Lub nroog nyob qhov twg? Ntu 1

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Tam sim no cov tub ntxhais hluas nyeem tsawg dua, muab cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov kev pab cuam rau lawv. Sau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm sms, nyeem tsawg kawg yog tib sms, thiab raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm. Txog tam sim no, kuv cov tub ntxhais kawm tsuas muaj txaus rau cov duab, qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv yog qhov tsis xis nyob thiab tsis meej, thiab qhov txawv nws ua rau qhov muaj, nws tseem ceeb yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas. Tab sis kuv qhov kev paub hauv lub neej qhia rau kuv tias: yam tsis tau saib rov qab, koj yuav tsis paub yuav mus qhov twg, vim koj tsis paub tias koj tuaj qhov twg.

Cov neeg laus muaj kev ntseeg ruaj khov rau qhov lawv tau hais, hauv qhov lawv raug yuam kom kawm los ntawm kev nco, kev coj noj coj ua, kev ntseeg, kev ntseeg Vajtswv. Thiab hais tias cov neeg uas coj tau paub tseeb tias txoj kev twg, chav kawm, txoj kev xaiv. Txawm hais tias muaj coob tus twb tau saib lawv hauv kev tsis meej pem, tsis paub tias qhov kev kawm tsis ncaj, tab sis nkhaus, thiab lawv lub neej tau dhau mus zoo li tsis nres hauv lub voj voog.

Kuv tus kws qhia keeb kwm nyuam qhuav hais rau kuv tias:

-Tsis txhob muab tej khoom seem uas tshuav rau peb tseg, ntseeg tej uas peb tau qhia. Kuv nkees nkees ntawm kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub tog, Lenin thiab Stalin, tab sis koj swung ntawm Peter kuv nws tus kheej, ntawm lub splendor ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm. Tsis txhob thab kuv zaj dab neeg kawg, lossis cov neeg zoo li kuv yuav tsuj koj.

Nws nyuaj rau lawv to taub kuv, Kuv tsuas yog sim ua kom paub:

Dab tsi rau?

Rau dab tsi?

Leej twg tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm?

Thiab tam sim no kuv zaum thiab saib daim ntawv qhia qub ntawm St. Petersburg, thiab kuv xav tsis thoob …

Plan ntawm St. Petersburg I. Homann. Etching, cutter, watercolor rau ntawm daim ntawv. 50.5 x 59.5 cm.1720th (ua ntej 1725)

Thiab keeb kwm hais tias St. Petersburg tau tsim nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 16, 1703 (tus Tsar tau tso thawj lub pob zeb rau kev tsim kho rau lub Tsib Hlis 16, 1703, hnub ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv. Ntawm no yog cov lus dab neeg hais txog kev tsim lub nroog), thiab hais tias, qhov no yog tag nrho nyob rau hauv 10-15 xyoo, thaum lub caij ntuj no - 35-40, midges, dampness, tsis muaj txoj kev thiab factories, Kuv tsis tau tham txog cov khoom siv. Nws yog txaus mus saib ntawm Vasilievsky Island, tsis muaj dab tsi tseem, tab sis muaj ib tug markup thiab layout, tab sis dab tsi txog lub teev? Tsis muaj leej twg nyob hauv Europe tau xav txog qhov kev teeb tsa zoo li no, tab sis ntawm no?

Lub caij ntuj sov Garden nyob rau hauv 1716, los ntawm Alexey Zubov. Nyob rau hauv kev ceev ntawm kev tsim kho, "tsis zoo li cov pab pawg neeg tam sim no", los yog muaj ib qho chaw ntes, tej zaum cov keeb kwm dag? Qee lub tsev uas tau piav qhia hauv qhov kos duab no, raws li keeb kwm keeb kwm, yuav tsum tshwm sim ntau tom qab, tom qab tus neeg sau ntawv tuag, tab sis A. Zubov paub tseeb tias yuav kos dab tsi thiab qhov twg.

Spiers tuaj yeem pom nyob rau sab laug thiab sab xis, lub tsev fuabtais Mikhailovsky nyob rau sab laug, tus Cawm Seej ntawm Spilled Blood ntawm sab xis, thiab yog li ntawd: Lub Plaub Hlis 17, 1819, lub hauv paus ntawm Mikhailovsky Palace tau nteg. Hnub no tau dhau los ua hnub ntawm kev tsim ntawm ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb - Lub Xeev Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias. Lub Koom Txoos ntawm Tus Cawm Seej ntawm Cov Ntshav Txhaum tau tsim tsa hauv 1883-1907, ntawm qhov chaw uas Tsar-Liberator Alexander II raug mob tuag rau lub Peb Hlis 1, 1881. Tab sis ntxiv rau qhov hauv qab no. Punctures ntawm Zubov Montferan, Falcone, Schubert, Karamzin thiab cov khoom plig zoo nkauj ntawm A. S. Peb yuav xav txog Pushkin hauv kev nthuav dav hauv qab no.

Link, cia li nias:

Ob peb lo lus hais txog "Ancient geodesy"

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ntseeg hais tias qhov kev npaj, kev rhuav tshem thiab xa mus rau lub tsev ntawm St. Los yog tej zaum lub nroog tau sawv ntev ua ntej tam sim no keeb kwm version ntawm nws cov tsos?

1753g ua.

xyoo pua 19th.

