Cov txheej txheem:
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm secular duab puab nyob rau hauv Russia
- Thawj tus sculptors Lavxias teb sab
- Cov hauv paus hniav thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov duab puab ntawm Russia
- Daim ntawv - antique, cov ntsiab lus - Lavxias teb sab
Video: Cov hauv paus hniav thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov duab puab ntawm Russia
2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06
Ua ntej Peter kuv, secular sculpture xyaum tsis muaj nyob rau hauv Russia.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm secular duab puab nyob rau hauv Russia
Sculptural monuments muaj nyob rau hauv Russia ntev ua ntej tus hloov kho Tsar Peter kuv, tab sis lawv tag nrho cov muaj feem xyuam rau kev cai dab qhuas kos duab. Cov no yog cov piv txwv zoo kawg nkaus ntawm cov duab ntoo ntawm cov neeg ntseeg thiab cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm cov facades ntawm pawg ntseeg. Thiab secular sculpture tuaj yeem raug hu ua tib lub hnub nyoog li St. Petersburg, vim hais tias thaum Peter pib tsim lub nroog tshiab, nws xav tau nws los ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog Northern, los kho lub palaces, vaj tse thiab txawm tias lub nkoj.
Nws caw cov tswv txawv teb chaws uas tau paub zoo hauv kev kos duab sculpting, thiab ntawm lawv - Carlo Rastrelli, Andreas Schlüter, Konrad Osner thiab Nicola Pino. Peter kuv yuav qee cov duab puab rau Venice ntawm North. Piv txwv li, cov pej thuam tau yuav hauv Ltalis los kho lub Caij Ntuj Sov Lub Vaj.
Thawj tus sculptors Lavxias teb sab
Lub hnub yug ntawm Lavxias teb sab sculptures yog txuam nrog lub founding nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg ntawm lub Academy ntawm peb feem ntau txawv arts, lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim uas hnub rov qab mus rau lub hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm Peter, tab sis twb nqa tawm tsuas yog los ntawm nws tus ntxhais Elizaveta Petrovna nyob rau hauv. 1757 ib. Thawj thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov, ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau enlightened neeg ntawm nws lub sij hawm, patron, phooj ywg thiab cov phooj ywg ntawm Mikhail Lomonosov.
Ivan Shuvalov kuj yog tus tsim thiab saib xyuas ntawm Moscow University, qhov twg nyob rau hauv 1758 kaum rau ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas txawj ntse tshaj plaws tau raug xaiv rau kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv lub "noble arts" thiab coj mus rau St. 'cov me nyuam."
Lub tsev kawm ntawv tau muab faib ua painting, duab puab, architecture thiab engraving chav kawm. Lub pedagogical system yog nruj me ntsis tswj thiab, raws li zoo raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm classicism, tsom mus rau txoj kev tshawb no thiab muaj tswv yim rethinking ntawm ancient aesthetic cai.
Cov hauv paus hniav thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov duab puab ntawm Russia
Cov kws ua yeeb yam txawv teb chaws tau qhia hauv academy. Sculptural chav kawm nyob rau hauv 1758-1778 coj los ntawm Nicolas François Gillet (1712-1791) - ib tug nto moo Fabkis sculptor, tus tswv ntawm portrait thiab zoo nkauj yas. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws pedagogical txuj ci tau tshwm sim - yuav luag tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab sculptors ntawm lub sij hawm yog nws cov tub ntxhais kawm.
Fedot Shubin tau los ua thawj tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawv qub tshaj plaws ntawm Fabkis tus tswv. Tus tub ntawm Pomor cov neeg pluag, nws nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev (xws li nyob rau hauv lub literal siab) rov qab txoj kev ntawm nws tus poj niam lub teb chaws Mikhail Lomonosov, nyob rau hauv uas nws patronage nws mus rau lub Academy of Arts. Nws, nrog rau Theodosius Shchedrin, Mikhail Kozlovsky, Fedor Gordeev thiab Ivan Prokofiev yog thawj "Shuvalov" tiam ntawm Academy cov tub ntxhais kawm.
Lavxias teb sab sculpture yog undoubtedly cuam tshuam feem ntau ntawm cov kos duab ntawm ltalis thiab Fabkis. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog rau cov tebchaws no uas cov neeg kawm tiav uas tau txais txiaj ntsig Zoo Tshaj Plaws rau lawv txoj haujlwm tiav tau raug xa mus rau kev so haujlwm.
