Cov txheej txheem:
- Ib txhia Russians
- Thawj Tswj Hwm tau hais kom CIG tswj hwm los muab nws cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau txhua hnub
- Soviet Kev Nkag Mus Ntxiv
- Kev ntseeg loj zuj zus
- Ib qho tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm Lub Ob Hlis 27 yog mob siab rau kev ua tiav ntawm Soviet kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tub rog thiab pej xeem aviation ntawm Poland
- Cov neeg Amelikas ntshai tsam Soviet tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm yav tom ntej Eastern Bloc, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv Austria, Ltalis thiab txawm Fabkis
- Muaj tsov rog txias
- Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si cov ntsiab lus thiab lub suab ntawm American txawj ntse cov ntaub ntawv tawm tsis muaj kev poob siab: Moscow tsis pom ib tug phooj ywg nyob rau hauv tsov rog tuag, tab sis ib tug tshiab ntiaj teb no yeeb ncuab - insidious thiab txaus ntshai
- Empire ntawm Evil
- Ntau thiab ntau accusations tawm tsam Soviet xovxwm
Video: CIA tso tawm declassified Cold War archives
2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06
Xya caum-ob-xyoos-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus-laus Lub "cua txias ntawm kev hloov pauv" yog tshuab los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntaus ntawv ib nrab-qhov muag tsis pom los ntawm qee lub sijhawm - nag hmo cov phooj ywg hauv kev ua tsov ua rog, Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab USSR, tau kov yeej ib tus yeeb ncuab, tab tom pib txav deb ntawm ib leeg. Thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv yog dav.
Ib txhia Russians
Thawj qhov kev nkag hauv thawj phau ntawv tshaj tawm rau tus thawj tswj hwm yog hnub tim 15 Lub Ob Hlis, 1946.
"Lub Embassy nyob rau hauv Paris tshaj tawm hais tias cov iab liam daim ntawv cog lus zais cia ntawm US thiab USSR, mus txog rau hauv Yalta thiab Tehran, tau muab tso rau muag nyob rau hauv Paris los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm "ib txhia Russians" los ntawm Switzerland. Cov ntawv xov xwm Fab Kis thiab Swiss tab tom txiav txim siab tshaj tawm lawv."
Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Txawj Ntse tseem tsis tau muaj, nws tau tsim ib xyoos thiab ib nrab tom qab, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1947. Tab sis Harry Truman twb tau tso tseg lub koom haum tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, Lub Chaw Pabcuam Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo, thiab rau lub hlis tom qab tau tsim Central Intelligence Group (CIG), nqa cov tub rog thiab cov kev pabcuam pej xeem kev txawj ntse uas ua haujlwm ywj pheej thiab feem ntau tsis muaj kev sib koom tes.
Thawj Tswj Hwm tau hais kom CIG tswj hwm los muab nws cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau txhua hnub
Raws li lub vev xaib raug cai ntawm CIA piav qhia, tus thawj coj ntawm Tsev Dawb tau "tsis txaus siab rau qhov tsis muaj kev sib koom tes ntawm kev qhia rau tus thawj tswj hwm" thiab xav tau txais cov ntaub ntawv dav dav los ntawm ib qhov chaw.
Thawj nees nkaum thawj tsab ntawv ceeb toom, 86 nplooj ntawv ntev, tau muab tso rau hauv CIA lub vev xaib. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm txog "qee tus neeg Lavxias" muag Yalta thiab Tehran zais cia rau Western European cov ntawv xov xwm tau piav qhia: cov lus hais yog hais txog kev pom zoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau pej xeem.
Piv txwv li, kev muab cov nyiaj qiv ntawm US $ 10 billion rau Soviet Union hauv kev sib pauv rau kev txhawb nqa rau Asmeskas cov lus pom zoo los pab txhawb kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, kev faib khoom ncaj ncees ntawm cov khoom siv raw, thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txiaj ntsig thoob ntiaj teb.
Thiab nyob rau hauv Yalta, US Thawj Tswj Hwm Harry Hopkins thiab USSR Txawv Teb Chaws Minister Vyacheslav Molotov tau kos npe rau ib daim ntawv cog lus tias Washington lees txais lub Soviet thov kom dawb nkag mus rau lub Mediterranean nyob rau hauv pauv rau lub Soviet kev lees paub ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Bulgaria thiab Yugoslavia… Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev txawj ntse hais txog kev pom zoo ntawm kev siv zog ntawm German cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog thiab German technologies los ntawm Soviet Union, ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog Syria, Libya, Iraq …
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov xau tsis raug lees paub lossis tsis lees paub. Nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias leej twg muag cov ntaub ntawv zais cia rau leej twg, thiab seb nws puas tau muag tag nrho. Nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias "Lavxias teb sab" peb tham txog dab tsi - emigrants, defectors, provocateurs? Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi paub txog kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv cais hauv Western xov xwm ib yam nkaus. Hauv ib lo lus, "tus miv tuag" tau muab pov rau hauv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus nws tus kheej yog tus yam ntxwv heev, nws txiav txim siab tag nrho cov ncauj lus ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev txawj ntse. Tam sim no tus thawj tswj hwm tau tshaj tawm txog "kev xav ntawm USSR" txhua hnub, tshwj tsis yog hnub Sunday.
