Warrior maidens nyob rau hauv Russia epics

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Cov duab ntawm cov tub rog tub rog yog ib qho kev kawm nrov hauv ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Amazons, Valkyries, poj niam gladiators nyob rau hauv Ancient Rome thiab Lavxias teb sab "glades" yog heroes. Lo lus nws tus kheej los ntawm cov lus qhia "Pole" - mus rau lub tshav pob ntawm kev ua tub rog, nrhiav tub rog thiab koom nrog kev sib tw nrog lawv. "Kultura. RF" nco txog cov tub rog siab tawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab epics.

Vasilisa Mikulishna

Sergey Solomko. "Vasilisa Mikulishna". Xyoo 1911

Ilya Repin. "Vasilisa Mikulishna". Xyoo 1903-1904. State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Russia

Vasilisa Mikulishna. Ncej los ntawm cov tas luav. Qhia los ntawm Roman Davydov. Xyoo 1975

Tus hero yog Mikula Selyaninovich Vasilisa tus ntxhais, uas tau los ua tus poj niam ntawm boyar Stavr Godinovich los ntawm thaj av Lyakhovitskaya, Chernigov-grad. Thaum lub tsiab peb caug ntawm tus tub huabtais Vladimir lub tsev, nws khav ntawm nws tus poj niam rau cov qhua:

Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb chav tsev - ib tug hluas nkauj, Hluas Vasilisa, tus ntxhais ntawm Nikulishna.

Nws muaj lub ntsej muag dawb, raws nraim cov daus dawb, Lub pob tw yog cov noob poppy, Cov plaub hau dub ntawm cov sable dub, Lub qhov muag ntshiab yog qhov tseeb rau tus falcon, Nrog rau lub siab mob siab rau, nws yog cunning-wise.

Raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov tub huabtais khib, tub huabtais Vladimir muab Stavr nyob rau hauv ib tug earthen cellar, thiab xa cov heroes Alyosha Popovich thiab Dobrynya Nikitich rau lub zoo Vasilisa. Tom qab kawm txog kev thuam thiab kev txom nyem uas tau tshwm sim rau nws tus txiv, Vasilisa Mikulishna txiav nws cov plaub hau daj, zais nws tus kheej ua ib tus phooj ywg zoo thiab tawm nrog 50 tus neeg caij nees mus rau lub nroog Kiev. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev, kuv tau ntsib cov heroes-cov tub txib ntawm Vladimir thiab, posing ua tus formidable ambassador ntawm Vasilisa Mikulishna, Vasily Vasilyevich, deployed lub peev tus tub txib.

Tus tub huabtais muab tus tub hluas ua kev txais tos ncaj ncees, tab sis Ntxhais fuabtais Apraksia pom tias ib tug poj niam tau nkaum hauv ib tug txiv neej lub npe: “Qhov no yog Vasilisa, raws nraim tus ntxhais ntawm Mikulishna; / Nws taug kev hauv pem teb ntsiag to, / zaum ntawm lub rooj ntev zaum - nws nyem nws lub hauv caug. " Tus poj niam siab tawv yuav tsum dhau mus rau kev sim siab: Vasilisa steamed hauv qhov kub "steam da dej", ua si phaib thiab tawm tsam nrog lwm tus phab ej. Yog li ntawd, nws thov kom tus tub huabtais tso Stavr Godinovich los ntawm captivity thiab mus tsev nrog nws tus txiv.

Nastasya Mikulishna

Nicholas Roerich. "Nastasya Mikulishna". 1943. Novosibirsk State Art Museum

Konstantin Vasiliev. "Nastasya Mikulishna". Xyoo 1968

"Lub rattle ntawm daring, tus ntxhais ntawm Mikula Selyaninovich." Ib qho excerpt ntawm cov duab rau lub epic txog Vasily Buslaev rau lub "Jester" magazine. 1898. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias teb sab

Vasilisa tus viv ncaus, tus ntxhais yau ntawm Mikula Selyaninovich, yog tus poj niam ntawm Dobrynya Nikitich. Lawv tau ntsib nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib teb, qhov twg tus hero mus tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog tus nab Gorynych. Ntawm txoj kev, nws pom ib tug bold hero, txiav txim siab mus xyuas "Los yog Dobrynya tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv lub qub txoj kev? / Los yog nws tseem tsis tau tuav? ":

Kuv ntes tau Dobrynya Polyanitsa, Kuv yog tus phab ej, Ntaus lub Polyanitsa nrog lub club damask, Yog, ntaus nws lub taub hau ntawm kev tawm tsam.

Polyanitsa yuav rov qab saib ntawm no, Polyanitsa hais tias cov no yog cov lus:

- Kuv xav tias yoov tshaj cum tom kuv, Thiab qhov no yog Lavxias teb sab hero clicks.

Hauv kev sib tw, Polyanitsa yeej Dobrynya. Lawv nyiam ib leeg, thiab tus hero wooed nws: "Peb muaj ib tug tshoob thiab ua tiav nws." Tom qab ntawd, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vladimir xa Dobrynya mus rau qhov chaw tiv thaiv Niam Russia los ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab. Nastasya Mikulishna, zoo li Penelope, tau tos nws tus hlub rau 12 xyoo ntev. Lub sijhawm no, lwm tus neeg tsis paub zoo, Alyosha Popovich, ua rau nws ob peb zaug. Tom qab rau xyoo ntawm Dobrynin ua hauj lwm, nws coj xov xwm ntawm nws "tuag" rau nws tus poj niam, thiab 12 xyoo tom qab nws tuaj txog nrog tus huab tais thiab ntxhais huabtais mus ua si ib tug tshoob nrog Polyanitsa. Lub sijhawm no "lawv tsis tau coj nws - lawv tsis xav tau." Dobrynya kawm txog kev ua koob tsheej nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab tuaj rau lub tsiab peb caug raws li ib tug uninvited qhua nrog ib tug harp. Nws tuav Alyosha Popovich, coj Nastasya Mikulishna thiab rov qab mus rau nws lub tsev dawb-pob zeb.

Thiab lawv tau pib nyob nrog Nastasya Mikulishna, Twb tau, lawv pib ua neej zoo dua qub.

Nastasya Okulevna

Sergey Solomko. "Marya Swan Dawb"

Ivan Bilibin. "Mikhailo Potyk". Xyoo 1902

Leonid Kiparisov. "Mikhailo Potyk thiab Marya Lebed Dawb". 2016

"Soul-maiden" Nastasya Okulevna yog ib tug ntawm cov heroines ntawm cov lus dab neeg txog tus hero Mikhailo Potyk. Nws cawm nws ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm nws tus qub poj niam, Marya White Swan. Thaum Mikhailo tawm tsam nrog cov yeeb ncuab hauv thaj teb qhib, Marya tau los ua Tsar tus hlub thiab nrog nws mus. Rov qab los, tus hero rushed tom qab nws, poob rau hauv lub ntxiab ntawm nws cunning tus poj niam ntawm txoj kev: nws haus ib tug tsaug zog potion-wine, poob rau hauv ib tug tob qhov tob, tig mus rau hauv ib tug combustible pebble. Lub sijhawm kawg, thaum qaug dej qaug cawv, Marya muab nws ntsia rau hauv qab daus ntawm phab ntsa zeb thiab tso nws tuag. Nws yog thaum ntawd Tsar tus muam, Nastasya Okulevna, cawm Mikhaila:

Yuav ua li cas yog no Nastasya ntawm Okulevna

Tsis ntev, tsis ntev nws khiav mus rau lub forge, Nws coj cov hlua hlau nyob ntawd, Tshem cov tub ceev xwm tawm ntawm phab ntsa

Thiab Mikhaylushka Potyka tseem hluas.

Nws kho nws cov qhov txhab, thiab los ntawm kev txawj ntse coj tawm ib tug saber thiab ib tug hero lub club, ib tug zoo nees, los ntawm nws tus tij laug. Mikhailo rov qab mus rau lub tsev huab tais, tua nws tus poj niam thiab vaj ntxwv. Nws tau sib yuav Nastasya Okulevna thiab pib kav.

Nastasya Korolevicna

Nikolay Karazin. "Danube Ivanovich tua nws tus poj niam." Xyoo 1885

Konstantin Vasiliev. "Lub hnub yug ntawm lub Danube". Xyoo 1974

Sergey Solomko. "Nastasya Korolevichna"

Nastasya Korolevichna yog tus hlub ntawm Danube Ivanovich. Tus phab ej tau ntsib nws thaum nws mus rau Lithuania rau woo Prince Vladimir, tus ntxhais huab tais Apraks. Apraksya txiv, tus huab tais Lithuanian Danila Manoilovich, tsis muab nws tus ntxhais rau cov matchmakers, thiab ces tus heroes coj nws mus los ntawm kev quab yuam. Muam Nastasya mus tom qab "tau txais nkauj nyab".

