Zero kev kawm

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Kuv nkag siab thaum cov lej theoretical tsis muaj nuj nqis tau tshwm sim, uas peb tau ntim nrog hauv cov tsev kawm niaj hnub no txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nkag siab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb!

Thaum lub remarkably puag ncig thiab tiaj tus "zero" tshwm sim …

Thiab qhov tseeb, thaum twg?

Koj tuaj yeem taug kev mus rau qhov chaw ib txwm mus saib rau qhov kev pom zoo ntawm txhua tus account, i.e. mus rau Wikipedia, qhov chaw koj yuav pom tias "nyob rau hauv ancient Greece tus naj npawb 0 twb tsis paub", nyob rau hauv Sanskrit (xws li ib tug ancient lus, txawm hais tias nws yog hais txog Hindi nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li cov khoom siv Latin ntawm 15th-16th centuries. Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm Dante project) nws yog "hu ua lo lus sunya, uas yog, tsis muaj dab tsi los yog tsis muaj", cov Arabs hu nws "siphr", cov neeg Iyiv "siv cov hieroglyph nfr los qhia xoom," tab sis … "hauv lawv. (Egyptian mathematicians ') tus lej system 0 tsis muaj ".

Koj puas tau txais lub tswv yim? Lub tswv yim ntawm "emptiness" thiab "tsis muaj" yuav tsum tau xaiv ib yam dab tsi, thiab nws tau raug xaiv: ib co nrog ib tug stick, ib co nrog ob sticks, ib co nrog ib tug wedge, ib co nrog ib tug donut. Lawv qhia, tab sis suav. Thiab qhov no, koj pom, yog qhov txawv me ntsis.

Nyob rau tib qhov chaw, Wikipedia hais txog lub sijhawm ze rau peb, uas yog Europe ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, thaum tus kws lej Askiv zoo, tus thawj coj ntawm kev txheeb xyuas lej, John Wallis (tiag tiag Wallis) tau sau tias "zero tsis yog tus lej." Tom qab ntawd peb nyeem cov lus hauv qab no: "Hauv kev ua lej lej, tus lej tsis zoo raug txhais ua nuj nqis, thiab xoom raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj tag." Vim li cas Wikipedia hu ua xoom "tus lej tsis zoo" Kuv tsis paub, tab sis kuv paub tias hauv Wallis lub teb chaws los txog niaj hnub no lub tswv yim (lej) uas peb hu ua "zero" lossis "zero" (uas suav tias yog sib npaug) yuav, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov hu ua cipher, naught, nought, nil, null, xoom, ncoo, o (nyeem zoo li "oh") thiab txawm tias kev hlub (thaum nws los txog rau xoom hauv cov qhab nia kis las). Tsis tas li ntawd, txhais Hamlet, kuv pom tias cov kws sau ntawv ntawm Shakespeare project siv nyob rau hauv kev sib tham ntawm Ophelia thiab Danish prince ua ntej qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Mousetrap ib qho kev ua phem rau cov lus raws li xoom, uas kuj tau hais los ntawm lo lus tsis muaj dab tsi thiab zoo li. implied poj niam meej mom (Hamlet zaum ntawm Ophelia ob txhais ceg thiab ua rau tus poj niam pluag tsis muaj txim hais tias "tsis muaj dab tsi" ob peb zaug, uas yuav tsum muaj kev lom zem tsis yog Hamlet nws tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov neeg tuaj saib hauv lub rooj sib tham, uas tau paub zoo txog tej yam no)…

Thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm, daim ntaub thaiv nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm cov tsos ntawm xoom nyob rau hauv tus account yog me ntsis qhia los ntawm cov kab lus "Txoj hauj lwm ntawm Leonard Euler tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab txhawb kom tiav kev sib npaug ntawm nws nyob rau hauv txoj cai nrog rau lwm tus lej."