Soviet Kev Nkag Mus Ntxiv
Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1946, Asmeskas kev txawj ntse tau pib saib xyuas cov kev ua ntawm Soviet Union hauv Central thiab Eastern Europe. Lub hyperinflation ntawm Hungarian lub teb chaws txiaj, pengö, tam sim ntawd txuas los ntawm CIG rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm Moscow.
"Kev nce nqi hauv Hungary tau loj hlob sai heev tam sim no. Lub lim tiam dhau los no, US las tau nce nqi ntawm 800 txhiab mus rau ntau dua 1.8 lab penge, tus nqi tau nce ntau dua ob npaug, thiab cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev ncig yog tam sim no ntau dua ob trillion penge. Cov kws tshuaj ntsuam kwv yees qhov kev poob qis ntawm tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Hungarian cov cuab tam. Lub caij no, Soviet infiltration txuas ntxiv: Hungarian Economic Council txiav txim siab hloov mus rau USSR txhua feem ntawm cov tuam txhab mining bauxite uas cov Soviets ntseeg tau koom nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees. Qhov no yog 35 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov peev txheej bauxite hauv Hungary, "tus thawj tswj hwm tau hais rau lub Ob Hlis 18.
Cov kev sim ntawm Soviet Union los txhim kho cov nyiaj tau los hauv lub tebchaws kuj yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg
Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 27, CIG ceeb toom Truman tias tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Allied Control Commission hauv Hungary, Kliment Voroshilov, tau txwv tsis pub tsoomfwv Hungarian luam tawm ntau lab pengos ntxiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev nce nqi ntxiv. Tsoomfwv Hungarian tau ceeb toom tias cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm yuav raug tso tseg yam tsis muaj nyiaj ua haujlwm thiab qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov.
"Raws li ntev raws li kuv nyob ntawm no, yuav tsis muaj kiv puag ncig," Voroshilov teb nrog nws ib txwm khav theeb.
Tsuas yog rau lub hlis yuav dhau mus, thiab lub Yim Hli lub pengö yuav hloov pauv. Niaj hnub no nws yog ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig hloov pauv tau yooj yim nyob sab Europe. Kev taw qhia ntawm forint tau pab kom kov yeej hyperinflation thiab ruaj khov rau Hungarian kev lag luam nyiaj txiag.
Kev hloov pauv nyiaj txiag tau ua tiav los ntawm Hungarian Communist Party, uas, tau kawg, tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm USSR.
Kev ntseeg loj zuj zus
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm Lub Peb Hlis 4 tau hais tias lub davhlau Asmeskas kev lag luam tau raug txwv tsis pub nres hauv Budapest, thiab tsis muaj lub dav hlau tuaj yeem tsaws ntawm Hungary airfield yam tsis tau tso cai los ntawm Soviet cov lus txib. Tsis yog qhov xwm txheej hauv Hungary nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho cov xwm txheej hauv tebchaws Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Asmeskas.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm Lub Ob Hlis 27 yog mob siab rau kev ua tiav ntawm Soviet kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tub rog thiab pej xeem aviation ntawm Poland
"Cov peev txheej hauv Warsaw hais tias Polish Air Force raug txib los ntawm Soviet General Polynin. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Polish Air Force yog los ntawm USSR, thiab lawv tswj tag nrho cov kev cob qhia thiab kev ua haujlwm. Ib tug neeg tsav dav hlau Polish tsis raug tso cai ya yam tsis muaj tus kws tsav dav hlau hauv Soviet. Ib yam li ntawd, cov dav hlau ntawm lub dav hlau tam sim no hauv tebchaws Polish tau ua haujlwm los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm Polish, tab sis ib txwm nyob hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Soviet. Polish Marshal Zeleski tau hais tias qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm Polish, tab sis US cov tub rog tub ceev xwm tau taw qhia tias muaj ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm yav dhau los Air Force tam sim no raug ntiab tawm ntawm cov tub rog vim lawv txoj kev ncaj ncees rau yav dhau los tsoomfwv, "daim ntawv tshaj tawm tau hais.
