Nco tseg rau tus kws kho mob poj dab: sau thiab ziab cov tshuaj ntsuab

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Thaum Yuav Sau Nroj Tsuag:

- Lub Peb Hlis: birch (buds), lingonberry (buds).

- Lub Plaub Hlis: birch (buds), lingonberry (nplooj), viburnum (bark).

- Tej zaum: birch (nplooj, buds), lingonberry (nplooj), viburnum (cov tawv ntoo), nettle (nplooj), burdock (hauv paus), dandelion (nyom, cag), yug yaj lub hnab (nyom), plantain (nyom), currants (nplooj).

- Lub rau hli ntuj: nettle (nplooj), burdock (hauv paus), dandelion (nyom, keeb kwm), shepherd lub hnab (nyom), plantain (nplooj), wormwood (nplooj), motherwort (nyom), celandine (nyom).

- Lub Xya Hli: viburnum (cov tawv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo), stinging nettle (nplooj), burdock (hauv paus), raspberries (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nplooj), carrots (noob, cag), dandelion (nyom, cag), yug yaj lub hnab (nyom), plantain (nyom), wormwood (nyom, nplooj), motherwort (nyom), celandine (nyom).

- Lub yim hli ntuj: viburnum (cov tawv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo), nettle (nplooj), burdock (hauv paus), dandelion (nyom, keeb kwm), tus tswv yug yaj lub hnab (nyom), plantain (nplooj), wormwood (nyom), celandine (nyom).

- Lub Cuaj Hli: viburnum (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tawv), nettle (nplooj), burdock (hauv paus), dandelion (roots), tus tswv yug yaj lub hnab (nyom), plantain (nplooj), wormwood (nyom).

- Coj tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag uas koj paub zoo. Tsis txhob tua cov nroj tsuag, xav tias tom qab koj lwm tus neeg kuj yuav sau lawv. Tsis txhob xaiv cov nroj tsuag ze ntawm txoj kev lossis cov nroj tsuag.

Cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab tshiab tsis tshua siv. Cov nplooj tshiab ntawm aloe, plantain thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag yog siv kom tau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv tau ua tiav tam sim tom qab sau. Yeej, cov nroj tsuag tshuaj tau qhuav; nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhuav, lawv khaws lawv cov physiological kev ua si rau lub sij hawm ntev. Qhuav tshuaj raw cov ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawd tom qab sau thiab sai. Thaum cov dej raug tshem tawm ntawm lub hlwb, cov txheej txheem enzymatic nres. Yog tias cov khoom siv kho mob ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis hloov thaum kub siab tshaj 60-70 ° C, ziab yog ua tiav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab qhuav hauv txoj kev no feem ntau tsis poob lawv cov khoom txawm tias lub sijhawm luv luv damping thaum khaws cia. Yog tias cov khoom siv tshuaj qhuav qhuav ntawm qhov kub qis, tom qab ntawd thaum nws ntub dej, cov enzymes rov pib ua haujlwm, thiab nws cov haujlwm txo qis. Qee zaum lawv cia siab rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov enzymes, yog tias cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj sia ua rau lub cev, tab sis cov khoom ntawm lawv cov cleavage. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis tau qhuav tam sim ntawd, tab sis tom qab nws qhuav lawm. Qhov no yog ua tiav, piv txwv li, thaum sau valerian.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom qhuav kub yog txawv thiab nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab tej yam khoom ntawm biologically active tshuaj. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos uas muaj cov roj tseem ceeb tau qhuav maj mam, nthuav tawm hauv ib txheej tuab, ntawm qhov kub ntawm 25-30 ° C. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim cov roj tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv mus, thiab yuav muaj ntau ntawm nws nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv qhuav qhuav dua li cov nroj tsuag tshiab. Birch buds sau los ntawm ceg yog qhuav nyob rau hauv qhib cua los yog nyob rau hauv zoo-ventilated chav tsev txias, raws li lawv muaj peev xwm tawg nyob rau hauv lub warmth. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos uas muaj glycosides thiab alkaloids tau qhuav ntawm 50-60 ° C, qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag nightshade uas muaj cov alkaloid hyoscyamine (belladonna, henbane, datura, thiab lwm yam) qhuav ntawm 40 ° C, txij li thaum kub dua qhov alkaloid hloov mus rau hauv atropine., uas ua ob zaug li qaug zog. Bearberry thiab lingonberry nplooj tuaj yeem qhuav ntawm qhov kub siab dua, vim tias glycoside arbutin lawv muaj tuaj yeem tiv taus cua sov txog 150 ° C. Kev kub ceev ceev kom qhuav ntawm cov khoom siv raw no tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm tannins thiab, nrog rau qhov no, discoloration ntawm raw khoom. Cov khoom nyoos uas muaj cov vitamins, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov vitamin C, qhuav sai sai ntawm 80-100 ° C kom tsis txhob oxidation ntawm ascorbic acid. Tab sis qhov ntsuas kub no tsis yog ib txwm siv tau. Yog li, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm dub currant, ntxiv rau vitamin C, muaj ib tug tseem ceeb roj, yog li ntawd, lawv qhuav ntawm 50-60 ° C.

