Renaissance foob pob hluav taws

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Yog li, nws yog ib qho kev paub uas foob pob hluav taws tau tso rau hauv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub sixties ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj - Gagarin nrog paj waving nws txhais tes affably. Ua ntej no, lawv muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Ib daim duab pops nrog roaring Katyushas, pob hluav taws rau ntawm German txoj hauj lwm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, pej xeem kev nco qab rov qab ob centuries ib zaug, thiab peb pom muaj yeeb yuj foob pob hluav taws ntawm Petrovsky pob. Tom qab ntawd ib qho kev tsaus ntuj nti rau ib thiab ib nrab txhiab xyoo thiab, thaum kawg, muaj ib daim duab uas cov Suav thaum ub tau tsim cov foob pob hluav taws heev thiab tsim tawm. Thiab yog tag nrho.

Txawm li cas los xij, tus qauv ntawm kev hloov pauv mus rau pem hauv ntej kev loj hlob ntawm rocketry, uas tau tsim rau hauv zej zog, yog qhov tseem ceeb heev thiab muaj ntau cov lus nug qhib.

Qhov tseeb keeb kwm txawv ntawm peb lub tswv yim li cas

Thawj qhov uas los rau hauv siab yog vim li cas cov foob pob hluav taws tsuas yog siv rau kev lom zem hauv lub sijhawm ntawm Peter lub Great? Tom qab tag nrho, rau kev ua tsov ua rog, txiv neej tau yoog txhua yam uas nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag. Yog li, piv txwv li, sib ntaus sib tua kab mob, flails rau threshing grain (nunchucks) thiab txawm sib ntaus sib tua rakes tshwm. Thiab ntawm no peb muaj lub davhlau siab ceev, ntau yam zoo, lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub suab nrov. Yuav ua li cas lawv tsis tau twv ua qhov no?

Peb nug ib lo lus nug thiab tam sim ntawd cov lus teb tau pom - lawv twv nws thiab yooj yim sib ntaus sib tua nrog cuaj luaj, tsawg kawg txij li xyoo pua 17th. Ua li cas, koj tsis paub qhov ntawd? Zoo, cia peb xav tsis thoob ua ke. Cia peb pib nrog lub xyoo pua 19th nyob rau hauv kev coj ua qhov teeb meem qub. Dahl cov lus zoo hais tias:

Zoo li no! Twb tau nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, thaum phau ntawv txhais lus tau sau, muaj ib tug nyob rau hauv Russia. Kuj tseem muaj roj teeb thiab tuam txhab sib ntaus sib tua missile units. Kuj tseem muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb foob pob hluav taws. Raws li cov lus hais mus: "Nrog lub foob pob hluav taws salvo, los ntawm txhua qhov kev teeb tsa, raws li Napoleon pli-i-i !!!".

Cov npe ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas tau txhim kho lub foob pob hluav taws thaum lub sijhawm ntawd kuj paub - Alexander Zasyadko thiab Konstantin Konstantinov.

(Xib Fwb A. Kosmodemyansky)

Nws hloov tawm hais tias England thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th muaj xws li riam phom. Qhov ntau ntawm lawv cov missiles mus txog 2,700 meters, uas tsis yog phem kiag li. Tab sis lub davhlau ntau ntawm peb cov missiles tsuas yog amazing - 3000 … 6000 meters. Qhov no yog ib qho txwv tsis pub muaj rau thaj tsam thiab siege artillery ntawm lub sijhawm.

(piv txwv li peb tab tom tham, tsawg kawg, txog ob-theem cuaj luaj, -.)

… (Wikipedia)

Ntau cov ntsiab lus ntxiv txog kev siv foob pob hluav taws hauv xyoo pua 19th tuaj yeem pom hauv phau ntawv los ntawm Boris Lyapunov "Cov lus dab neeg ntawm missiles":

(Lyapunov B. V. "Cov dab neeg hais txog foob pob hluav taws", Lub tsev luam ntawv ntawm Gosenergoizdat, Moscow, 1950)

Rocket antiquity

Qhov no yog li cas xyoo pua 19th tau dhau los ua rocketry. Kuv xav tias cov skeptics tsis muaj dab tsi los cam ntawm no. Yog li cia peb dhia mus rau hauv cov hnub qub:

(Ib Phau Ntawv Qhia Qhia Txog Kev Pab Tub Rog, Tshooj III, St. Petersburg, 1878).

