Cov txheej txheem:

10 cov qauv ntawm yav dhau los uas tau suav tias yog qub txawm rau cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub thiab Greeks
10 cov qauv ntawm yav dhau los uas tau suav tias yog qub txawm rau cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub thiab Greeks

Video: 10 cov qauv ntawm yav dhau los uas tau suav tias yog qub txawm rau cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub thiab Greeks

Video: 10 cov qauv ntawm yav dhau los uas tau suav tias yog qub txawm rau cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub thiab Greeks
Video: Xov Xwm 3/3/2023: Xom Xom Keeb Yaj Ntshawv Siab Cov Cai Tsim Tawm Txog Ntawm Maj Thiab Xas 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, kev tsim vaj tsev thiab vaj tse kev cai dab qhuas tau pib ntev ua ntej peb lub sijhawm, vim tias tseem muaj qhov tawg ntawm cov tsev uas, txawm tias cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub thiab Greeks, tau suav tias yog cov tsev qub, ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntxiv. Lawm, feem ntau ntawm cov qub architectural masterpieces tau rov qab los tag nrho, tab sis qhov no tsis tau poob lawv qhov tseem ceeb.

Thiab qhov no tau ua pov thawj los ntawm qhov tseeb tias niaj hnub cov neeg nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb nrog kev qhuas thiab kev hwm tau maj mus rau cov tuam tsev pom, mounds thiab pantheons, vim tias qee tus ntawm lawv xav tsis thoob qhov kev xav txawm tias tam sim no.

Ib qho ntawm cov qauv qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb
Ib qho ntawm cov qauv qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb

Ib qho ntawm cov qauv qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Txhua lub sij hawm, thaum archaeologists tswj kom nrhiav tau ib tug ancient nroog los yog tsawg kawg yog ib tug tseem muaj sia nyob ib feem ntawm kev sib hais haum, nws tau suav hais tias yog ib qho khoom plig loj heev. Raws li txoj cai, qhov kev pom zoo li no, tom qab kev tshawb fawb ntev los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, lub sijhawm dhau los tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw mus xyuas ntau tshaj plaws, qhov chaw uas cov neeg tuaj ncig ua si maj nrawm thiab tseem maj. Thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias nws yog lawv uas tso cai rau peb qhib daim ntaub thaiv lub sijhawm me ntsis, qhia txog lub neej ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm Novate. Ru tau pom 10 qhov nthuav dav tshaj plaws thaum ub cov qauv, uas, tom qab ntau tshaj ib txhiab xyoo, yuav ua rau koj ua tsis taus pa nrog lawv cov grandeur thiab tsuas yog qhuas.

1. Lub Tuam Tsev Newgrange hauv Ireland (tsim 5, 2 txhiab xyoo BC)

Lub tsev iconic ntawm Newgrange, nyob rau hauv Irish Boyne Valley, tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2500
Lub tsev iconic ntawm Newgrange, nyob rau hauv Irish Boyne Valley, tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2500
Tsuas yog nyob rau hnub ntawm lub caij ntuj no solstice, lub hnub ci ci dhau los ntawm txoj kev tsis meej 19-meter ntawm Newgrange, illuminating lub ntsiab cult Hall
Tsuas yog nyob rau hnub ntawm lub caij ntuj no solstice, lub hnub ci ci dhau los ntawm txoj kev tsis meej 19-meter ntawm Newgrange, illuminating lub ntsiab cult Hall

Lub tsev teev ntuj qub tshaj plaws Newgrange, uas nyob hauv Ireland, tam sim no suav tias yog cov qauv qub tshaj plaws uas tau pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Tau ntau centuries nws tau raug suav hais tias yog ib lub faus mound, tab sis qhov kev xav no tau muab tshem tawm hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, ua pov thawj tias qhov no yog lub tuam tsev prehistoric tiag tiag.

2. Mound of Bugon lossis Bugon necropolis hauv Fabkis (tsim 4, 7 - 3, 5 txhiab xyoo BC)

Tumulus ntawm Bougon yog tsib Neolithic burial mounds, tsim dua 4 txhiab
Tumulus ntawm Bougon yog tsib Neolithic burial mounds, tsim dua 4 txhiab

Lub Tumulus ntawm Bougon yog tsim los ntawm tsib pob zeb hnub nyoog faus mounds nyob ze Poitou Charente, Fabkis. Nyob rau hauv lub ancient necropolis, ntau tshaj 200 qhov ntxa tau raug pom los txog rau hnub no, uas tau pauv mus rau Bougon Tsev khaws puav pheej. Xav tias cov necropolis tau tsim nyob rau ntau pua xyoo, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias txhua lub mound muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb architectural style.

3. Tumulus Saint-Michel nyob rau Fabkis (tsim 4, 5 txhiab xyoo BC)

Txawm tias taug kev nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw dawb ceev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob (Mound Tumulus de St-Michel, Fabkis)
Txawm tias taug kev nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw dawb ceev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob (Mound Tumulus de St-Michel, Fabkis)

Tumulus de St-Michel yog ib qho ntawm tsib mounds nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Carnac nyob rau sab qaum teb Fabkis. Nws yog qhov ntxa loj tshaj plaws nyob rau sab av loj Europe, vim tias nws siab 12 m, ntev 125 m thiab dav 60 m. Txog rau xyoo 1980, kev mus ncig ua si tau muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm qub tshaj plaws, tab sis tam sim no qhov nkag tau raug kaw thiab kaw.

4. Lub Tuam Tsev complex Jgantiya (tsim 3, 7 txhiab xyoo BC)

Qhov no yog li cas cov megaliths ntawm lub tuam tsev Ggantija complex zoo li
Qhov no yog li cas cov megaliths ntawm lub tuam tsev Ggantija complex zoo li

Ggantija, uas txhais tau hais tias "ntauwd ntawm cov neeg loj", yog lub tuam tsev Neolithic megalithic ntawm cov kob ntawm Gozo tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Malta. Cov pab pawg muaj zog no muaj ob lub tuam tsev sib txuas, uas (raws li qhov kev xav ntawm archaeologists) yog cov qauv kev cai.

Lub tsib apses pom nyob rau hauv Ggantia muaj ntau lub thaj chaw uas muaj kev xyiv fab coj mus rau qhov chaw
Lub tsib apses pom nyob rau hauv Ggantia muaj ntau lub thaj chaw uas muaj kev xyiv fab coj mus rau qhov chaw

Xav txog qhov tseeb tias cov pob txha thiab seem ntawm cov tsiaj, cov mlom ntawm vajtswv poj niam ntawm fertility thiab fertility, nrog rau cov pob zeb hearths, tau pom nyob rau hauv lawv, nws ntseeg hais tias rituals thiab txi tau ua nyob rau hauv lawv. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX, qhov complex no tau lees paub tias yog ib lub monument ntawm lub ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm UNESCO, thiab thaum pib ntawm peb txhiab xyoo AD (piv txwv li los ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 1, 2001) Ggantija tau rov qab los thiab tam sim no tau txais cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.

Khaws ib feem ntawm lub tuam tsev Ggantija complex hauv Malta
Khaws ib feem ntawm lub tuam tsev Ggantija complex hauv Malta

Cov ntaub ntawv:Megaliths yog architectural qauv tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb loj. Cov qauv megalithic pom nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm hnub rov qab mus rau 4th-3rd xyoo txhiab BC. e.thiab yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub sijhawm Neolithic thiab Eneolithic.