Lwm qhov kev soj ntsuam yog nthuav heev nyob rau hauv no hais txog, Thaum tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe nyob hauv cov nroog uas cov kav dej phwj tsis tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txoj kev, qhov dav uas nyuam qhuav tau tso cai rau lub laub mus rau ib feem, thiab cov tsev tau nthuav dav los ntawm qhov chaw (daim duab qhia ntawm Paris, xyoo pua 17th, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd tsuas yog tus qauv rau tsim lub nroog)

Tib Amsterdam uas qhia Peter txhua yam:

(London (hauv qab no), lub xyoo yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia…. Lub peev, raws li lub peev, tsis yog ib tug ncaj kab)

Moscow tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm kev txhim kho chaotic nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev.

Thiab ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm Kiev - leej niam ntawm Lavxias teb sab nroog:

Daim ntawv qhia ntawm 1717, thiab qhov no tsuas yog ib qhov project rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm St. Petersburg, txiav txim tab sis tsis launched

Thiab ntawm no yog daim ntawv qhia 1720, raws li lawv hais tias "qhov tseeb"

Nov yog qee qhov kev kos duab ntxiv, txhua qhov tseeb thiab khaws cia hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Nyem rau ntawm qhov txuas.

Yog li kom tawg Vasilievsky Island tsis muaj cov neeg tshawb nrhiav … zoo, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev, yog li leej twg yuav ntseeg?

Tab sis lub nroog nyob rau hauv 1716, txawm tias ua ntej qhov project dav, yog cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm engraving, los yog lawv dag dua?

Qhov txuas no yog qhov kev xaiv txaus ntawm cov ntawv qhia hauv nroog. Kos koj tus kheej cov lus xaus, thiab los ntawm kuv tus kheej HUGE ua tsaug rau tus sau rau nws txoj haujlwm:

Cov Lus Ceeb Toom Ntawm Tus Txiv Neej Ntxov - Cov phiaj xwm rau lub nroog loj ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab qee lub nroog tseem ceeb hauv Asia, Africa thiab Asmeskas. 1771 ib

Nov yog ob daim duab qhia kev nthuav dav ntxiv, twb tau sau hnub tim 1703, kuv muab txuas

Lawv zoo li tsis tsim tej yaam num, tab sis tej yaam num reconstruction.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm khaws cia txog kev tsim ntawm St. Petersburg tsis yog qhov tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab. Phau ntawv xov xwm Preobrazhensky marching journal hais tias nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 11, Peter mus ntawm txoj kev qhuav mus rau Shlisselburg, Lub Tsib Hlis 14 nws nyob ntawm Syassk estuary, Lub Tsib Hlis 16 nws tau tsav tsheb mus ntxiv, thiab lub Tsib Hlis 17 nws tuaj txog ntawm Lodeynaya pier. Yog li, raws li daim ntawv teev npe no, lub Tsib Hlis 16, Peter tsis nyob hauv St. Yog li ntawd, muaj coob tus coj lub rau hli ntuj 29, 1703 ua lub hauv paus hnub ntawm lub peev tshiab, thaum lub hauv paus pob zeb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Thwj Tim Petus thiab Povlauj tiav. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas nyob rau hauv tej ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no lub npe ntawm St. Petersburg tsis tau hais nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis los yog lub rau hli ntuj ntawm lub xyoo; thaj chaw no tuav lub npe ntawm Schlotburg. Tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia txog thaum ntxov 18th caug xyoo, lub Peter thiab Paul Fortress twb twb sawv, tsis yog ib tug kob, tab sis ib tug fortress, nrog kom meej meej qhia ciam teb. Nws tau tsim npaum li cas raws li keeb kwm? Thiab ntau dua … IE Kleinenberg nrhiav pom cov xov xwm ntawm Vasilievsky Island, dag ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm Neva, nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv Livonian ntawm 1426, coj txawv txawv, puas yog?

Nws tau sau tias kev tsim kho tau ua tiav xyoo 1780, thiab hauv 1785 ib feem ntawm cov phab ntsa tau ntsib nrog granite, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim duab qhia ntawm 1720 tag nrho cov phab ntsa nyob ntawd.

Plan ntawm Peter thiab Paul Fortress

Nws kom meej meej rov ua dua tag nrho lwm cov fortresses, zoo li yog tias lawv raug tua raws li tib qhov xwm txheej. Ib tug Italian Renaissance fortress nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub hnub qub los ntawm lub 1500s tau coj ua qauv rau lub nroog phab ntsa.

Cais txuas rau

Nyenskans

Nyenskans - Russified los ntawm Nyenskans (Swedish Nyenskans, Finn. Nevanlinna, Lavxias teb sab Kantsy) - ib tug Swedish fortress, uas yog lub ntsiab fortress ntawm lub nroog ntawm Nyen (Swedish Nyen) nyob rau hauv Cape Okhtinsky ntawm ntug dej ntawm lub Neva, ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub nroog. Okhta River ntawm nws sab laug ntug dej, tom ntej no rau niaj hnub Krasnogvardeyskaya square hauv St. Lub fortress twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1611 nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws txeeb los ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub site ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab trading kev sib haum xeeb Nevsky Gorodok (Nevskoe Ustye) tswj lub Izhora av, hu ua lub Swedes Ingermanlandia, thiab tswj cov dej ntws mus rau lub Neva. Txhais txhais li Nevsky (Nyen) trench (skans).

Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hnub qub zoo li lub forts tawg thoob plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe.

Tag nrho cov fortresses yog qhov seem ntawm qub forts thiab fortifications rebuilt raws li tib hom kev npaj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm immemorial.