Hauv tib lub ntsiab lus, kev xaiv tsa dav dav hauv tebchaws Poland yuav raug tshuaj xyuas kom meej. Feem ntau, thaum pom zoo nrog cov lus sib cav ntawm Soviet hais tias "cov neeg tshaib plab tsis tuaj yeem pov npav tsis txaus ntseeg," thiab yog li ntawd nws yog qhov zoo dua rau ncua kev xaiv tsa, cov tub ceev xwm ceeb toom tias cov Soviets yeej yuav sim siv qhov ncua sij hawm rau lawv tus kheej lub hom phiaj. Ib tsab xov xwm Lub Ob Hlis 28 qhia tias Moscow tuaj yeem txhob txwm sim ua kom muaj kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Poland kom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub tebchaws.
Cov neeg Amelikas ntshai tsam Soviet tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm yav tom ntej Eastern Bloc, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv Austria, Ltalis thiab txawm Fabkis
"Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Fab Kis Fab Kis, tsis pub leej twg paub, qhia rau US Consul hauv Lyon tias USSR tau muab rau Fabkis 200 txhiab tons ntawm nplej" nrog yuav luag xa tam sim" los ntawm cov khoom lag luam tsim tawm ntawm Soviet-Iranian ciam teb. Tus thawj coj ntseeg hais tias lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev thov yog kev nom kev tswv thiab tias nws txoj kev saws me nyuam yuav ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias cov neeg communist yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv tsa tom ntej, "- tau hais hauv cov ntsiab lus hnub tim 25 Lub Ob Hlis.
Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, kev puas tsuaj, tom qab tsov rog reconstruction yog nyuam qhuav pib. Cov pej xeem tshaib plab, zaub mov raug muab tawm ntawm daim npav. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj, Kremlin muab mov ci rau Fabkis, ntawm thaj chaw uas nws tsis muaj cov tub rog Soviet. Washington pom qhov no yog lwm "intrigue ntawm Soviets." Qhov kev tsis ntseeg siab nce siab thiab siab dua.
Muaj tsov rog txias
Nws yog lub sijhawm uas cov ntawv tshaj tawm dav dav ntawm Asmeskas kev txawj ntse tau nyob rau ntawm rooj rau Harry Truman txhua hnub, thiab Kev Tsov Rog Txias tau pib. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 22, Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Meskas rau Moscow, George Kennan, tau xa xov rau Washington, hu ua Long Telegram. Nws yog qhov tseeb telegram 511, yim txhiab lo lus ntev. Kennan tau piav qhia txog qhov kev hem thawj los ntawm Soviet Union ntev thiab tau hais kom txav los ntawm Roosevelt qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev koom tes rau txoj cai tswjfwm kev muaj cov Soviets.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv txawj ntse, qhov no tau hais nyob rau hauv dhau thiab tsuas yog nyob rau peb hnub. Tsis muaj ib lo lus nyob rau hauv cov lus ceeb toom hais txog lub npe nrov Fulton hais lus ntawm British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, xa rau lub Peb Hlis 5, 1946 thiab tau txiav txim siab tshaj tawm ntawm Tsov Rog Txias.
Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si cov ntsiab lus thiab lub suab ntawm American txawj ntse cov ntaub ntawv tawm tsis muaj kev poob siab: Moscow tsis pom ib tug phooj ywg nyob rau hauv tsov rog tuag, tab sis ib tug tshiab ntiaj teb no yeeb ncuab - insidious thiab txaus ntshai
"Cov peev txheej hauv Moscow tau tshaj tawm tias cov koom haum tshawb fawb Soviet tau siv cov haujlwm ntawm German kws tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Soviet. Ib qho piv txwv yog muab: 20 Soviet engineers, hnav khaub ncaws tub rog, raug xa mus rau Berlin los saib xyuas 200 tus kws tshawb fawb German thiab engineers ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib txuas lus, "lub Peb Hlis 1 tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais.
Moscow tab tom "nrhiav" German roj cov cuab tam hauv Austria thiab tab tom sim tswj hwm Danube raws nws cov kev kawm tag nrho. Muaj ntau cov lus ceeb toom hais tias cov tub rog Soviet tsis maj tawm hauv Iran. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav paub txog kev tsim cov kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm hauv North Kauslim thiab qhia txog kev thov ntawm Soviet sab rau ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov Nyij Pooj cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog pej xeem. Kev ntshai tau nthuav tawm tias los ntawm kev ncua kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog Afghanistan, Soviets yuav tsim cov xwm txheej ntxiv rau Kabul.