Nws zoo nkaus li tias nws tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th uas qhov pib ntawm kev siv tub rog siv foob pob hluav taws thev naus laus zis tau cim tseg, tab sis tom qab ntawd peb pom lub tshuab foob pob hluav taws ntau dhau lawm, thiab tsis yog nyob rau hauv "enlightened" sab hnub poob. Nov yog qhov nws sau Y. Golovanov nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv "Txoj Kev mus rau Cosmodrome":

(Tshooj 7. Cov xib xub hluav taws).

Nws hloov tawm tias hauv Is Nrias teb xyoo pua 18th muaj ib tug tsim thiab muaj ntau yam missile armament nrog ib tug deb ntawm txog 1000 meters. Cov neeg Askiv, hauv lawv qhov kev sim luam nws, ua tiav ib nrab ntawm qhov ntau, thiab txoj kev ya davhlau tsis ruaj khov. Tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb tias yuav tsum muaj keeb kwm ntawm missile riam phom thiab mus txog qhov no. Nws tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm Isdias Asmesliskas ib zaug hauv daim ntawv tiav thiab zoo meej. Thiab muaj ib zaj dab neeg zoo li no. Tshwj xeeb, Golovanov qhia cov hauv qab no:

(Tshooj 7. Cov xib xub hluav taws).

Yog li ntawd, 1516 xyoo. Lub Zaporozhye Cossacks siv lub foob pob hluav taws los npaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov yeeb ncuab lub yeej rog. Tab sis zam txim rau kuv, cov no tsis yog hluav taws kub xwb. Cov khoom no. Ntawd yog, cov no yog cov khoom siv foob pob hluav taws, ua rau muaj ntau yam nqi. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev sib dhos tshuab thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm twb paub rau lawv thaum ntawd.

Yog li, qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej ntawm foob pob hluav taws technologies txhua lub sij hawm tshwm sim txawm nyob rau hauv lub official keeb kwm. Thiab txhua txhua lub sij hawm nws yog perceived raws li ib tug tshwm sim keeb kwm. Lub qhov ncauj twb puv ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no, thiab tsis muaj leej twg xav txiav txim siab.

Renaissance multistage combat missiles

Tus kheej, kuv, ib tug engineer paub txog niaj hnub foob pob hluav taws, ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

(Wikipedia. Kazimir Semenvich)

Tab sis qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tiag tiag rau cov neeg tsim tswv yim. Hauv cov lus piav qhia hauv phau ntawv no, peb pom cov foob pob hluav taws niaj hnub. Thiab qhov no yog cov pov thawj ncaj qha tias cov thev naus laus zis ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd (lossis tsis ntev ua ntej ntawd) ua rau nws tuaj yeem ua kom foob pob hluav taws nyob ze rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv roj niaj hnub, nrog rau kev zam, tej zaum, ntawm qis zog siv.

Niaj hnub no, cov foob pob hluav taws zoo li no tau nruab nrog cov hmoov tsis muaj pa taws, uas yog 1, 5 … 2 zaug zoo dua. Qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws qhia meej meej lub peev xwm ntawm cov cuab yeej technology thiab qib kev paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev khiav ntawm cov txheej txheem, thaum lub sij hawm tso tawm thiab lub davhlau.

Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, muaj ib tug tuag qhov tseeb - Semyonovich lub missiles yog nruab nrog NOZZLES los yog lwm yam foob pob ua ntxaij JUZES.

Qhov tseeb yog tias nws yog precisely lub nqaim ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij nozzle uas yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb rau accelerating lub emission gases. Qhov zoo ntawm lub nozzle tso cai rau kom tau txais cov khoom muaj zog ntawm cov tshuab foob pob hluav taws niaj hnub:

(Lyapunov B. V. "Cov dab neeg hais txog foob pob hluav taws", Lub tsev luam ntawv ntawm Gosenergoizdat, Moscow, 1950)

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, cov koom haum tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov foob pob hluav taws nozzles. Ntau cov nyiaj txiag thiab kev txawj ntse tau mob siab rau txoj haujlwm no. Ib zaug ntxiv, nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm 18th thiab 19th centuries, muaj ib qho kev nkag siab tsis meej ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub caij no. Muaj tsuas yog tsis muaj nozzle nyob ntawd.