Leonard Euler yog, raws li peb paub tseeb, ib txhij ib tug Swiss, German thiab Lavxias teb sab lej. Nws tau sau ntau dua 850 cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txheeb xyuas lej, qhov sib txawv geometry, lej theory, kwv yees kwv yees, celestial mechanics, lej physics, optics, ballistics, shipbuilding, suab paj nruag txoj kev xav thiab lwm yam. Yug hauv 1707, nws nyob hauv St. Petersburg rau ib nrab ntawm nws lub neej. Lawv hais tias qee tus ntawm nws cov xeeb ntxwv tseem nyob hauv Russia, txawm tias qhov no tsis tseem ceeb lawm.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsab xov xwm tau mob siab rau nws hauv Lavxias-lus Wikipedia yog ntsiag to txog, tab sis qhov kuv tus kheej ib txwm hais txog cov txuj ci zoo li no thiab pom nws yooj yim heev: raws li tag nrho txoj hauv kev ntawm Euler txoj kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob, lawv tau qhia, txhawb thiab txhawb nqa los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj lub luag haujlwm rau qhov tseeb tias peb niaj hnub no peb hu nws "science", tsis yog keeb kwm, astronomy, physics lossis lej - cov Jesuits. Lawv muaj cov phau ntawv xov xwm uas nws tau luam tawm, lawv sawv ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab uas nws kawm thiab qhia. Yog hais tias tus nyeem ntawv xav tsis thoob qhov kev kawm Copernicus, Galileo, Bacon (lub taub hau ntawm Shakespeare lub voj voog) tau txais, nrog rau suav tsis txheeb thiab tsis paub tus cwj pwm zoo li Lemaitre, uas tau muab Einstein lub Big Bang txoj kev xav, lossis Chardin, leej twg nrhiav tau tus txiv neej Piltdown., uas brilliantly lees paub txoj kev xav ntawm Charles Darwin (ntau qhov tseeb, nws yawg, uas tseem nyob tom qab), txawm hais tias tom qab 40 xyoo pom tau los ua kev dag ntxias … hauv ib lo lus, yog tias tus nyeem ntawv paub txog qhov Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg Jesuits ua tus tsim ntawm lub ntiaj teb "kev tshawb fawb" niaj hnub no, tom qab ntawd ua tau zoo, yog tias tsis yog, qhov no yog lub ncauj lus cais ntau ntawm kev tshawb fawb.

Tam sim no los ze zog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm kuv tsab xov xwm luv luv.

Thaum "zero" tshwm sim raws li tus lej sib npaug rau qhov sib ntxiv, rho tawm, sib faib thiab faib, tom qab ntawd kev ua lej ntawm lub hlwb ntawm cov pej xeem paub thoob ntiaj teb tau pib. Vim li cas thiaj "txhua yam"? Koj tsis paub tias tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm "kev kawm" pub dawb rau cov neeg coob coob tau qhia rau hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub … hmm, alas, yog, tag nrho cov tib neeg nyob tsis tswm.

Thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab txog qhov tseem ceeb - dab tsi tuaj ntawm nws. Nov yog ob qho piv txwv xwb.

Txhua tus neeg uas tau txais kev pub dawb (thiab niaj hnub no tau them, tab sis raws nraim tib yam) kev kawm paub tias yog tias koj ntxiv 0 rau tus lej (uas yog, tsis muaj dab tsi), ces tus lej qub tseem nyob, thiab yog tias koj muab 0, ces…0 rov.

Tam sim no cia peb saib qhov kev txiav txim siab theoretical los ntawm qhov kev pom zoo. Koj puas muaj tsev neeg. Wb hais tias koj yog 3 tus neeg (los yog 5 tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb). 0 tuaj rau koj, uas yog, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj. Koj tshuav pes tsawg leej? Ntau npaum li nws yog. Cia peb rov hais dua thawj zaug ntawm qhov teeb meem, tsuas yog tam sim no peb yuav muab koj tsev neeg los ntawm 0. Koj yuav tshuav pes tsawg leej? Tsuas yog tsis txhob ntes cov lej, nthuav tawm lawv hauv lub hom phiaj: niam, txiv, koj. Koj tau muab 0, thiab koj … tsis tshuav?

