntaus Losev ib daim ntawm pob zeb rau ntawm nws lub taub hau, strangled nws nrog ib tug hlau hlau, txiav nws cov leeg, raws li kev txiav txim Maltseva tua sai. Txawm li cas los xij, Loseva txoj kev tuag tsis tuaj. Tom qab ntawd Bobrov hais tias: "Qhov ntawd yog nws, Kuv tsis tuaj yeem nqa nws ntxiv lawm" thiab hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob. Puas muaj kev yeem tsis kam lees? Bobrov puas yuav raug txim txhaum cai?

Phau ntawv Mathematics Qib tsib Latotina thiab Chebotarevsky … Nov yog qee qhov haujlwm: Primazische pom 96 shkledulok hauv thaj teb. Thiab Primazyonok pom 64 shkledulki. Muaj pes tsawg shkledulok puas Primazische nrhiav dua Primazyonok? Teeb meem: Txiv, niam thiab cov muam tab tom noj hmo, thiab tus kwv yau Vassenka zaum hauv qab lub rooj thiab pom lub rooj zaum ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 3 cm ib feeb. Nyob rau hauv pes tsawg feeb yuav noj hmo yog tias lub rooj ceg yog 9 cm tuab?

Lwm yam

Tam sim no lub Ministry of Education thov kom tshem tawm Lavxias teb sab classics los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam, cov me nyuam tsis to taub lawv. Tau kawg, tom qab cov haujlwm no, nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom pom Tolstoy thiab Pushkin! Thiab tsis yog cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum liam tias lawv tsis nkag siab cov lus Lavxias zoo nkauj, thiab tsis yog cov kws qhia ntawv, tab sis cov txheej txheem xeem.

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv (cov chav kawm ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tau tshaj tawm hauv Russia txij li xyoo 2014, tom qab kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib raug zoo los ntawm Russia thiab Western lub teb chaws) - tam sim no txawm hais tias tsis muaj tseeb! Qhov tseeb, cov menyuam yaus tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv nrog qib kev paub ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab (yog tias tsis yog qib qis)! Lawv mus kawm ntawv qib siab, thiab ntsib teeb meem: lawv kawm tsis tau, lawv tsis paub yuav ua li cas, tsuas yog tsis muaj kev paub txaus. Yog li ntawd, ob tog yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv! Thiab nws hloov tawm "peb txhua tus tsis tau kawm ntau, qee yam thiab qee yam."

Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab txhua tus thawj coj loj hais tias cov tub ntxhais kawm niaj hnub tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rau nws tus kheej yam kev kawm thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntim twg los qhia nws. Cov tub ntxhais kawm niaj hnub no nws tus kheej tuaj yeem xaiv txoj hauv kev ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob! Tab sis tus tub kawm yuav xaiv li cas yog tias tsis muaj kev xaiv. Yog tias nws muaj lub tswv yim tsis meej ntawm physics, chemistry, biology, ntawv nyeem, thiab lwm yam. Nws tsis muaj qhov tseeb logic nyob rau hauv nws lub taub hau, tsis muaj kev sib xws, dab tsi ua raws li los ntawm dab tsi, tsis muaj ib daim duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Kev taw qhia ntawm USE txo tag nrho cov kev kawm hauv lub tebchaws - mus rau qhov kev tsis pom kev ntawm kev kawm! Tam sim no peb txoj kev kawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev kawm qib siab, tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm Olympiads rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv! Tam sim no, muaj txog li ib puas leej ntawm lawv nyob hauv lub tebchaws, thiab cov menyuam yaus nyiam lawv, pib ntawm qib 5. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv, qhov kawg rounds ntawm no Olympiads yog classic nkag mus xeem, uas yog ua los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv cov xibfwb tsis muaj CCTV koob yees duab, hlau detectors thiab lwm yam cwj pwm ntawm lub Unified State Exam. Olympiads muab rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv nrog rau lwm yam txiaj ntsig uas cuam tshuam nrog peb txoj kev kawm txuj ci.

Tej zaum nws yog lub sijhawm los qhib siab hais tias Unified State Exam yog kev puas tsuaj tiag tiag rau Russia. Tias tsis muaj kev kawm hauv Russia! Thiab nws tsim nyog xav txog qhov rov qab los ntawm Soviet kev kawm system!

Kab lus siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm A. V. Ivanova "Unified State Exam lossis Kev Kawm - tsis muaj kev xaiv thib peb":