Daim ntawv - antique, cov ntsiab lus - Lavxias teb sab
Yuav kom tau txais lub Cim Loj Loj, ib tug sculptor nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th yuav tsum tau kos ib tug bas-relief ntawm ib zajlus los ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm kom glorify lub fatherland. Tus kws sau paj huam thiab tus kws sau nkauj Alexander Sumarokov tau sau txog qhov yuav tsum tau piav qhia txog "keeb kwm ntawm nws lub tebchaws thiab lub ntsej muag ntawm cov neeg zoo hauv nws."
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv 1772, nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug nyem nyob rau hauv cov zajlus "Izyaslav Mstislavovich xav tua nws cov tub rog uas nws hlub tsis paub", hais txog yuav ua li cas Izyaslav Mstislavovich, tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm Vladimir Monomakh, ua tsov ua rog heev heev, yuav luag tua nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov tub rog. kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm nws tus kheej cov tub rog uas tsis paub txog nws.
Theodosius Shchedrin tau txais ib qho khoom plig loj loj.
Mikhail Kozlovsky, uas twb tau sib tw nrog Shchedrin nyob rau hauv 1771 nyob rau hauv kev sib tw ntawm lub ntsiab "Kev Cai raus dej ntawm Vladimir", tau txais ib tug me me medal puav pheej.
Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm nws txoj kev tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho Lavxias teb sab kos duab thiab txuas ntxiv cov lus kos duab, Alexander Matveev tau sib zog ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov yas ua cov txheej txheem classical thiab nruj constructiveness nrog clarity thiab laconicism. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws ntau xyoo ntawm kev qhia ua haujlwm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm "Leningrad tsev kawm ntawv".
Pom zoo:
Cov hauv paus hniav ntawm proto-lus. 50 lo lus seditious los ntawm pej xeem cov lus
Ib zaug Mikhail Zadornov tau hais tias: "Tsuas yog cov neeg nyiam nyiam ua haujlwm, tsis muaj kev paub los ntawm Augean linguistics, tuaj yeem kho cov kws tshawb fawb zoo siab. Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tuaj yeem cawm lawv tus kheej." Qhov teeb meem rau cov kws paub lus Askiv yog tsis muaj tub ceev xwm, ua tsaug rau Internet amateurs tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov peev txheej. , yav dhau los tsuas muaj rau cov kws kho mob nqaim xwb
Cov neeg Yudais cov hauv paus hniav hauv lub koom haum ntawm Armenian genocide
Dönme - ib tug crypto-Jewish sect coj Ataturk rau lub hwj chim
Colonization ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm Soviet magazines thiab Tsiolkovsky
Yuav luag txhua txhua Soviet tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv lub colonization ntawm qhov chaw hais txog tus inventor, philosopher thiab founder ntawm cosmonautics, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Tsiolkovsky pom kev daws teeb meem rau yav tom ntej ntawm cov neeg coob coob thiab kev tsis txaus los ntawm kev tsim cov ntiaj chaw tshiab. Nws yog nws tus thawj sau txog yav tom ntej "etheric settlements" nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub orbit, ua sketches ntawm extraplanetary chaw nres tsheb thiab tuaj nrog lub tswv yim ntawm ib qho chaw elevator
Cov duab ntawm ib tug tub rog-tiv thaiv yog lub hauv paus rau kev loj hlob ntawm txiv neej tus cwj pwm thiab fortitude nyob rau hauv cov tub hluas
Vim li cas tus txiv neej ua yeeb yam ploj mus ua ntej peb ob lub qhov muag ntawm cov tub hluas - cov tub hluas? Tab sis leej twg ntawm cov niam txiv, cov kws qhia ntawv, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tub ceev xwm tsawg kawg ib zaug xav tias: qhov no yog qhov peb, qhov tseeb, tsa peb cov tub? Leej twg tig mus rau kev txawj ntse ntawm cov tiam dhau los thiab muab piv rau cov tub hluas li cas tau coj los rau hauv lub teb chaws kev kawm kab lis kev cai thiab peb coj lawv li cas niaj hnub no?
Cov neeg European tuaj qhov twg? Puas yog Russians thiab Europeans zoo ib yam lossis muaj cov hauv paus hniav?
Nug cov lus nug zoo li no, koj tsis tuaj yeem mus rau qhov xaus tias peb muaj ntau dua li qhov sib txawv. Qhov kev tawm tsam thiab kev ntshai ntawm ib leeg tuaj qhov twg?