Lub sijhawm no, cov neeg uas tau A's hauv lej pib ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, uas qee zaum hloov mus rau hauv npau taws, vim tias, zoo, nws yog qee qhov txawv, tus sau hais tias "brad", nws tsis yog hais txog qhov ntawd …

Ua li cas? Peb tus neeg muab faib los ntawm xoom yog kom meej meej tsis yog xoom. Peb pom thiab hnov qhov no. Tab sis kev lej - theoretical, Jesuitical - zoo li ib qho ntawm lawv "science", tsis yog physics lossis astronomy, hais tias "Tsis txhob ntseeg koj ob lub qhov muag." Dab tsi tshwm sim yog tias niaj hnub no ntau thiab ntau zaus nws hloov tawm los ua kev kuaj mob tsis yog ntawm ib tus neeg nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws - kev paub tsis meej. Ib feem ntawm lub hlwb nkag siab qhov ruam ntawm qhov tshwm sim (lossis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub paub qee yam ntawm kev ntes), thiab lwm tus qw "Tsis txhob xav! Yog tias muaj dab tsi - qhib phau ntawv nyeem! ".

Thaum kuv pib nthuav tawm cov kev xav no nrov nrov, thiab ntau dua li sau hauv Is Taws Nem, kuv cov kev kawm (txawm tias nws tsuas yog ntawm cov duab uas txoj kev xav pib plam, raws li pom tau los ntawm cov piv txwv yooj yim dhau los) cov neeg sib tw feem ntau luag, rub lawv txhais tes thiab hais txog qhov lawv xav tias yog ib qho kev sib cav tuag rau qhov tsis sib xws.lawv hais tias, tsis muaj qhov theoretical lej, thiab ntau dua li tsis muaj xoom, kuv siv tsis tau kuv lub computer, vim kuv, ib tug neeg ruam, tsis txawm paub tej yam tseem ceeb uas txhua lub computer. ua tsaug rau binary code uas muaj (xws li, surprise!) ntawm ib tug thiab … xoom.

Zoo heev uas lawv xav li ntawd. Tab sis kuv muaj lus nug counter rau lawv.

Yog hais tias koj rov qab mus rau qhov pib ntawm tsab xov xwm no thiab nco ntsoov tias peb cov poj koob yawm txwv Indian, Egyptian, South American paub lub tswv yim ntawm "tsis muaj dab tsi" thiab txawm tias qee yam tau xaiv los ntawm lawv tus kheej, nws puas yog qhov yuam kev los sau cov khoom uas peb. niaj hnub no hu "binary code" tsis yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv 001010010010111, tab sis cia peb hais, zoo li ABBABAABAABBA? Los yog siskin-fawn-fawn-fawn-siskin? Rau qee qhov laj thawj, nws zoo li kuv tias kuv cov neeg sib tw yuav ua npuas ncauj ntawm lub qhov ncauj los ua pov thawj tias nrog kev thuam ntawm kev ua lej, thiab ntau dua li cybernetics, txhua yam yuav hloov. Cov khoos phis tawj yuav nres. Tab sis kuv xav tias nws yog lawv leej twg, nrog lawv cov kev ntshai tias cov khoos phis tawj yuav nres hmo ntuj ntawm 2000 (nco txog qhov "Qhov Teeb Meem 2000" lossis koj puas tau hnov qab lawm?), Tso cai rau cov tuam txhab Jesuit cunning kom tau txais txiaj ntsig loj ntawm nws … daws. Los ntawm txoj kev, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hmo ua ntej ntawm 2000, thawj zaug, kev tsis ntseeg nkag mus rau qhov txaus ntawm cov neeg "kev kawm" feem ntau, kuv cov thawj coj, uas kuv, tus thawj coj lag luam ruam, tau hais kom tsis txhob tos, zoo li txhua tus. Lwm qhov, hmo ntuj txij lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31 txog Lub Ib Hlis 1, thiab yog li tsis them nyiaj rau ib tus neeg rau "kev tiv thaiv" thiab "cov ntaub ntawv thaub qab", tab sis txhais daim ntawv qhia hnub hauv computer thiab stupidly pom dab tsi yuav tshwm sim …

Thiab koj xav li cas?