Empire ntawm Evil
Nyob rau hauv cov kwj deg dav dav, muaj lwm yam, muaj kev xav ntau dua thiab cov phooj ywg. Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv tshaj tawm hnub tim 23 Lub Ob Hlis, US Ambassador rau London John Winant tau tshaj tawm: "Lub Chaw Haujlwm Txawv Tebchaws Askiv muaj "kev xav dav dav" uas USSR tsis xav kom loj. ua tsov ua rog nyob rau yav tom ntej, xav npaj nws tus kheej thiab nws cov neeg rau qhov tseeb tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tsov rog rau lawv."
Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv cais. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub USSR tshwm sim raws li ib tug "kev phem faj tim teb chaws" qhov twg kev ywj pheej raug txwv, xovxwm nyob rau hauv tus quab ntawm censorship, thiab cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm lub Soviet Union tau sim nrog tag nrho lawv lub zog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob, thiaj li tsis mus. rov qab mus rau lawv lub tebchaws.
Ib qhov chaw hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Tub Rog Thib Peb tau tshaj tawm tias tawm ntawm kwv yees li 3,000 tus pej xeem Soviet nyob hauv Asmeskas thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, txog 1,800 tus neeg, raws li Yalta Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo, raug yuam kom rov qab los.
Tsoomfwv Meskas cov tub rog ntshai tsam kev tua tus kheej ntau heev thiab sim tua tus kheej hauv qhov no, nyeem lub Ob Hlis 25 tshuaj xyuas.
Ntau thiab ntau accusations tawm tsam Soviet xovxwm
Yog li, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1, kev txawj ntse tshaj tawm tias TASS "tawm qhov tseeb thiab hu nws tias yog kev ua txhaum loj ntawm kev ncaj ncees" qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm lub tsev hais plaub tub rog ntawm US Army ntawm ib tug tub rog Asmeskas raug liam tias tua ib tug tub ceev xwm Soviet ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau hauv Austria.
Thiab thaum Lub Peb Hlis 7, tsab ntawv ceeb toom muaj cov lus hais tias cov tub ceev xwm Soviet tab tom sim tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm Asmeskas cov neeg sau xov xwm hauv Moscow. Kev sib tsoo ntawm ideologies ua rau niaj hnub no yuav hu ua kev tsov rog tawm xov xwm.
Pom zoo:
Kev xam phaj nrog ib tug Soviet tankman uas tawm tsam ntawm cov koom haum tso tsheb hlau luam
Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, Dmitry Fedorovich Loza yog ib tug tanker, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau sib ntaus sib tua tsis nyob rau hauv domestic tsheb, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm cov phooj ywg, uas nws paub kiag li txhua yam
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm Declassified: Hitler's Traces thiab Vim Li Cas Smersh tsis coj nws ciaj sia
Lavxias teb sab tub rog-keeb kwm zej zog declassified tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm Marshal Zhukov rau Stalin, yuav ua li cas lawv tab tom nrhiav rau ib tug kab ntawm Hitler nyob rau hauv lub yeej Berlin. Thiab yog vim li cas ho tsis Smersh coj nws ciaj sia
Declassified CIA duab: USSR cov khoom siv tub rog los ntawm Asmeskas cov koob yees duab neeg soj xyuas
Lub Soviet Union tau zais nws cov tub rog zais cia zoo ib yam li Tebchaws Meskas tau ua thaum Tsov Rog Txias. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tau them rau kev koom tes ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog thiab kev tsim riam phom tshiab. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo li no, cov tub rog parades yuav luag tib lub sijhawm rau Asmeskas cov neeg soj xyuas pom thiab yees duab cov kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm Soviet tub rog-kev lag luam complex. Tsis ntev tas los no, CIA declassified ib feem ntawm cov duab coj los ntawm nws cov neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub USSR
Thawj zaug, Beria tsab ntawv ceeb toom zais cia rau Stalin txog cov neeg ntxeev siab rau Leej Niam tau raug tso tawm
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm lub npe hu ua "Special folder" ntawm Stalin - cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas tau poob rau ntawm lub rooj ntawm General Secretary ntawm Central Committee ntawm All-Union Communist Party
Qhov loj tshaj Christian zais cia pom nyob rau hauv lub archives ntawm lub Vatican
"Hauv cov ntawv Greek kuv pom qhov qhia meej tias cov pov thawj ntawm Egyptian vajtswv Amun thiab thawj hierarchs ntawm peb lub Koom Txoos Dawb Huv tau koom nrog tib lub zej zog zais cia!"