Peb suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntu 3. Cov kws kho mob

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Cov kws kho mob yog cov kws sau tshuaj uas lawv paub me ntsis txog txhawm rau kho cov kab mob uas lawv paub tsawg dua hauv cov neeg uas lawv paub tsis muaj dab tsi hlo li.

1. Kev sib cav: "Yog tias muaj teeb meem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog tias lawv tsis nyab xeeb, lossis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, cov kws kho mob yuav paub txog nws. Tab sis tam sim no muaj kev pom zoo los ntawm kev kho mob yuav luag tag nrho tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau. Tom qab tag nrho, cov kws kho mob yog rau lawv. Kev kawm ntev xyoo tej zaum yuav qhia ntau ntxiv txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua li koj tau nyeem txog lawv hauv Internet."

2. Kuv tus poj niam kuj ntseeg tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo. Nov yog qhov lawv tau qhia. Kuv nug nws tias nws tau siv pes tsawg teev rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum nws kawm. Nws muab tawm tias tsuas yog ob peb teev. Ntawm cov no, lawv tau qhia ob teev txog daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab rau lwm ob teev muaj kev qhuab qhia txog "yuav ua li cas teb cov lus sib cav tiv thaiv tshuaj tiv thaiv." Los ntawm txoj kev, tom qab cov lus qhuab qhia no, yuav luag tag nrho cov tub ntxhais kawm tau hais tias cov lus sib cav ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv tsis tau ntseeg lawv, thiab cov lus sib cav ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj kev ntseeg ntau dua. Lawv, ntawm chav kawm, tsis xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog hais txog ib yam dab tsi. Lawv txiav txim siab tias tus kws qhia ntawv tsuas yog npaj tsis zoo rau cov lus qhuab qhia no.

3. Tab sis tej zaum tej yam txawv ntawm lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab? Nov yog qhia ntau npaum li cas txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab Asmeskas tshaj plaws. Ntawm 6,700 nplooj ntawv uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv kho mob yuav tsum kawm, tsuas yog 4 nplooj siab rau kev txhaj tshuaj.

4. Cov kws kho mob muaj nyiaj txiag txaus siab rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua lawv muag, lawv cov nyiaj tau los ntau dua.

Piv txwv li Blue Cross Blue Shield them tus kws kho mob $ 400 rau txhua tus menyuam uas tau txhaj tshuaj tas li. Tab sis tsuas yog tias feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv kev xyaum yog siab dua 63%. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas cov kws kho mob hauv Tebchaws Meskas tsis kam kho cov menyuam yaus uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj.

5. Kev sib cav: "Tab sis kuv tau tham nrog ntau tus kws kho mob, thiab lawv txhua tus hais tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob yuav tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam yog tias lawv pom tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo."

6. Cov neeg feem coob ntseeg tias tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho tau raws li nws pom zoo. deb ntawm nws. Yog tias, piv txwv li, tus kws kho mob tau nyeem ntau cov ntawv tshawb fawb thiab tau los xaus tias nws yog qhov zoo dua los kho qee yam kab mob hauv lwm txoj kev, nws tsis muaj cai ua li ntawd. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem kho mob pom zoo, txwv tsis pub nws yuav poob nws daim ntawv tso cai. Yog tias tus kws kho mob qhia tus neeg mob kom noj cov tshuaj uas tsis pom zoo, piv txwv li, kho tus mob hnoos hawb pob nrog vitamin C es tsis yog tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab muaj qee yam tshwm sim rau tus neeg mob, ces tus kws kho mob yuav mus rau hauv tsev hais plaub. Yog tias tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj tua kab mob (tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau kev hnoos hawb pob) thiab muaj qee yam tshwm sim rau tus neeg mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tsis lav. Dab tsi yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus kws kho mob qhia tus neeg mob txog qee yam uas tsis pom zoo los ntawm txoj cai?

Ib yam li ntawd, tus kws kho mob, los ntawm thiab loj, tsis muaj cai qhia tus neeg mob kom tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws tuaj yeem poob nws daim ntawv tso cai sai heev (tshwj xeeb hauv Tebchaws Meskas), thiab txawm tias nws tsis poob nws txoj haujlwm yuav tsis nce mus deb heev.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau tus kws kho mob uas tau tawm tsam kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tau kawg, cov no ib txwm yog kws kho mob nrog lawv tus kheej kev xyaum.

7. Yog koj nug kuv tus poj niam, ua ib tug kws kho mob, yog tias nws tawm tswv yim mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab nws tsis ntseeg koj, ces nws yuav teb tias nws qhia. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws tshaj tawm, yog lub txiaj ntsim zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj rau noob neej, lawv tau cawm ntau lab tus tib neeg.

Yog tias koj nug nws tias nws txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nws tus menyuam, thiab nws tso siab rau koj tag nrho, ces nws yuav piav qhia tias nws yuav khawb tawm qhov muag ntawm ib tus neeg uas tuaj cuag tus menyuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab qhia koj ua ib yam.

Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nug cov lus nug kom raug. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws kho mob koj nug cov lus nug no tso siab rau koj, thiab tsis xav tias koj tuaj yeem yws txog nws, lossis tshaj tawm nws cov lus qhia.

Tau kawg, cov kws kho mob feem ntau yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam. Tab sis tsuas yog vim lawv tau qhia yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi txog kev txhaj tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau nug koj tus kws kho mob seb muaj pes tsawg cov ntawv tshawb fawb txog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv tau nyeem. Hais kom nws kuj muab tsawg kawg ib qho kev tshawb fawb qhia txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas nws tab tom yuav txhaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus kws kho mob muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab tsis qhia lawv cov neeg mob kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nov yog qee qhov kev tshawb fawb:

8. Txawm tias muaj kev paub txog cov lus pom zoo, vim li cas cov neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub? (Gesser-Edelsburg, 2017, Am J Infect Control)

Txawm hais tias 93% ntawm cov kws kho mob paub tias Ministry of Health pom zoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tiv thaiv tus mob khaub thuas thiab hnoos hawb pob, tsuas yog 70% ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no. Ib feem peb ntawm cov kws kho mob ntseeg tias ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov txaus ntshai, lossis tias lawv qhov kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. 40% ntawm cov kws kho mob uas xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no txaus ntshai tseem pom zoo rau lawv cov neeg mob. (Israel)

9. Cov kws kho mob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej li cas? Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws kho mob tsis yog menyuam yaus. (Posfay-Barbe, 2005, Pediatrics)

5% ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis yog menyuam yaus tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam tiv thaiv kab mob qhua pias-mob-rubella. Lawv ntseeg tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom muaj tus kab mob dua li txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab kev kho mob homeopathic ua haujlwm zoo rau cov kab mob no.

10% yuav ncua kev txhaj tshuaj DTaP, 15% yuav ncua kev txhaj tshuaj MMR.

Ib feem peb ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam tiv thaiv kab mob siab B, thiab tiv thaiv hemophilus influenzae. Tsuas yog 12% tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, thiab tsuas yog 3% tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. 34% ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam raws li lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj.

Daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas tsuas yog koom nrog InfoVac cov neeg siv khoom, uas yog, cov kws kho mob uas nyiam siv tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws ua raws los ntawm qhov no tias cov kws kho mob tiag tiag uas tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam yuav muaj ntau dua. (Switzerland)

10. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab lawv cov menyuam. (Martin, 2012, OJPed.)

21% ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab 10% ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsis kam txais tsawg kawg ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv rau lawv tus menyuam.

19% ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab 5% ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav ncua kev txhaj tshuaj MMR mus txog 1.5 xyoo.

18% ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam tiv thaiv kab mob rotavirus, 6% yuav tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab A. (USA)

11. Cov kws kho mob uas ua thiab tsis pom zoo kom menyuam tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv txhua yam. (Gust, 2008, J Health Commun)

11% ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis tau hais kom lawv cov neeg mob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam nrog txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj.

Cov kws kho mob feem ntau yuav tsis pom zoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua li cov kws kho mob (cov kws kho mob tau txais nyiaj tsawg dua ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj).

Cov kws kho mob ntseeg cov ntawv kho mob ntau dua li CDC thiab FDA. Lawv ntseeg cov tuam txhab tshuaj tsawg dua hauv Internet. (USA)

12. Paediatricians paub, tus cwj pwm, thiab kev coj ua txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov menyuam mos hauv Ltalis. (Anastasi, 2009, BMC Public Health)

Tsuas yog 10% ntawm cov kws kho mob tau pom zoo ntawm txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj.

60% ntawm cov kws kho mob xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kev txhaj tshuaj.

Tsuas yog 25% ntawm cov kws kho mob tau muab rau lawv cov neeg mob xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (xws li hnoos hawb pob, mob qhua pias, mumps, kab mob qhua pias, rubella, HiB, pneumococcus, meningococcus). (Ltalis)

13. Yam muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B, kab mob pertussis, mob khaub thuas raws caij nyoog thiab kis thoob plaws ntawm Fabkis cov kws kho mob: kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2010. (Pulcini, 2013, Vaccine)

27% ntawm cov kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B, 36% tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hnoos hawb pob. 23% tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. (Fabkis)

14. Kev paub, kev xav, kev ntseeg thiab kev coj ua ntawm cov kws kho mob dav dav rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qhua pias thiab MMR nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj Fabkis xyoo 2012. (Pulcini, 2014, Clin Microbiol Infect)

13% ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis suav tias mob qhua pias yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai. 12% ntawm cov kws kho mob xav txog qhov koob thib ob ntawm MMR tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

33% ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis ntseeg tias yuav tsum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv MMR rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos. (Fabkis)

15. Puas muaj dab tsi nyob hauv qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qis hauv cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob uas kho cov menyuam mos? (Baron-Epel, 2012, Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv)

Tom qab nug cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob Israeli rau 3 lub hlis txhawm rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hnoos hawb pob, tsuas yog 2% (ob feem pua) tau txiav txim siab ua li ntawd. Thiab peb tab tom tham txog cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw rau niam thiab menyuam yaus (tipat halav), uas yog, cov uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus.

Cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob feem ntau tsis ntseeg cov kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cov kws saib xyuas mob ceev faj txog cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab ntseeg tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob khaub thuas thiab hnoos hawb pob yog qis dua qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj.

Lawv ntseeg tias cov niam txiv yuav tsum muaj kev xaiv seb puas yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv tus menyuam thiab thov kom muaj kev hwm rau lawv txoj cai.

Cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob cais txoj haujlwm thiab lub neej ntawm tus kheej. Tias lawv txoj haujlwm yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus yog ib yam. Thiab txawm hais tias lawv tus kheej tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis tsis yog lawv tus kheej ua lag luam, thiab lawv tsis xav tias yuav tsum qhia lawv niam lawv txiv lawv cov kev xav txog kev txhaj tshuaj lossis seb lawv puas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej.

Cov kws sau ntawv tshawb fawb tau xaus lus tias cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob uas txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. (Israel)

Qhov no yog tej zaum qhov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau nthuav tawm ntawm no. Hauv txhua lwm yam kev tshawb fawb, cov ntaub ntawv tau sau los ntawm kev xam phaj nrog cov kws kho mob. Cov kws kho mob paub zoo tias lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob hais lus tsis zoo txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xav tias cov kws kho mob tiag tiag uas tsis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam muaj ntau dua. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog tiag tiag, tsis yog kev tshawb fawb. 98% ntawm cov kws saib mob, uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus, tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej!

Cov kws kho mob Israeli, txawm li cas los xij, kuj tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas.

16. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob hauv tebchaws Ltalis. (Alicino, 2014, Hum Vaccin Immunother)

Cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tau tawm tsam kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas txawm tias kaum xyoo ntawm kev siv zog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsuas yog 30% ntawm cov kws kho mob, 11% ntawm cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob, thiab 9% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. (Ltalis)

17. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thaum muaj tus kab mob khaub thuas sib kis. (Lub taub hau, 2012, Occup Med Lond)

41% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tsis kam txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv H1N1 thaum xyoo 2009 muaj kev sib kis. Lawv xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj kev phiv, thiab feem ntau tus kab mob no ploj mus yooj yim.

57% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tsis kam txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. (London, Tebchaws Askiv)

18. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas hauv tsev kho mob cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob hauv Beijing. (Seale, 2010, Occup Med Lond)

Tsuas yog 13% ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab 21% ntawm cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas.

40% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob ntseeg tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem ua rau mob khaub thuas. (Beijing, Suav teb)

19. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas raws caij nyoog A (H1N1) 2009 thiab kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob hauv tsev kho mob Spanish University. (Vírseda, 2010, Vaccine)

Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm noj qab haus huv tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, thiab tsuas yog 16.5% tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob H1N1 thaum xyoo 2009 muaj kev sib kis. Lawv tsis ntseeg txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ntshai cov kev mob tshwm sim. (Madrid, Spain)

20. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas ua raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv tsev kho mob hauv tsev kawm German. (Wicker, 2009, Kab mob)

Tau ntau tshaj 20 xyoo, cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv German tau raug yaum kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, tab sis tsuas yog 39% ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab 17% ntawm cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj. Lawv ntshai cov kev mob tshwm sim, ntseeg tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob, thiab tsis ntseeg nws cov txiaj ntsig. (Berlin, Lub teb chaws Yelemees)

21. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tus yam ntxwv thiab kev coj ua ntawm cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob hauv Asmeskas. (Clark. 2009, Am J Infect Control)

41% ntawm cov kws saib mob tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. Lawv ntshai cov kev mob tshwm sim, ntseeg tias txoj kev kis tus kab mob tsawg, thiab feem ntau tsis pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo. (USA)

22. Cov dab neeg qub no rov hais dua txhua qhov chaw. Cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob hauv txhua lub tebchaws tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas.

Canada:

Brazil:

Fabkis:

Lub ntiaj teb tag nrho:

23. Txawm li cas los xij koj qhia cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob no ntau npaum li cas tias txhua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau, tsis yog txhua tus neeg ntseeg nws.

Cov pov thawj tshawb fawb qhia tias kev pom zoo kho mob txog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho lus dab neeg.

UPD: Cov kws kho mob Australian uas pab lawv cov neeg mob tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raug foob. Ntau.

Cov kws kho mob hauv Is Nrias teb uas xaj ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txais khoom plig los ntawm lub tuam txhab tshuaj.