Lub qhov rais thav duab ua lub cim ntawm kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab architecture

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nws tsuas yog tshwm sim hais tias nws yog lub zos huts uas yog, thiab yuav yog tus tuav thiab tuav ntawm cov kab lis kev cai tseeb ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub façade tuaj yeem qhia tus neeg paub txog yuav luag txhua yam ntawm thaj chaw, nrog rau cov xwm txheej thiab kev ntshai ntawm tus tswv ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab. Lub qhov rais dai kom zoo nkauj, uas tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, vim tias cov neeg suav tias tsis yog "qhov muag", lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj yog tus saib xyuas zoo ntawm tsev neeg hearth.

Los ntawm lub qhov rais thav duab, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj nyob qhov twg thiab cov neeg ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm dab tsi.

Cov kev lig kev cai ntawm decorating lub qhov rais qhib tuaj rau Russia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th los ntawm ltalis tom qab qhib lub thawj iav Hoobkas. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws nyob sab Europe, ib feem ntawm lub tsev no tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog me me kab, porticoes thiab lwm yam khoom ua los ntawm pob zeb, thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws nws tau hloov nrog ntoo, vim hais tias tsuas yog ob peb muaj peev xwm them taus lub tsev pob zeb thiab, raws li, tag nrho cov décor..

Cov shutters raug tiv thaiv los ntawm lub hnub, thiab nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb lawv raug kaw nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov polar hnub mus pw, thiab nyob rau hauv sab qab teb - yog li ntawd lub tsev yuav tsis kub. forumhouse.ru/ © Ivan Khafizov.

Thaum pib, thaum txhim kho cov platbands, ib qho kev ua haujlwm tau ua raws - kom kaw qhov sib txuas ntawm lub qhov rais thav duab thiab thav duab. Tab sis nws tsis yog qhov nthuav kom yooj yim nruab ib daim ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, yog li cov craftsmen pib kho lub caij no nrog cov qauv zoo nkauj uas muaj lawv tus kheej lub ntsiab lus hauv txhua qhov chaw.

Lub qhov rais thav duab mus txog rau xyoo pua 17th muaj qhov yooj yim kos duab cim lub hnub. loj.ru.

Zoo kawg li:Lub sij hawm "platband" nyob rau hauv txawv cheeb tsam suab txawv, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam ntawm Central Russia nws yog ib tug "cashier", nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam uas ciam teb rau Belarus, nws tsuas yog hu ua "ntau dhau", thiab nyob rau hauv lub Urals - "belendryas". "los yog "lub qhov rais me".

Cov voj voog thiab rhombuses qhia txog lub cev saum ntuj ceeb tsheej txhais tau tias tiv thaiv kev tsaus ntuj thiab hmo ntuj phem. progorodsamara.ru.

Raws li cov kws sau ntawv ntawm Novate. Ru tswj kom paub, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua cov platbands carved tsis muaj cov lus qhia meej meej, tsuas yog txoj cai predetermining yog axial symmetry - qhov no yog thaum sab laug ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tsom rau sab xis.

Qhov qis ntawm platband (hu ua lub qhov rais sill) tsis tshua muaj kev dai kom zoo nkauj thiab cim lub ntiaj teb niam thiab fertility ntawm daim teb. loj.ru.

Kuj tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm platbands, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia - lub sab sauv muaj ib tug ntau openwork qauv, thiab lub qis ib tug yog yooj yim thiab ntau coj tus cwj pwm. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho lwm yam, tsuas yog tus sau ntawm tus tswv thiab nyiam nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov inhabitants ntawm lub cheeb tsam lawv tus kheej thiab cov tswv tshwj xeeb yog txiav txim.

Cov style "kim-nplua nuj" yog qhov tshwm sim rau cov tub lag luam me, uas yog li sim tsa lawv qhov tseem ceeb. courier-media.com.

Nthuav qhov tseeb: Nws ntseeg tau tias feem ntau exquisite thiab nplua nuj carvings adorn lub vaj tse ntawm cov tswv muaj nyiaj. Tab sis raws li nws tau muab tawm, qhov no yog kev dag ntxias, vim tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub zej zog siab tsis tas yuav qhia lossis ua pov thawj lawv qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov xwm txheej siab ntawm txoj kev no, lawv twb paub thiab hwm los ntawm txhua tus. Tab sis cov neeg uas dheev los ua neeg nplua nuj, cov neeg hu lawv "los ntawm rags mus rau kev nplua nuj," lawv sim tsa lawv lub koob meej nrog lush kho kom zoo nkauj thiab nrov tshaj tawm lawv tus kheej ua tiav.

Qee lub sij hawm lub ru tsev ntawm lub platband tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog semicircles, uas yog lub cim rau saum ntuj ceeb tsheej vajtswv poj niam "cov poj niam hauv kev ua haujlwm". progorodsamara.ru.

Lawm, lub carved platband ua tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug tswv yim thiab zoo nkauj muaj nuj nqi, nws ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug haib talisman tiv thaiv lub qhov muag phem, encroachments nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm dashing neeg thiab dab phem. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov ntseeg Vajtswv tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv Russia, tag nrho cov pej xeem kev lig kev cai yog pagan, yog li lub ntsiab cim decorating lub tsev - lub ntuj vaj tswv Svarog thiab lub hnub vajtswv Dazhbog. Lawv kuj tsis hnov qab txog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm niam lub ntiaj teb - progenitor ntawm tag nrho cov koob hmoov.