Yog li ntawd Kazimir Semenvich, ib haiv neeg ntawm Dawb Russia, tuaj qhov twg? 1600 xyoo kom paub txog xws li intricacies ntawm roj dynamics? Tom qab tag nrho, nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv rau Renaissance foob pob ua ntxaij zaum, nws kos raws nraim lub geometry ntawm lub nozzles uas yog siv thiab hnub no.

Tau kawg, nws tsis tuaj yeem sib cav tias lub nozzles hauv nws lub foob pob hluav taws tau nrawm nrawm ntawm cov pa roj mus rau supersonic ceev, vim peb tsis paub lawv qhov ntev npaum li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb tias lawv tau tsim cov kws tshaj lij thiab nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws lub cav yog dhau qhov tsis ntseeg.

Qhov xwm txheej loj hauv lej yog kev siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws los ntawm cov neeg tsim foob pob hluav taws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Tsawg tus neeg paub tias nyob hauv Europe thaum lub sijhawm ntawd peb cov lej Vedic tsis paub tiag tiag. Peb tau sim ua qee yam tsim cov kev paub tsis meej uas tau txais los ntawm peb cov neeg nyob ze (los ntawm peb). Nws tig tawm phem. Yog li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev suav cov tsis muaj kev txav ntawm lub cev nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj (foob pob ua ntxaij) tau piav qhia thawj zaug hauv lub moj khaum ntawm Western science nkaus xwb. I. V. Meshchersky … Cov kev suav ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 tseem siv niaj hnub no.

Tsiolkovsky tus qauv, uas txuas ntxiv txhim kho kev ua lej ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws, qhia tau hais tias qhov loj ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws nws tus kheej cuam tshuam li cas ntawm cov roj thiab nws lub davhlau ceev. Ua ntej nws, tsis muaj leej twg xav txog qhov no hauv kev nthuav dav. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, heev formulation ntawm cov lus nug ntawm xa me nyuam rov ntau tshaj ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev sib cais theem yog tsis yooj yim sua. Kazimir Semenovich nyob rau hauv 1650 tsis muaj kev ua lej los daws qhov teeb meem no.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, thaum qhov ua tsis tau tiav ntawm qhov muaj nyob ntawm qhov tiag tiag tau raug pov thawj, qee cov neeg tawm tsam xav tau pib tham txog kev xav thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau qhov kev sim siab thiab kev ua yuam kev. Hais, thiab tsis tas yuav suav dab tsi, yog li lawv tau ua los ntawm qhov muag.

Tab sis xav rau koj tus kheej, rau tus artilleryman nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua lej uas yog qhov tseem ceeb. Thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntau dua (tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam), qhov kev cia siab tsawg dua yuav tau txais qhov twg. Thiab yog tias tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los xam lub davhlau ntau ntawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua peb qhov me me xwb, tab sis nrog kev lees paub ntawm kev ntaus lub hom phiaj.

Thiab raws li rau ntau qhov kev sim siab, qhov no feem ntau tsis loj. Ib lub foob pob hluav taws ntau theem siv roj txaus rau kev sib ntaus zoo. Qhov twg yuav nrhiav tau cov neeg txhawb nqa uas yuav pom zoo siv sijhawm kawg ntawm ntau pua qhov kev sib tw khiav. Feem ntau, xijpeem ib tug yuav hais, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm peb lub tswv yim txog yav dhau los, lub hav zoov ntawm xws missiles ua ntej lub xyoo pua 20th yog tsis yooj yim sua. Thiab txij li thaum lawv yog, ces peb yuav tsum nthuav lub moj khaum no.

Tam sim no cia peb xaus. Lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm xyoo pua 19th tsis muaj qhov zoo ntawm tus Tsov tus tw, lub nozzle thiab faib cov theem. Lawv tau nruab nrog tib cov hmoov dub, tab sis txawm yog li ntawd lawv muaj qhov ruaj khov li ntawm 3000 m, thiab qee zaus mus txog 6000 m. Cov cuaj luaj uas tau piav qhia nyob rau xyoo pua 17th tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo no. Lawv ya tau deb npaum li cas?

