Lub tsev qiv ntawv zais cia tshaj plaws

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nws ntseeg tau tias lub tsev qiv ntawv Vatican loj, uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, khw muag khoom yuav luag txhua qhov kev paub dawb ceev ntawm noob neej. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov phau ntawv tau muab faib ua ntau, thiab tsuas yog Pope tau nkag mus rau qee cov ntawv.

Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv Vatican tau raug tsim los rau lub Rau Hli 15, 1475, tom qab luam tawm ntawm cov nyuj sib xws los ntawm Pope Sixtus IV. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis qhia meej txog qhov tseeb. Txog lub sijhawm no, lub tsev qiv ntawv papal twb muaj keeb kwm ntev thiab nplua nuj. Lub Vatican nyob ib phau ntawm cov ntawv sau thaum ub sau los ntawm cov thawj ntawm Sixtus IV. Lawv ua raws li cov kev lig kev cai uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 4th nyob rau hauv Pope Damas I thiab txuas ntxiv los ntawm Pope Boniface VIII, uas tau tsim thawj daim ntawv teev npe tiav nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, nrog rau tus tsim tiag tiag ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv, Pope Nicholas V, uas tau tshaj tawm rau pej xeem thiab tshuav ntau tshaj ib thiab ib nrab txhiab phau ntawv sib txawv. Tsis ntev tom qab nws txoj kev tsim, lub tsev qiv ntawv Vatican muaj ntau tshaj li peb txhiab phau ntawv qub uas tau yuav los ntawm papal nuncios hauv Tebchaws Europe.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm tej hauj lwm perpetuated rau tiam tom ntej no ntau scripts. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov ntawv sau tsis yog tsuas yog cov haujlwm theological thiab cov phau ntawv dawb ceev xwb, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm ntawm Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Coptic, Old Syrian thiab Arabic cov ntaub ntawv, kev xav txog kev xav, ua haujlwm ntawm keeb kwm, kev cai lij choj, architecture, suab paj nruag thiab kos duab.

Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias Vatican kuj muaj ib feem ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv Alexandrian, tsim los ntawm Vaj Ntxwv Ptolemy Soter tsis ntev ua ntej pib ntawm peb lub sijhawm thiab rov ua dua tshiab thoob ntiaj teb. Cov neeg Iyiv tau coj mus rau lub tsev qiv ntawv tag nrho cov Greek parchments tuaj rau hauv lub tebchaws: txhua lub nkoj uas tuaj txog hauv Alexandria, yog tias nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau cia, yuav tsum tau muag rau lub tsev qiv ntawv, lossis muab lawv luam tawm. Cov tsev qiv ntawv ceev nrooj theej txhua phau ntawv uas tuaj txog, ntau pua tus qhev ua haujlwm txhua hnub, luam thiab txheeb xyuas ntau txhiab phau ntawv. Thaum kawg, thaum pib ntawm peb lub sijhawm, Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Alexandria muaj ntau txhiab phau ntawv sau thiab suav tias yog phau ntawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub. Cov hauj lwm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb thiab cov kws sau ntawv, cov phau ntawv hauv ntau hom lus tau khaws cia ntawm no. Nws tau hais tias tsis muaj ib qho kev sau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntiaj teb yam tsis muaj daim ntawv luam uas tuaj yeem pom hauv Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Alexandria. Puas muaj ib yam dab tsi ntawm nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia hauv Vatican Library? Keeb kwm tseem nyob ntsiag to txog qhov no.

Yog tias koj ntseeg tias cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, tam sim no hauv Vatican cov chaw tso nyiaj muaj 70,000 cov ntawv sau, 8,000 cov ntawv luam tawm thaum ntxov, ib lab luam tawm, ntau dua 100,000 luam tawm, txog 200,000 daim duab qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv, nrog rau ntau yam kev kos duab uas tsis tuaj yeem suav los ntawm ib daim.. Lub tsev qiv ntawv Vatican nyiam zoo li cov hlau nplaum, tab sis txhawm rau qhia nws cov lus zais, koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog nws cov nyiaj, thiab qhov no tsis yooj yim. Cov neeg nyeem nkag mus rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg yog nruj me ntsis txwv. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau, koj yuav tsum ua daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, piav qhia vim li cas koj thiaj txaus siab. Thiab tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem nkag mus rau Vatican Secret Archives, kaw cov tsev qiv ntawv nyiaj, thiab cov neeg uas Vatican cov tub ceev xwm txiav txim siab txaus los ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb. Txawm hais tias lub tsev qiv ntawv raug txiav txim siab qhib rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb, tsuas yog 150 tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv nws txhua hnub. Raws li tus nqi no, kev kawm txog cov khoom muaj nqis hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv yuav siv sijhawm 1250 xyoo, vim tias tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv lub txee, suav nrog 650 chav haujlwm, yog 85 km.

Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum cov ntawv sau thaum ub, uas, raws li cov kws sau keeb kwm, yog cov cuab yeej ntawm txhua tus noob neej, sim nyiag. Yog li, xyoo 1996, tus kws tshaj lij Asmeskas thiab tus kws sau keeb kwm kos duab tau raug txim vim nyiag ntau nplooj ntawv torn los ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th los ntawm Francesco Petrarca. Niaj hnub no, kwv yees li tsib txhiab tus kws tshawb fawb tau txais kev nkag mus rau lub tsev qiv ntawv txhua xyoo, tab sis tsuas yog Pope muaj cai tshwj xeeb los nqa phau ntawv tawm ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv. Txhawm rau kom tau txais txoj cai ua haujlwm hauv tsev qiv ntawv, koj yuav tsum muaj lub koob npe nrov tsis muaj tseeb. Feem ntau, lub tsev qiv ntawv Vatican yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, vim tias nws txoj kev tiv thaiv yog qhov hnyav dua li ntawm cov nroj tsuag nuclear. Ntxiv nrog rau ntau tus neeg saib xyuas Swiss, lub tsev qiv ntawv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb tau saib xyuas los ntawm lub xeev-ntawm-tus-kos duab tsis siv neeg uas tsim ntau txheej tiv thaiv.