Cov curls nyob ib ncig ntawm lub voj voog hauv nruab nrab tsis yog tsuas yog kho kom zoo nkauj, tab sis sawv cev rau kev txav mus tas li ntawm Luminary. progorodsamara.ru.

Txij li thaum, raws li kev ntseeg nrov, txhua qhov chaw ntawm platband sib haum rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab lub caij nyoog, qhov chaw ntawm txhua lub cim tau xav txog qhov me tshaj plaws, thaum tshwj xeeb yog them nyiaj rau kev sib xyaw ua ke. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub cim ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab fertility yuav tsis tau muab tso rau sab sauv, hu ua pommel los yog kokoshnik, lub hnub kos npe rau dominates muaj, vim hais tias cov duab ntawm lub hnub qub los yog nws cov pa cim (raws li txoj cai, nws yog. ib lub rhombus lossis ib lub cim kos duab uas lub hnub tau pom meej meej).

Nyob rau hauv lub Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Moscow, cheeb tsam Rostov, nab thiab zaj tau piav nyob rau hauv lub architraves, uas kuj xam tau tias yog ib tug talisman. forumhouse.ru/ © Ivan Khafizov.

Kev kos duab kos duab kos duab tau tsim tsis tsuas yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv lub tsev los ntawm ntau yam teeb meem thiab kev txom nyem, tab sis kuj xav kom lub neej zoo siab rau cov tswv ntawm lub tsev no thiab lawv cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, vim tias yog tias lub thav duab raug ntsia zoo, nws yuav ua haujlwm ncaj ncees rau. ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub tsev twb tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog nrog shutters thiab lub qhov rooj, tab sis kuj nrog kev pab los ntawm ntau yam "kev zoo siab" kos npe rau - amulets. hlo. ru.

Raws li cov neeg txawj ntse, los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov platbands nyob rau hauv cov hnub qub, cov neeg taug kev unerringly txiav txim siab qhov twg lawv nyob. Ntxiv mus, nws tsis yog thaj chaw xws li uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, tab sis kev lis kev cai hauv zos thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tus tswv uas ua cov khoom carved rau tag nrho cheeb tsam. Ib yam li lub npe nrov Gzhel lossis Gorodets painting tau txiav txim siab los ntawm tus kws kos duab tes, yog li ntoo architecture pib nrog tus carver.

Ivan Khafizov coj txog 18 txhiab daim duab thiab tsim "Virtual Museum of Carved Platbands". forumhouse.ru.

Txawm tias tam sim no, koj tuaj yeem kawm kom raug txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam twg lub platband tsim, rau qhov no nws yuav txaus kom paub ob peb yam ntxwv. Raws li tus kws yees duab Ivan Khafizov, uas tau tshaj 11 xyoo tau yees duab platbands thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws thiab hauv nws cov ntawv sau muaj ntau dua 18 txhiab duab los ntawm 364 qhov chaw: "Yuav kom nkag siab cov platbands, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau saib ob peb. collages … Yog li, txawm tias menyuam yaus yuav tuaj yeem qhia tau tias Ryazan platbands txawv li cas, piv txwv li, Kostroma lossis Tomsk sawv daws yuav."

Carved ornaments thiab ntau yam duab tau tsim los tiv thaiv tsev neeg hearth los ntawm kev nyuaj siab. moydom.media/ © Ivan Khafizov.

Woodcarving ua raws li Baroque style hauv lub tsev ntawm Vologda tub lag luam. forumhouse.ru. / © Ivan Khafizov.

Ua tsaug rau nws tej hauj lwm, tam sim no peb yuav muaj peev xwm mus rau lub ntiaj teb no zoo kawg nkaus ntawm cov cim thiab cov cim uas txawj woodcarvers tau dai kom zoo nkauj lub tsev ntawm lub teb chaws cov neeg nyob rau ntau centuries ua ke.

Ob-xim Transbaikalian platbands (Chita, 17th caug xyoo). nalichniki.com./ © Ivan Khafizov.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias txoj kev yog XXI caug xyoo, trims tseem nrov nyob rau hauv ib co cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas tsis muaj leej twg pom zoo nrog niaj hnub carved ntsiab nrog kev ntseeg, thiab lawv siv lawv yam tsis muaj kev nkag siab tob txog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej ntawm tsev thiab tsev neeg, lawv tsuas yog tsim kom muaj kev sib xyaw zoo nkauj ntawm cov duab geometric thiab paj paj.

Niaj hnub nimno platbands txawv los ntawm kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, tab sis lawv tsis nqa semantic load. pinterest.com

Feem ntau ntawm peb, saib qhov zoo kawg nkaus creation ntawm architects, xav tias peb pom primordially Lavxias teb sab pej xeem kos duab, tab sis qhov no tsis yog li ntawd. Raws li nws tau muab tawm, tag nrho cov duab zoo nkauj heev uas peb tseem nco qab los ntawm cov duab dab neeg (uas tsuas yog lub tsev pheeb suab ntawm cov nqaij qaib ntawm Baba Yaga!) tau txais los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv los ntawm Norwegian architects. Thiab qhov no tau ua pov thawj los ntawm cov vaj tse qub qub, uas tsis yooj yim ciaj sia nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Norway mus rau niaj hnub no, tab sis tseem ua hauj lwm.