Ua ntej ziab, cov khoom nyoos raug txheeb xyuas, tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag lossis cov nroj tsuag tib yam uas tsis tau npaj rau kev sau qoob loo (piv txwv li, nplooj hauv paj raw cov ntaub ntawv, qhov chaw puas los ntawm kab, xim av, thiab lwm yam). Raw cov ntaub ntawv yog qhuav siv ntuj thiab dag cua sov. Ntuj ziab yog ua rau sab nraum zoov, huab cua zoo, cua. Thaum tsaus ntuj, cov khoom siv raw yog pauv mus rau hauv tsev lossis hauv qab lub tsev. Hauv cov chav kaw, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ziab hauv ib lub tsev hauv qab lub ru tsev hlau los yog hauv qhov chaw ua pa. Chav tsev yuav tsum tau nruab nrog shelving nrog rub-tawm thav duab, them nrog gauze los yog mesh. Koj tuaj yeem qhuav cov ntaub ntawv raw ntawm cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag, dai lawv ntawm cov rafters, ua spacers los ntawm nyias ntoo slats los yog nqaim strips ntawm plywood, uas yog ntsia rau ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 80-100 centimeters. Nrog rau qhov ziab no, cov khoom siv raw yog ventilated tsis tsuas yog los ntawm sab saum toj thiab sab, tab sis kuj los ntawm hauv qab, uas ua rau kom qhuav sai. Cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab tau muab tso rau ntawm txee los yog hammocks nyob rau hauv ib txheej nyias nyias thiab ua ntu zus.

Cov khoom siv raw uas xav tau qhov kub thiab txias yog qhuav hauv cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, thiab thaum tsis muaj lawv, nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov cub Lavxias los yog rau ntawm nws. Lub qhov cub yuav tsum tsis txhob kub heev, txwv tsis pub cov khoom nyoos yuav hlawv. Thaum ziab hauv qhov cub, lub qhov rooj yuav tsum qhib me ntsis. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua kom qhuav cov ntaub ntawv raw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nyob rau hauv qhov cub ntawm lub qhov cub roj, thiab cov nplaim ntawm cov roj burner yuav tsum tsawg, thiab lub qhov rooj ntawm lub txee qhib me ntsis. Rau cov khoom loj dua, cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tau siv.

Nplooj, paj thiab tshuaj ntsuab qhuav, tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm tshav ntuj, kom nplooj tsis tig daj, paj tsis ploj, tsis txhob poob lawv cov xim ntuj. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv huab cua zoo tshav ntuj, koj tuaj yeem qhuav cornflower paj thaum tuav lawv cov xim ntuj. Maj mam qhuav nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo ua rau discoloration ntawm ntau paj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo, noob thiab ntau lub cev hauv av tuaj yeem ziab hauv lub hnub.

Nroj buds yog qhuav nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-ventilated cheeb tsam, sprinkling lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias txheej thiab feem ntau stirring los yog tsis tshem lawv los ntawm cov ceg. Nyob rau hauv ib chav sov, lawv pib tawg. Lub bark yog qhuav nyob rau hauv huab cua zoo sab nraum zoov los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-ventilated qhov chaw. Yog lawm qhuav bark ua brittle.

Nplooj yog qhuav nyob rau hauv attics los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug ventilated cheeb tsam, nteg tawm nyob rau hauv 2-3 txheej thiab feem ntau tig dua. Nplooj nrog nyias nplooj nplooj qhuav unevenly. Thaum pib, nplooj nplooj qhuav, tab sis cov leeg thiab petioles tseem mos. Qhuav lawv kom txog thaum lawv ua nkig. Tom qab ziab, cov nplooj yog raked rau hauv ib lub heap thiab sab laug rau sawv ntsug rau ob peb hnub. Vim lawv hygroscopicity, lawv nyiam ya raws los ntawm huab cua thiab crumble tsawg dua thaum ntim.

Cov paj tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej nyias kom tsis txhob tig thaum ziab. Cov pob tawb ntawm Asteraceae tuaj yeem ntxhov siab (tansy, chamomile, arnica, thiab lwm yam). Cov tshuaj ntsuab tau qhuav zoo ib yam li cov nplooj. Nyob rau hauv zoo- qhuav nyom, tsis tsuas yog nplooj, tab sis kuj lub stems yuav tsum tawg, tsis khoov. Koj tuaj yeem qhuav tshuaj ntsuab los ntawm khi lawv rau hauv cov pob me me thiab dai lawv los ntawm txoj hlua. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav thiab cov noob poob dej txawm tias ua ntej threshing, yog li lawv tsis tas yuav qhuav. Yog tias tsim nyog, lawv qhuav hauv huab cua lossis sab hauv tsev. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj kua yog ziab hauv lub hnub ua ntej ziab thiab ziab ntawm qhov kub ntawm 70-90 ° C hauv qhov cub lossis tshuab ziab khaub ncaws. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav zoo tsis stain tes los yog clump ua ke thaum nyem.

Cov hauv paus hniav thiab rhizomes uas tsis muaj cov roj yam tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ziab hauv lub hnub. Cov rhizomes ntawm calamus, valerian yog qhuav nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-ventilated cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv huab cua tsis zoo, cov khoom siv raw no qhuav ntawm qhov kub siab lossis hauv chav cua. Ua ntej ziab, tuab cov hauv paus hniav thiab rhizomes raug txiav mus rau hauv daim raws, thiab ntev ntev hla mus rau hauv daim, tuab heev hauv lub voj voog. Thaum ziab tag nrho cov hauv paus hniav, siv qhov kub qis kom cia cov hauv paus kom qhuav. Qhuav cag thiab rhizomes yuav tsum tawg.

Nyom kuj tuaj yeem siv los sau cov txaj pw thiab hauv ncoo kom pw tsaug zog zoo.