Yog li, nyob zoo cov neeg nyeem, Kuv qhia rau koj tias cov foob pob hluav taws tau piav qhia los ntawm Kazimir Semenovich hauv 1650nruab nrog zoo nozzles, muaj ib tug niaj hnub layout, tail unit thiab siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov theem, yuav ua tau zoo tsub nqi nqa khoom nyob rau hauv ntev kev deb. kaum kilometers … Cov missiles no tuaj yeem nqa lub taub hau hnyav hnyav hnyav tshaj 80 kg.

Peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov no, ua rau lub siab hais txog qee lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, nrog rau tag nrho lawv qhov tsis zoo, muaj qhov zoo sib xws. Ib tug tsis tuaj yeem tab sis xyuam xim rau ntau yam kev tsim kho uas tau piav qhia los ntawm tus sau. Cov txheej txheem nplua nuj ntawm kev daws teeb meem no qhia tsuas yog ib qho - hais txog qhov kev paub ntev ntawm kev siv foob pob hluav taws technology thiaj li ua tau ntau yam dej num.

Peb yuav tham txog cov haujlwm no, vim tias kev foob pob hluav taws yog qhov muag muag, raug nqi thiab mob siab rau kev lag luam. Yog tsis muaj kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, tsis muaj leej twg yuav ua qhov no.

Vim li cas ib tug crusader xav tau lub foob pob hluav taws?

Ib lo lus nug nthuav tshwm sim: Thiab dab tsi kev sib ntaus sib tua missions yuav tsum tau ib tug loj peb-theem missile nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm 10 … 15 km, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th ua?

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov missiles yuav tsum hem tus yeeb ncuab mus rau hauv tag nrho kev ntshai thiab incontinence. Tab sis qhov tseeb, qhov kev xav yog qhov ruam, vim tias kev sib ntaus sib tua tau koom nrog cov tub rog caij nyoog, thiab tsis koom nrog kev sib tw gay. Panic tsis zoo rau cov neeg zoo li no. Thiab qhov pom ntawm ib tug txiv neej txiav nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm ib tug saber yog ntau demoralizing ntau tshaj xuav thiab hlawv kav.

Qhov no tuaj yeem, tau kawg, ua haujlwm hauv thawj feeb, yog tias nws tsis tshua pom. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov chaw qhia tias ntau tus neeg twb paub txog foob pob hluav taws nyob rau xyoo pua 17th.

Tom qab tag nrho, lub foob pob hluav taws tsis yog scarecrows, tab sis yog riam phom tiag tiag. Dab tsi ua puas tsuaj nws muaj? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, incendiary thiab high-explosive. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia yooj yim heev. Nws yog contraindicated rau lub foob pob hluav taws kom muaj qhov hnyav ntau. Ntawd yog, nws yog qhov hnyav, tab sis feem ntau ntawm qhov loj yog roj. Qhov me me yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub taub hau. Thiab lub cev nws tus kheej thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm lub taub hau yuav tsum yog lub teeb yuag li sai tau.

Yog li nws hloov tawm hais tias nws tau nruab nrog ib txwm incendiary los yog tawg compositions. Cov khoom tawg, thaum ignited, tsim ib qho kev poob siab. Nws yog qhov kev puas tsuaj. Cov nqi no hu ua av mines. Lawv tsis tau siv rau lub sij hawm ntev vim lawv cov efficiency tsawg. Tam sim no siv cov mos txwv tawg tawg loj heev. Lawv, ntxiv rau cov nthwv dej, tsim cov huab ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Fragments feem ntau tau los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa loj ntawm cov mos txwv. Nyob rau hauv lub foob pob hluav taws, xws li kev daws teeb meem yog siv me ntsis vim qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv.

Nyob rau hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II, cov foob pob tawg siab tau siv los tshem cov vaj tse pob zeb thiab tua cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub ntiaj teb embankments, ua ntej ua tiav nrog cov pob zeb tho pob zeb. Ntawd yog, siv foob pob hluav taws los tsoo cov phab ntsa fortress yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Incendiary compositions yog ntau haum rau ntawm no. Qhov no yog lawv daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov missiles luv luv yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov hom phiaj zoo li no. Ib kilometer txaus. Yuav ua li cas yog multistage?

Cov missiles muaj ib tug ntxiv feature - tsis tshua muaj neeg ntaus raug. Txawm tias niaj hnub no, cov foob pob hluav taws tsis siv neeg siv feem ntau hauv ntau lub foob pob hluav taws, qhov tseeb ntawm txhua tus neeg foob pob hluav taws tsis cuam tshuam. Yog hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los npaj cov hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub fortress phab ntsa, qhov tseeb yog tseem txaus, yog hais tias tsuas yog ya hla phab ntsa.

Tab sis xav txog tias koj lub foob pob hluav taws muaj qhov deb ntawm 10 kilometers. Lub fortress koj xav mus rau yog hais txog ib thiab ib nrab kilometers nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla. Qhov kwv yees qhov chaw tawg, qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yuav yog li 3 mais ntawm txoj kab uas hla. Nws yog unrealistic mus rau hauv.

Thiab tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau tua hluav taws ntawm lub nroog besieged los ntawm qhov deb li ntawd. Cov phom loj ntawm cov neeg tiv thaiv tsis tua ntau tshaj li ob peb puas meters ib ncig ntawm lub nroog. Nrog xws li dispersion ntawm cov missiles ntev, koj tuaj yeem nco tag nrho cov tub rog.

Lwm lub ntsiab lus uas cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov cuaj luaj ntev nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th yog qhov tsis pom kev. Lub hom phiaj qhov twg yog lub hom phiaj tsis pom? Tam sim no, thaum cov phom loj ua haujlwm ntawm lub hom phiaj mus txog 40 km deb, muaj kev tshawb nrhiav thiab tua hluav taws. Lawv raug xa mus ua ntej, thiab sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg tua phom hauv xov tooj cua lossis xov tooj hauv xov tooj. Yuav ua li cas thiaj li tsim tau ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th? Txawm tias cov xub nrog sau ntawv thiab cov neeg nqa khoom nquab tsis zoo li yuav pab tau ntawm no - qhov ua tau zoo tsis zoo ib yam.

Missiles - nqa riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj

Yog hais tias koj tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub conquest ntawm qhov chaw, ces foob pob ua ntxaij tshuab hnub no muaj ob lub ntsiab kev siv. Txij li thaum tus qauv tsim thiab ballistics nta tsis tau muaj kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb txij li xyoo pua 17th, peb tuaj yeem hais tias cov foob pob hluav taws no tau nyob hauv niches txawm tias thaum ntawd.

Thawj daim ntawv thov, cov no yog lub teeb portable artillery systems rau infantry, thiab ua ke nrog lawv yog recoilless riam phom rau installation nyob rau hauv lub tsheb, lub teeb armored tsheb, helicopters, dav hlau, thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov no yog vim lub zog ntawm recoilless tso tawm ntawm ib qho (txawm loj) foob pob hluav taws projectile. Piv txwv li, yog tias peb xav muab peb cov tsheb kauj vab sib ntaus sib tua siab, ces peb muab tso rau ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws me me uas hnyav 5 … 10 kilograms, thiab peb tau txais ib qho analogue ntawm 100 … 200 kilogram phom. Koj tuaj yeem tua ntawm kev txav mus los, tus neeg caij tsheb kauj vab yuav tsis raug mob.

Ib yam tuaj yeem hais txog lub xyoo pua 17th. Cov phom ntawm lub zog sib piv thaum lub sijhawm ntawd yeej hnyav dua nyob rau lub sijhawm, thiab yog li ntawd tsawg dua txawb. Ntawm no cov missiles kom meej meej muaj ib lub caij nyoog los txhim kho lawv tus kheej. Peb xav ua ntej hais tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th tsis muaj cov chaw taws teeb tswj technologies rau lub foob pob ua ntxaij ya. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsis tam sim no xav tias nws yog ib tug high-precision ntev-ntev riam phom. Txawm tias niaj hnub no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb niche, khov kho nyob rau hauv lub foob pob ua ntxaij tshuab. Cia peb txav mus rau hauv daim ntawv thov kawg.

