Vim li cas Lukyanov nyob rau hauv lub USSR tsim ib tug hydraulic integrator nyob rau hauv dej?

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nws tau ntev tau paub tias Soviet science yog tag nrho ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse, tab sis kuj muaj cov neeg muaj tswv yim. Cov qauv no tsis tau zam cov neeg tsim khoom hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev siv thev naus laus zis. Ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi tawm ntawm qhov dog dig nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nws yog nyob rau hauv lub USSR hais tias lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj ntaus ntawv yog invented uas daws ib feem sib npaug sib npaug. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv qhov kev tshawb pom no: tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm hauv lub tshuab no tau ua tiav … los ntawm dej.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm xws li ib tug impressive invention hnub rov qab mus rau lub deb 1920s, thaum ib tug hluas tshwj xeeb, ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Civil Engineering Vladimir Lukyanov, raug xa mus rau ib tug loj-scale tsim project - kev tsim kho ntawm lub Troitsk-Orsk thiab Kartaly- Magnitnaya railway lem (hnub no - Magnitogorsk). Nyob ntawd nws tau ntsib teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm qeeb thiab tsis txaus: cov neeg tsim khoom tau txais tsuas yog shovels, picks thiab wheelbarrows li cov cuab yeej, uas yog, tsis muaj cov cuab yeej loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm nrog cov pob zeb tau ua tiav tshwj xeeb hauv lub caij ntuj sov, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txuag los ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm cov kab nrib pleb.

Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov kab nrib pleb hauv pob zeb, Lukyanov muab tso rau hauv qhov kev xav tias lawv cov keeb kwm cuam tshuam nrog kev kub ntxhov hauv lub masonry. Cov zej zog kev tshawb fawb tau hnov qab yam tsis muaj kev txaus siab rau qhov kev xav no, tab sis qhov no tsis txwv tus kws tshawb fawb hluas. Tsis ntev nws pom tau hais tias kev faib tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog suav nrog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab cov khoom vaj khoom tsev, uas tau hloov pauv mus rau lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov kev sib raug zoo no yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm thiaj li hu ua ib feem sib npaug sib npaug.

Tsuas yog thaum lub sijhawm lawv tshawb nrhiav, thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1920, tsis muaj cov txheej txheem nrawm nrawm thiab ua tau zoo los ua kev suav ntawm hom no. Tom qab ntawd Lukyanov nws tus kheej siv cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nws tus kheej. Ua li no, nws tig mus rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb zoo tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo dhau los: Cov kws tshaj lij A. N. Krylov - tus tsim ntawm kev sib koom ua ke rau kev daws qhov sib txawv sib txawv ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thib 4., N. N. Pavlovsky, kws tshaj lij hauv hydraulics, thiab M. V. heat engineering. Muaj kev tswj kom raug tsim cov tswv yim ntawm tus kheej ntawm nws cov thawj coj, Lukyanov thaum kawg nrhiav tau ib txoj hauv kev los daws qhov teeb meem nyuaj no.

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1936, tus kws tshawb fawb tau tswj hwm los sib sau ua ke ib lub cuab yeej uas poob hauv keeb kwm li "Lukyanov's Hydraulic Integrator". Qhov tseeb, qhov kev tsim kho no yog lub ntiaj teb thawj lub tshuab xam phaj los daws qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug. Tab sis tus integrator yog impressed tsis yog li ntawd los ntawm no superiority, tab sis los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nws ua rau tag nrho cov lej suav nrog kev pab ntawm … cov dej ntws.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, peb cov qauv ntawm cov tshuab no tau tsim, txhua tus tau hloov kho rau kev daws teeb meem ib-seem, ob-seem thiab peb-seem teeb meem, feem. Maj mam, lub Lukyanov integrator tau txais koob meej thiab pib muab tsis tau tsuas yog rau lub Union republics, tab sis kuj mus rau lub Warsaw Pact lub teb chaws - Czechoslovakia, Poland, Bulgaria thiab txawm Tuam Tshoj.

Cov cuab yeej tau ua pov thawj tias tsis yog siv tau zoo xwb tab sis kuj siv tau yooj yim thiab pheej yig los tsim. Yog li ntawd, Lukyanov cov kev sib koom ua ke tau siv dav heev - hauv kuv txoj kev tsim kho, geology, kev tsim kho thermal physics, metallurgy, thiab rocketry. Tshwj xeeb, lawv tau siv lawv txoj kev pab thaum tshawb fawb tshawb fawb hauv kev sib hais haum "Mirny", suav nrog thaum tsim Karakum Canal thiab Baikal-Amur Mainline.

Txawm tias cov khoos phis tawj uas tshwm sim tom qab qee lub sijhawm nyob deb ntawm tam sim ntawd tuaj yeem thawb lub hydraulic integrator tawm. Thawj thiab thib ob tiam ntawm Soviet computers yog inferior rau Lukyanov inventions nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo, txij li thaum lawv muaj ib tug me me ntawm lub cim xeeb thiab txawv los ntawm kev ua tau zoo tsawg, ib tug tsawg set ntawm peripheral khoom, thiab tsis zoo tsim software. Nws tsuas yog thaum ntxov xyoo 1980s uas cov neeg koom ua ke pib txaj muag txog cov khoos phis tawj tshiab uas muaj qhov me me, nco ntau dua, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab.