"Tsis muaj kev tsov kev rog, tsis muaj mob, tsis muaj kev txom nyem" - lub XX caug xyoo tom ntej nyob rau hauv kev kwv yees ntawm cov kws sau ntawv

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1900, tus tshaj tawm Suvorin nws tus kheej tau piav qhia txog lub xyoo pua XX nyob rau hauv nws cov ntawv xov xwm Novoye Vremya: "Kev ua txhaum cai yuav txo qis thiab ploj mus, tsis pub dhau xyoo 1997;" Cain yuav tsa tes tawm tsam nws tus kwv yog tias nws muaj kev lom zem. lub tsev nrog lub txee rau dej sov thiab lub sijhawm kom tau txais kev sib cuag nrog phonographic txuj ci tseem ceeb."

Tab sis Suvorin nkag mus rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm nrog tus kws kos duab Fab Kis thiab cov kws sau ntawv keeb kwm tshawb fawb Robida, uas pom lub xyoo pua 20th ua tsov rog ib puas xyoo, xav tau, kev nyuaj siab thiab kev nyuaj siab.

Yuav ua li cas lawv pom lub XX xyoo pua nyob rau hauv 1900 tau piav nyob rau hauv phau ntawv "Old Petersburg. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm Modernity" (publishing tsev "Pushkin Foundation", 2001).

"Kev tshwm sim ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yuam kom ntau tus xav txog lub neej yav tom ntej. Cov kws sau ntawv keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb tau ua rau kev kwv yees tsis txaus ntseeg. Ib qho ntawm lawv, tam sim no tsis nco qab tag nrho los ntawm Fab Kis tus txiv neej Albert Robida, luam tawm thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua novels nrog nws tus kheej cov duab: "Lub Twentieth. Century", "Lub neej hluav taws xob", "Kev ua tsov ua rog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX", uas tau muab txhais ua Lavxias teb sab thiab luam tawm raws li ib phau ntawv nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nyob rau hauv lub tsev luam ntawm Panteleev cov kwv tij, nyob rau hauv 1894. Nyob rau hauv ib tug parody yam, Robida kwv yees. Muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb pom zoo thiab kev phem cataclysms. Nws tau raug kwv yees hnub tim ntawm Lavxias Revolution thiab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II (uas cov Suav pib nrog nws), kwv yees cov qauv ntawm tsoomfwv ntawm hom no, thaum lub xeev tau txais "txoj cai pov tseg ntawm Nws txoj kev txiav txim siab lub neej ntawm cov pej xeem thiab npog lub ntiaj teb nrog lawv cov neeg tuag", kwv yees cov neeg coob coob thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb, kev puas tsuaj loj hluav taws xob thaum "dawb tam sim no" reservoir thiab hluav taws xob cua daj cua dub raging thoob teb chaws Europe - ib yam dab tsi reminiscent ntawm Chernobyl.

Lwm tus pom, tus kws sau ntawv Jack London, hauv nws phau ntawv Iron Heel, piav qhia txog kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm loj heev ntawm technocratic oligarchy hauv Tebchaws Meskas ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kev tswj hwm kev tswjfwm uas ua rau dej nyab lub tebchaws nrog ntshav thiab ua rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ua qhev tsis muaj kev ywj pheej.. Hmoov zoo, qhov no tsis tshwm sim hauv Asmeskas, tab sis peb paub txog kev tswj hwm ntawm "hlau pob taws" ua ntej.

Cov ntawv xov xwm tau sau txog qhov kev loj hlob zoo kawg ntawm cov nroog nyob rau yav tom ntej, uas nyob rau hauv cov nroog European, hauv London, piv txwv li, cov tsheb thauj neeg thiab cov nees yuav nce ntau heev uas cov nroog yuav raug littered nrog quav nyab.

Ntau qhov kev kwv yees tam sim no zoo li tsis muaj tseeb thiab tsis txaus ntseeg, ntau, alas, tau los txog. Nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1900, Aleksey Suvorin, tus tswv ntawm St. Petersburg ntawv xov xwm Novoye Vremya, luam tawm nws tus kheej tsab xov xwm nrog caustic sib cav txog cov tshiab thiab cov qub, hais txog decadence: "Puas muaj qhov txawv ntawm lub xyoo pua tshiab thiab cov laus? Ib tug ntxhais uas muaj kaum ib xyoos, tau sib cav nrog nom tswv, hais rau nws tias: "Koj tsis nkag siab kuv, vim koj yog xyoo pua 19, kuv yog 20th." Nws yawg hais rau nws tias nws tsis paub txog 19 lossis 20. "Ib puas xyoo sib txawv," nws sai sai hais rau nws thiab khiav tawm.

Nws yog tib neeg qhov kev cia siab, thiab qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev hloov pauv rau qhov zoo dua yog imbued nrog ib tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv "Lub Sijhawm Tshiab" hu ua "1900", luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1900:

"Zoo li tus neeg taug kev uas tau nce toj siab thiab siab siab nrog kev nyuaj, peb tau nce 13 hnub lig hnub no mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th los hais tias "Kuv thov txim" rau nws. Tus sau suav tias xyoo 19th yog lub xyoo pua ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog - muaj 80 ntawm lawv thaum lub xyoo pua, uas tau pib rau hnub Tuesday - hnub Mars. Nws yog kev tu siab los nyeem cov kab no niaj hnub no - los ntawm qhov siab ntawm omniscience ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th uas tau dim kev tsov kev rog loj heev.