Nws caij mus nrhiav hla ib thaj chaw ntshiab, Thiab nws caij ntawm ib tug heroic nees

Yog lawm, kuv tau ntxuav thaj teb rau qhov chaw uas muaj koob meej;

Tus nees galloped rau ib mais, Txog rau nws lub hauv caug nws gagged rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, Nws txeeb nws ob txhais ceg ntawm lub ntiaj teb, Nyob rau ntawm lub hav txwv yeem, nws twisted lub earthen, Rau peb kev txhaj tshuaj, nws pov cov pob zeb pov tseg.

Danube Ivanovich nkag mus rau hauv ib tug duel nrog ib tug daring Polyanitsa thiab sai sai - raws li nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lwm yam epics - ua rau nws ib tug kev. Thiab Nastasya Korolevichna txais nws.

Ob lub tshoob tau ua kev zoo siab hauv Kiev. Txawm li cas los xij, Danube Ivanovich thiab nws tus poj niam hluas tsis nyob ua ke ntev. Tus bogatyr qee yam khav theeb ntawm nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, thiab Nastasya Korolevichna tawm tsam nws: "Tab sis kuv tsis phem dua li koj li, kuv lub zog loj dua koj li, thiab kuv tuav tau deb dua koj."

Cov kab lus no ua rau nws lub meej mom - thiab nws tau twv nws tus poj niam mus rau kev sib tw. Txhua tus yuav tsum tau ntaus nrog ib tug xub nyob rau hauv ib lub nplhaib nyiaj ntawm tus nrog sib ntaus lub taub hau. Polyanitsa ntaus, tab sis Danube Ivanovich tua nws tus poj niam. Thaum kawm tias nws tau nqa tus menyuam hauv plab, tus phab ej tau hmuv rau hauv nws tus kheej ntawm kev tu siab. Los ntawm nws cov ntshav tau yug los ntawm tus dej Danube, thiab los ntawm cov ntshav ntawm Nastasya Korolevichna - tus dej Nepra.

Tus ntxhais ntawm Ilya Muromets

Viktor Vasnetsov. Heroic swb. 1914. House-Museum of V. M. Vasnetsova

Konstantin Vasiliev. Ilya Muromets hauv kev sib cav nrog Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vladimir. Xyoo 1974

Evgeny Shitikov. Ilya Muromets. Kev kos duab. Xyoo 1981

Lub mysterious heroine tau piav nyob rau hauv lub epic "Ilya Murometsi nws tus ntxhais". Raws li zaj dab neeg, ib tug tsis paub Polyanitsa - ib tug tub rog tub txib saum ntuj - tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub heroic outpost:

Ay tshem tawm cov glades zoo, Ib tug nees nyob hauv qab nws zoo li lub roob muaj zog, Polyanitsa ntawm horseback zoo li senna mop, Nws muaj lub kaus mom ntawm nws lub taub hau

Auj, tus fluffy nws tus kheej yog veiled, Koj tsis tuaj yeem pom lub ntsej muag ntsej muag nyob rau pem hauv ntej

Thiab los ntawm sab nraub qaum tsis pom lub caj dab dawb.

Dhau los, nws thuam tus phab ej. Ilya Muromets tau caw nws cov phooj ywg-hauv-pob caj npab los tawm tsam nrog tus ntxhais uas txaus ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog tus tub rog, uas "nrog ib txhais tes khaws lub club, zoo li ua si nrog swan's plaub." Thiab ces tus hero nws tus kheej mus rau lub rooj sib tham nrog Polyanitsa. Lawv sib ntaus sib tua ntev heev - nrog cov koom haum, hmuv, thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua - thiab tam sim ntawd lawv pib tham. Tom qab nug qhov twg Polyanitsa tuaj ntawm, Ilya Muromets pom nws tus ntxhais ua ib tug hero, puag nws thiab tso nws mus. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev nws rov qab los, npaj tua nws txiv tsaug zog. Lub sijhawm no, tus phab ej tau kov yeej nws cov yeeb ncuab thiab pub rau cov hma grey thiab cov crows dub.

Hauv cov phiaj xwm epic, Ilya Muromets tau ntsib nrog Polyany ntau dua ib zaug. Ntawm lawv yog tus poj niam ntawm tus hero Savishna, thiab Zlatigorka, uas yug tau ib tug tub.