Thib obthiab daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev muaj peev xwm xa tawm mus ntev riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj … Yog tias koj tau ua tub rog nrog kev ua phem qias neeg loj, xws li tshuaj lom neeg, bacteriological thiab, ntawm chav kawm, riam phom nuclear, thiab "khoom plig" no yuav tsum raug xa mus rau thaj chaw uas cov yeeb ncuab cov tub rog muaj zog, ces tsuas yog ob txoj kev tuaj yeem ua tau - ib qho dav hlau los yog foob pob ua ntxaij. Ntxiv mus, lub foob pob hluav taws zoo dua, vim tias nws nyuaj rau tua nws vim nws qhov kev kub ceev thiab me me. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug riam phom nuclear, tus tsav lub swb yog cais.

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntaus tsis muaj teeb meem. Tom qab tag nrho, riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab hla thaj tsam loj ntawm ntau square kilometers.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xa qhov "xav tsis thoob" deb ntawm koj tus kheej, tsuas yog li 10 mais. Thiab ces, txawm li cas cua hloov. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj qhov nyuaj, siv sijhawm thiab kim ntau lub foob pob hluav taws. Nov yog nws tus hlub lub sij hawm teem tau zoo tshaj plaws … Rau qhov no, nws tsim yog tsim nyog thiab txaus.

cov lus xaus

1. Cov riam phom missile muaj nyob thiab tau siv rau lub sijhawm ntev, ua ntej tshaj li xyoo pua 17th. Qhov no yog indisputable, txij li thaum nyob rau hauv Kazimir Semenovich phau ntawv ntawm 1650 nws tau piav nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo meej daim ntawv thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug lossis loj ntau yam. Tsawg kawg yog qhov hais tias lub foob pob hluav taws thev naus laus zis coj Mughal Tartars (Tatar Mongols) mus rau Tebchaws Europe. nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th.

2. Tsis muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab foob pob hluav taws. Kom txog rau thaum lub xyoo pua 17th, qhov kev tsim zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov cuaj luaj tau siab heev (xws li thawj peb ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th). Los ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, muaj kev degradation ntawm hom riam phom no. Kev nce qib tshiab hauv kev txhim kho thiab siv cov foob pob hluav taws pib thaum xyoo pua 19th, thiab txuas ntxiv mus yuav luag 100 xyoo. Russia yog thawj coj hauv cheeb tsam no.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, rau qee qhov laj thawj tsis paub, nyob rau hauv txhua lub teb chaws, cov foob pob hluav taws raug tshem tawm ntawm kev pabcuam (raws li cov ntawv tshaj tawm, nrog rau cov tsos ntawm cov phom ntev ntev). Qhov no yog ib txwm tsis yog vim li cas, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv tib yam kev mob nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, rocketry pib loj hlob sai dua. Ntawd yog, foob pob hluav taws thev naus laus zis tau ua kom qeeb qeeb.

Nws ua raws li niaj hnub no peb muaj xws li missiles uas ib zaug muaj (nrog rau kev zam ntawm kev tswj systems; tsuas yog tsis muaj pov thawj). Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub, cov theem sib cais, foob pob ua ntxaij nozzles, tail unit - tag nrho cov no twb tau piav qhia. hauv 1650 … Thiab thaum lub sij hawm ntawd nws yog, feem ntau yuav, tsuas yog residual paub.

3. Qhov kev siv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov cuaj luaj yog kev xa cov riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv qhov no lawv tawm ntawm kev sib tw, tab sis txwv tsis pub lawv cov txiaj ntsig poob qis heev. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev txwv nkag mus rau cov yam ntxwv thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tsis tshua muaj kev sib tsoo, nrog rau kev siv phom loj loj.

4. Txij ntawm no mus, cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm cov qauv ntawm kev tawm tsam nuclear loj heev nyob rau ntau pua xyoo dhau los (lub suab los ntawm Alexei Kungurov) raug tshem tawm ntawm ib qho kev sib cav ntxiv. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug feem ntau hnov lo lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas yog cov no ntaus, nrog ballistic missiles los yog dab tsi?" Yog lawm, cov missiles meej, tsawg kawg yog luv luv (txog kaum mais), uas tau piav qhia hauv phau ntawv rau cov neeg tua phom ntawm xyoo pua 17th. Phau ntawv no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug dlej tsab, muaj ntau yam keeb kwm muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv pej xeem thiab tsis muaj kev sib cav los ntawm leej twg.

Alexey Artemiev, Izhevsk