Peb hais cov lus no los ntawm Suvorin rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1900:

"Ib qho excerpt ntawm ib tsab xov xwm ua ntej Xyoo Tshiab nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg ntawv xov xwm "Novoye Vremya" kho los ntawm A. Suvorin.

Lub siab zoo tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe ua qhov kev cia siab zoo txog kev muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nce qib thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm noob neej ntau dua. Tam sim no peb muaj peev xwm ntseeg tau tias tib neeg nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum yuav tsum tso tseg kev tsov kev rog thiab internecine, lub zog ntawm kev tshawb fawb yuav kov yeej cov kab mob debilitating, thiab tej zaum kev tuag nws tus kheej, txoj cai ntawm txiv neej thiab pej xeem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yuav tau guaranteed los ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse. huab tais, los ntawm cov lus ntawm peb cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv yuav ploj mus disgusting lo lus "kev tshaib kev nqhis", "prostitution", " kiv puag ncig", "ua phem".

Kev ua phem hauv ib qho ntawm nws lub ntsej muag phem yuav txo qis, thiab ploj mus tag nrho, tsis pub dhau 1997, thiab yuav tsis muaj "qhov chaw dawb huv" thiab qhov chaw tsis tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia ntiaj teb.

Txhua qhov kev npau suav ntawm tus npau suav zoo Jules Verne yuav dhau los ua tau - ya los ntawm rab phom mus rau lub hli yuav dhau los ua qhov chaw zoo li kev mus ncig hauv nroog omnibus. Tus txiav txim rau koj tus kheej, cov neeg nyeem, puas yuav Cain tau tsa nws txhais tes tawm tsam nws tus kwv yog tias nws muaj ib lub tsev zoo nrog lub txee dai khaub ncaws dej sov thiab lub sijhawm kom tau txais kev sib cuag nrog lub suab paj nruag txuj ci tseem ceeb.

Peb cov poj koob yawm txwv tsuas yog khib peb ntawm qhov ntxa - lawv tsis zoo siab vim lawv tshaib plab, tab sis tsis saj cov khoom qab zib ntawm lub xyoo pua tshiab - ib puas xyoo uas tsis muaj kev tsov kev rog thiab kev tu siab, peb zoo siab hais rau peb cov xeeb ntxwv, zaum ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob. xyoo 1950 - "Peb nyob ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub sijhawm zoo ntawm kev vam meej!"

Tab sis kuj muaj lub suab tsis ntseeg. Cia peb mloog lawv.

Fab Kis tsis ntseeg tus kws sau ntawv Albert Robida, luam tawm ntawm nws tus kheej cov nuj nqis hauv Paris tshaj tawm lub tsev "Societe" ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub voj voog "belles lettres", trilogy nrog nws tus kheej illustrations "Lub Twentieth Century", "Electric Life" "Kev Tsov Rog hauv XX. Century." Nrog rau qhov kawg ua haujlwm ntawm Parisian Tus nyeem ntawv muaj kev txaus siab ntawm kev ntsib lub tswb nrov hauv cov ntawv txuas ntxiv rau Niva, rau Lub Ib Hlis 1899.

Nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm peb cov dab neeg, Monsieur Robin pleev xim nrog pasty pleev xim rau ib daim duab ntawm qhov txaus ntshai yuav tshwm sim, ib qho mob stroke ntau absurd dua li lwm tus, rau qhov zoo siab ntawm kev puas tsuaj chatterboxes-dekadents. Ntawm no, yog koj thov saib:

- tsov rog uas txhua lub xeev muaj kev vam meej koom nrog, - khab seeb, charming nroog, qhov twg cov neeg yog flattened, zoo li pressed caviar nyob rau hauv lub thoob, qhov twg txawm meters ntawm qhov chaw nyob tsis yog koj, - monstrous octopuses - hais tias txoj cai ntawm chaw ua haujlwm zais cia pov tseg ntawm lawv qhov kev txiav txim siab rau lub neej ntawm cov pej xeem thiab npog hauv av nrog lawv cov neeg tuag, - London xyoo 1965, qhov twg cov tsheb thauj neeg thiab nees tau mus txog tus lej uas cov pej xeem suffocates los ntawm miasma ntawm dung, - kev poob qis ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees, thaum niam nkauj ntsuab raug suav hais tias yog mob hlwb, - unbridled cynicism thiab dav dav venality ntawm txhua ntu ntawm cov pejxeem, - ib tug orgy ntawm vulgarity thiab self-interest, - niam thiab txiv, muab tso rau auction, - tsis pom ua ntej kab mob, - av yaig, qhuav ntawm hiav txwv, - surrogates ntawm suab paj nruag thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau ib-dimensional ntsuj plig swam nrog hlwb rog, - thiab cov pa tshuaj lom - uas yog tsis yooj yim sua - tom qab tag nrho, ib qho roj txau tshaj cov tub rog lossis cov pej xeem pej xeem yuav khiav tawm hauv huab cua tam sim ntawd.

Tab sis peb cia siab tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum txawm tias riam phom yuav pab tsuas yog cov neeg yos hav zoov thiab cov neeg sau. Cia peb luag ntawm kev quaj ntsuag thiab hais tias:

Monsieur Robin, cia koj zaj dab neeg Christmas txaus ntshai rau cov laus nannies. Lub Great Twentieth Century tab tom los thiab tsis muaj cawv tshiab tau nchuav rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qub. Cia qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tuag ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th poob rau hauv oblivion mus ib txhis nyob rau hauv kev zoo siab quaj ntawm lub tsiab peb caug thiab cov ntshav tsis muaj cannonade ntawm corks los ntawm lub hwj ntawm sparkling caw!