Leonardo da Vinci thiab secrets ntawm Aztecs

Cov cuab yeej cuab tam uas tau sau los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub Koom Txoos Roman Catholic tau rov qab zoo dua los ntawm kev nrhiav tau, pub dawb los yog khaws cia tag nrho cov tsev qiv ntawv. Yog li, Vatican tau txais cov ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm ntau lub tsev qiv ntawv loj tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe: "Urbino", "Palatine", "Heidelberg" thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev qiv ntawv muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv uas tseem tsis tau kawm. Nws kuj muaj qhov tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov kev xav tau nkaus xwb. Piv txwv li, qee cov ntawv sau los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci nto moo, uas tseem tsis tau qhia rau cov pej xeem. Vim li cas? Muaj kev cia siab tias lawv muaj qee yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub koob meej ntawm pawg ntseeg.

Ib qho kev paub tsis meej tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv yog cov phau ntawv tsis meej ntawm Toltec Indians thaum ub. Txhua yam uas paub txog cov phau ntawv no yog tias lawv muaj tiag tiag. Txhua yam yog cov lus xaiv, lus dab neeg thiab kev xav. Raws li kev xav, lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov ploj ntawm Inca kub. Nws kuj tau sib cav tias nws yog lawv uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha txog kev mus ntsib cov neeg txawv teb chaws rau peb lub ntiaj teb thaum ub.

Suav Cagliostro thiab "elixir ntawm cov hluas"

Kuj tseem muaj ib txoj kev xav tias lub tsev qiv ntawv Vatican muaj ib daim qauv ntawm Capiostro cov haujlwm. Muaj ib feem ntawm cov ntawv no piav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm rejuvenation lossis rov tsim dua lub cev: Muaj haus dej haus no, tus neeg tsis nco qab thiab hais lus tau peb hnub.

Feem ntau convulsions, convulsions, profuse hws tshwm nyob rau hauv lub cev. Rov qab los ntawm lub xeev no, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug neeg, txawm li cas los xij, tsis hnov mob, nyob rau hnub peb caug-rau hnub nws yuav siv sij hawm thib peb, kawg nplej ntawm "liab tsov ntxhuav" (xws li elixir), tom qab ntawd nws poob mus rau hauv lub siab so. pw tsaug zog, thaum lub sij hawm uas ib tug neeg ntawm daim tawv nqaij peels tawm, hniav, plaub hau thiab rau tes poob tawm, films tawm los ntawm txoj hnyuv … Tag nrho cov no hlob dua nyob rau hauv ob peb hnub. Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm hnub plaub caug, nws tawm hauv chav ua ib tus neeg tshiab, zoo siab ua tiav …"

Txawm hais tias qhov kev piav qhia no suab zoo heev, nws yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum rov ua dua ib txoj kev paub me me ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab "Kaya Kappa", uas tau nqis los rau peb los ntawm Is Nrias teb thaum ub. Qhov kev qhia zais cia rau kev rov qab los ntawm cov hluas tau coj ob zaug los ntawm Indian Tapaswiji, uas nyob rau 185 xyoo. Thawj zaug nws rejuvenated siv txoj kev "Kaya Kappa", mus txog 90 xyoo. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias nws qhov kev hloov pauv txuj ci tseem ceeb kuj siv 40 hnub, thiab nws tau pw tsaug zog feem ntau. Tom qab plaub caug hnub, cov plaub hau thiab cov hniav tshiab tau loj hlob, thiab cov hluas thiab lub zog rov qab los rau hauv nws lub cev. Qhov sib npaug nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Count Cagliostro yog qhov pom tseeb heev, yog li nws muaj peev xwm hais tias cov lus xaiv hais txog cov elixir rejuvenating yog tiag tiag.

Puas tau daim ntaub thaiv?

Xyoo 2012, Vatican Apostolic Library thawj zaug tso cai rau qee yam ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm sab nraum lub Xeev Dawb Huv thiab tso rau txhua tus pom ntawm Capitoline Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Rome. Lub txiaj ntsim uas Vatican ua rau Rome thiab tag nrho lub ntiaj teb ua raws li cov hom phiaj yooj yim heev. "Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov dab neeg dab neeg thiab rhuav tshem cov dab neeg uas nyob ib puag ncig qhov kev sau zoo ntawm tib neeg kev paub," piav qhia tom qab ntawd Gianni Venditti, tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus saib xyuas ntawm lub rooj nthuav qhia nrog lub cim lub npe "Lub teeb hauv qhov tsaus ntuj".

Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas tau nthuav tawm yog qhov qub thiab muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm yuav luag 1200 xyoo, nthuav tawm cov nplooj ntawv keeb kwm uas tsis tau muaj ua ntej rau pej xeem. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia, txhua tus xav paub tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv sau, papal bulls, kev txiav txim los ntawm kev sim siab ntawm heretics, encrypted cov ntawv, tus kheej sau ntawv ntawm pontiffs thiab emperors … Qee qhov nthuav qhia tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav qhia yog cov feeb ntawm kev sim siab. Galileo Galilei, tus nyuj hais txog Martin Luther lub excommunication los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thiab ib tsab ntawv Michelangelo ntawm kev vam meej ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug ntawm xya pilgrimage basilica nyob rau hauv Rome - lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm San Pietro nyob rau hauv Vincoli.