5. Mound of Meadhow hauv Scotland (tsim 3, 5 txhiab xyoo BC)

Midhau lub npe los ntawm ib daim ntawv loj loj pom sab hnub poob ntawm lub qhov ntxa (o
Midhau lub npe los ntawm ib daim ntawv loj loj pom sab hnub poob ntawm lub qhov ntxa (o

Midhow yog lub qhov ntxa loj loj (pob zeb zeb) uas tau pom nyob rau sab qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Rousey Island hauv Scotland. Lub qhov ntxa pob zeb thiab cov broch tsim ib lub tuam tsev tiag tiag nrog 12 chav thiab 23-meter txoj kev loj. Cov phab ntsa ntawm no necropolis nce 2.5 m saum av.

Midhow yog lub qhov ntxa ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev uas muaj pob zeb tsis muaj mortar (o
Midhow yog lub qhov ntxa ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev uas muaj pob zeb tsis muaj mortar (o

Hmoov tsis zoo, lub ru tsev ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tsis tau muaj sia nyob, tab sis cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias cov no yog pob zeb loj loj monolithic. Kev txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov seem ntawm 25 tus neeg thiab cov tsiaj tau pom nyob rau hauv lub complex, archaeologists qhia tias cov qauv no yog npaj los tiv thaiv kev thaj yeeb ntawm cov neeg tuag thiab muab cov txheeb ze nkag mus rau lawv cov tshauv.

Nthuav paub: Broch yog ib puag ncig fortress qauv, tsim tsis siv cov tshuaj khib (qhuav masonry txoj kev).

6. Pyramid ntawm Djoser hauv Egypt (tsim 3 txhiab xyoo BC)

Lub Pyramid ntawm Djoser tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev lag luam kev vam meej thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Egyptian kev vam meej (r
Lub Pyramid ntawm Djoser tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev lag luam kev vam meej thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Egyptian kev vam meej (r

Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv qub tshaj plaws uas tsis kho tau pom txog tam sim no thiab nyob hauv lub nroog Saqqara hauv Egypt. Tus thawj pyramid no, uas muaj 6 kauj ruam hewn tawm ntawm pob zeb, tau tsa rau Pharaoh Djoser los ntawm nws tus kws kes duab vajtse Imhotep. Cov nplai ntawm lub qhov ntxa yog qhov zoo nkauj heev, vim tias lub hauv paus, nteg tawm ntawm cov limestone dawb, muaj qhov loj ntawm 125 * 115 m, thiab ncav cuag 62 m hauv qhov siab.

7. Pyramid ntawm Cheops hauv Giza (tsim 2560 BC)

Tim lyiv teb chaws ua kev zoo siab rau hnub pib ntawm kev tsim lub Great Pyramid ntawm Giza - Lub Yim Hli 23, 2560
Tim lyiv teb chaws ua kev zoo siab rau hnub pib ntawm kev tsim lub Great Pyramid ntawm Giza - Lub Yim Hli 23, 2560

Lub pyramid ntawm Khufu (raws li cov neeg Iyiv lawv tus kheej hu nws) yog tib lub qauv qub uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, uas yog nyob rau ntawm 7 qhov kev xav ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Cov qauv loj tshaj plaws tsim los ntawm noob neej yog qhov loj heev, xav tias nws lub hauv paus npog thaj tsam ntawm 53 txhiab square meters. m. (10 football teb), thiab lateral deg cheeb tsam mus txog 85, 5 txhiab square meters. m.

Txhua txhua hnub, txog 300 tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj xyuas lub pyramid ntawm Khufu (Cheops), muab cov xwm txheej huab cua (Egypt)
Txhua txhua hnub, txog 300 tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj xyuas lub pyramid ntawm Khufu (Cheops), muab cov xwm txheej huab cua (Egypt)

Thaum pib, nws qhov siab yog 147 m, tab sis tam sim no 138 m tau tso rau saum. Thiab qhov nthuav tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv lub pyramid ntawm Cheops, Egyptologists pom tsuas yog ib tug me me portrait nyob rau hauv txoj kev mus rau lub qhov ntxa ntawm huab tais, thiab muaj. tsuas yog tsis muaj lwm cov ntawv sau lossis cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj. Yog li mus txog rau tam sim no, tsis muaj pov thawj pom tau hais tias lub pyramid yog leej twg rau Pharaoh Khufu.

8. Lub tuam tsev pam tuag ntawm poj huab tais Hatshepsut hauv Egypt (tsim 1470 BC)

Lub tuam tsev pam tuag ntawm Hatshepsut hauv Deir el-Bahri yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Theban necropolis complex (Egypt)
Lub tuam tsev pam tuag ntawm Hatshepsut hauv Deir el-Bahri yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Theban necropolis complex (Egypt)
Cov duab puab ntawm lub tuam tsev Hatshepsut sawv cev rau poj huab tais hauv peb daim duab - Osiris, Pharaoh, thiab Sphinx
Cov duab puab ntawm lub tuam tsev Hatshepsut sawv cev rau poj huab tais hauv peb daim duab - Osiris, Pharaoh, thiab Sphinx

Cov qauv zoo nkauj tiag tiag, uas tau muaj sia nyob mus txog niaj hnub no, tau pib ua thaum lub neej ntawm poj huab tais Hatshepsut, uas tau suav hais tias yog ib tus neeg muaj hwj chim. Nws qhov loj me, kev daws teeb meem kev tsim vaj tsev thiab ntau tus mlom tau dawb huv tiag tiag nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, thiab nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas nws tau hwm nws hu ua "Jeser Jeseru", uas txhais tau hais tias "Vim Li Cas Dawb Huv." Tab sis tsis tsuas yog cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub raug ntaus los ntawm nws qhov loj, nws tseem suav tias yog ib lub tuam tsev zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

9. Athenian Acropolis (Pantheon) hauv tebchaws Greece (tsim 560-527 BC)

Lub Acropolis ntawm Athens - lub ntsiab attraction ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws
Lub Acropolis ntawm Athens - lub ntsiab attraction ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws

Qhov no yog lub monument nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm ancient architecture nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws, yog lub ntsiab lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv ancient Athens thiab tau tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm lub patroness ntawm lub nroog no thiab tag nrho cov Attica, tus vajtswv poj niam Athena lub Virgin. Lub Acropolis muaj ib tug quadrangular qauv, tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm ancient Greek Doric kev txiav txim, thiab nyob rau saum toj ntawm lub pob tsuas uas nce 150 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem.

Niaj hnub no lub Acropolis yog ib qho yuav luag ua kom tiav ntawm lub tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws (Greece)
Niaj hnub no lub Acropolis yog ib qho yuav luag ua kom tiav ntawm lub tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws (Greece)

Tau ntau pua xyoo ntawm kev muaj sia nyob thiab kev ua phem uas tshwm sim, lub tuam tsev tau raug puas tsuaj tag nrho, thiab tsuas yog tom qab kev tshaj tawm ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws nws pib rov qab los thiab los ntawm lub sijhawm no nws tau rov qab los tag nrho.

10. Great Stupa ntawm Sanchi (tsim 300 BC)

Great Sanchi Stupa - ib tug monument ntawm thaum ntxov Buddhist architecture
Great Sanchi Stupa - ib tug monument ntawm thaum ntxov Buddhist architecture

Nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Sanchi (Is Nrias teb), tiag tiag cov tsev zoo heev ntawm thaum ntxov Buddhist kab lis kev cai tau muaj txoj sia nyob mus rau niaj hnub no, cov uas lub Great Stupa yog suav hais tias yog lub ntsiab attraction. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, nws yog nyob rau hauv uas lub ntsiab relics ntawm Buddha tau khaws cia. Qhov no txawv txawv thiab zoo nkauj qauv, uas muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 36 m thiab ib qhov siab ntawm 15 m, yog crowned nrog peb harliks (umbrellas), uas yog cim rau yav dhau los, tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej ntawm Buddha.

Pom zoo: