Tub lag luam Fedot Kotov thiab nws cov kev soj ntsuam

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nyob rau hauv 7131 (1623), los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm lub sovereign thiab Grand Duke ntawm tag nrho cov Russia Mikhail Fedorovich thiab tus huab tais ntawm tus Dawb Huv Patriarch ntawm Moscow thiab Tag nrho cov Russia Filaret Nikitich, Moscow tub lag luam Fedot Afanasyevich Kotov nrog yim comrades raug xa nrog huab tais. cov khoom txawv teb chaws rau Persia."

…. Dhau Astrakhan.

thiab.. ntev, luv eh, tab sis lawv tau txais Terek

Raws li TI, Lavxias teb sab lub nceeg vaj nyob rau hauv Ivan lub txaus ntshai mus txog lub nroog los ntawm 1585 Terek los yog Graters ntawm tus dej Tyumenka, los yog Tersk lub zoszoo li hauv daim duab qhia no

Ces peb tau mus Tarkov

Los ntawm Tarkov mus rau Shah lub nroog Derbent peb hnub ntawm pob mus txawv tebchaws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tiaj tus ntawm roob thiab hiav txwv.

Tej zaum muaj cov khoom txaus rau parsing.

1. Ua ntej, xav txog Terek lossis Terki ntawm tus dej Tyumenka

Muaj ib tug choj hla tus dej, raws li tus tub luam sau, ntoo, nrog ib tug nqa nruab nrab ib feem rau txoj kev ntawm mast hlab ntsha.

Nees muaj pob ntseg ntev - pom tseeb tias mules

Yog li ntawd, hla nees luav nrog nees yog ib qho uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th.

Terek yog lub nroog ntoo, me me tab sis zoo, nws sawv ntawm tus dej Tyumenka, ntawm qhov chaw qis. Bazaars, cov tuam tsev thiab cov tsev nyob hauv lub fortress,

Bazaars, cov tuam tsev thiab cov tsev nyob hauv lub fortress, thiab tom qab nws muaj ib lub tsev teev ntuj.

Wb saib lub monastery

Koj nyiam lub tsev teev ntuj li cas? Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tsib-taw lub hnub qub!

Ib qho tuaj yeem, tau kawg, xav tias lawv pleev xim ua ntej Fyodor Kotov mus ntsib Terek, tab sis tsis tshua muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Smolensk lub fortress-hnub qub yog hla los ntawm Smolensk fortress phab ntsa, tsa (raws li lub official keeb kwm) thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Tsars Fyodor Ioannovich thiab Boris Godunov nyob rau hauv 1595-1602. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub fortress qub, ua tau (raws li nws ntseeg) nyob rau hauv lub Grand Duke Rostislav Mstislavovich nyob rau hauv 1142.

Seb lub fortress-hnub qub nyob rau hauv Smolensk yog lub fortress ntawm Grand Duke los yog tsis yog ib lo lus nug. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias lub fortress phab ntsa ntawm Boris Godunov sawv ntawm lub fortress-hnub qub, hla nws los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb thiab faib nws mus rau hauv ob qhov chaw - ob sab hnub tuaj rays ntawm lub hnub qub nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm Godunov, thiab peb sab hnub poob sab nraum nws.

Kev xaus - lub hnub qub fortress tau tsim ua ntej lub fortress ntawm Boris Godunov, i.e. ntev ua ntej 1595, tej zaum qhov no yog lub fortress ntawm Grand Duke Rostislav Mstislavovich los ntawm 1142 (los ntawm no)

Yog li nws hloov tawm hais tias Fyodor Kotov tsis pom lub hnub qub fort nyob rau hauv dhau, xav tias nws yog ib tug monastic qub txeeg qub tes.

2. Derbent.

Derbent phab ntsa

"Derbent yog lub nroog dawb-pob zeb fortified". - Cov phab ntsa tau tsaus rau hnub no.

"Nws tau hais tias peb caug lub nroog no tau raug dej nyab los ntawm hiav txwv thiab tam sim no muaj lwm tus pej thuam loj thiab muaj zog sawv hauv dej." - Kuv suav 15 tus yees los ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab 16th yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog. Cov theem ntawm Hiav Txwv Caspian hnub no yog rho tawm 29 meters, thiab nruab nrab ntawm Derbent yog 8 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem.

Nyob rau theem no ntawm Caspian, nws shores yuav zoo li no:

Astrakhan, txawm nws qhov chaw nyob, yuav nyob hauv qab hiav txwv.

"Los ntawm Derbent los ntawm cov roob mus rau Hiav Txwv Dub, mus rau thaj av Turkish, ib lub pob zeb tau tsim ib zaug." - Ib tug neeg sau txog phab ntsa no hauv LJ, nco ntsoov - thov tso ib qhov txuas.

"Nyob ze ntawm hiav txwv, tsis deb ntawm Derbent, nyob rau saum toj, ib qho chaw uas plaub caug martyrs dag yog fenced tawm nrog pob zeb slabs, thiab Muslims 88 thiab Armenians 89 hais tias cov no yog Russians, 40 dawb huv martyrs 90. Tag nrho cov hla dhau cov neeg Lavxias mus rau Lawv mus pe hawm, thiab ib txhia muab lawv tej lus thov Lawv pw txhua tus hauv nws lub qhov ntxa, thiab muab ib lub pob zeb dawb loj nrog cov ntawv sau, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv sau no: tsis yog Muslims, lossis Armenians, lossis Turks. inscription yog loj heev."

- Tam sim no dab tsi?

"Plaub caug lub qhov ntxa thaum ub, muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv thaj chaw Northern Muslim toj ntxas ntawm Derbent, raug hu los ntawm Turkic lo lus Kirkhlyar, uas yog, "fortieth century" lossis yooj yim "plaub caug." Ua ke nrog Juma Mosque, cov qhov ntxa no yog ib qho. ntawm qhov qub tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws Islamic thaj chaw rau Caucasus.

Nws ntseeg tau tias Sorokovnik yog qhov ntxa ntawm "dawb huv martyrs", Arab warriors, nyob rau hauv 22 AH (642/3) los yog nyob rau hauv 40 AH (661/2) uas coj ib tug tshiab kev ntseeg rau Derbent thiab tuag nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov Khazars.

Raws li cov lus dab neeg, lub cev ntawm cov tub rog tuag tau raug tso tseg los ntawm cov noog, tab sis lawv tau ua txuj ci tseem ceeb, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv txiav txim siab faus lawv nrog kev hwm. Cov ntawv sau ntev ntawm cov slabs, uas cov keeb kwm qub thiab cov neeg taug kev sau, tau khaws cia tsis zoo rau niaj hnub no. Lawv cov seem tso cai rau peb los ntaus nqi lub qhov ntxa mus rau 7th - 9th centuries.

Ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, lub ntxa yeej ib txwm yog qhov chaw dawb huv rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv Derbent, ob qho tib si rau Arabs, thiab rau Persians, thiab rau Azerbaijanis."

Raws li tus qauv - cov yeej sau ib yam dab tsi..

Ntev npaum li cas los yog luv, thiab Fedor mus nrog nws cov phooj ywg.

3. Shemakha (Shemakhan huab tais - nco ntsoov?).

.. Shemakha sawv hauv qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub roob siab, lub nroog yog pob zeb, me me thiab qis, thiab nws cov chaw nyob yog ua los ntawm pob zeb, muaj ib tug moat nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog (tsis muaj dab tsi tshuav ntawm nws - ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm txoj kab)., cov rooj vag yog kab nrog hlau, thiab cov nroog, bazaars thiab caravanserais Muaj xya caravanserais nyob rau hauv Shemakha - tag nrho cov pob zeb, thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj dej ntws los ntawm cov pob zeb kav los ntawm lub roob hauv av. Yav dhau los, Shemakha tau koom nrog Turkish sultan, tab sis shah tau ntes nws tib lub sijhawm li Shabran. Lub nroog qub hauv Shemakha, sawv ze ntawm lub posad, thiab cov mosques Turkish, shah tau rhuav tshem thiab tsim nws tus kheej, hauv Shemakha muaj ntau yam. Txhua yam khoom thiab silks - dyed thiab raw, Silk yog dyed nyob rau hauv Shemakha, thiab raw silk yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub zos nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, nyob deb ntawm ob thiab ib nrab ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm Shemakha muaj ob lub vaj - lub vaj ntawm lub Shah. Thiab lub vaj ntawm Shemakha Khan; lawv loj hlob ntau yam zaub thiab paj; nyob ntawd ka hloov chav thiab dej hauv pob zeb bass. Tawm tsam cov vaj, siab saum lub roob, yog lub ruins ntawm lub nroog pob zeb, uas hu ua lub nroog ntawm Alexander.

Ruins ntawm lub fortress ntawm Alexander

Lawv saib txawv heev 200 xyoo dhau los. Sab laug, saum toj, saum roob.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov ruins uas qhia los ntawm xub pom zoo dua li peb cov Khrushchev: yog li thaum twg Macedonian nyob ntawm no? Zoo tsis nug.

4. Hauv Iran.

".. Los ntawm Kashan mus rau Natenz 122 ob hnub kev taug kev yog qhov tiaj nruab nrab ntawm lub roob; Natez sawv hauv qhov tiaj, ntawm txoj kev ntawm Kashan mus rau Natenz, nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov steppe muaj ib lub roob puag ncig, cov xuab zeb ntawm ib sab, pob zeb nyob rau lwm qhov, muaj ib txoj kev nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, lub roob muaj lub pas dej ntsev, lawv hais tias tam sim no tsis muaj leej twg nce lub roob no, thiab lawv tsis paub hais tias yog dab tsi rau nws, Muslims hais tias ntau zaus neeg mus rau lub roob ntawd, tab sis. Tsis muaj leej twg rov qab los - nyob ntawd, kev tu siab, lawv tuag 123. Lub roob qis thiab me me, tab sis nws txaus ntshai tsav tsheb nyob ze nws ob hnub, lub roob tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov deb, thiab lawv hu ua "Invisible."

Nyem tau

Lub rooj sib tham ntawm Shah nyob rau hauv lub peev …

".. Lub rooj sib tham ntawm Shah tau teem tsib mais ntawm lub ntsiab square. Txoj kev mus rau ntawm lub vaj ntawm Armenian, Jewish, Avramlyan thiab Tabriz settlements. Tus dej no yog me me, ntiav, … Ua hla tus dej loj thiab siab choj, 150 fathoms ntev, 40 fathoms wide. Thiab nyob rau ob sab ntawm tus choj muaj siab thiab dav, zoo li lub nroog phab ntsa, mus rau lub saum toj no muaj cov ntaiv pob zeb, ntawm ob sab ntawm tus choj, muaj ob kab ntawm cov poj niam zaum ntawm cov phab ntsa, thiab qhov twg lawv tuaj yeem, peb kab, ua tsaug uas lub suab tau faib ua ob. Ntawm no, ntawm tus choj, lawv. suab nrov nrov, ntaus zurnah, ntaus timpani thiab tswb tswb thaum lub shah dhau los, tag nrho cov txiv neej, poj niam, cov tub thiab cov ntxhais qw thiab seev cev. hais, tab sis qhov nruj yog li ntawd nws tsis tuaj yeem mus lossis taug kev - lawv tsoo ib leeg, rub tawm lawv cov ris tsho, rub tawm ntawm qhov sib tsoo, thiab tsoo ko taw. Nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj Persian muaj xws li ib txoj cai: yog hais tias ib tug ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam ntawm xya mus rau yim caum xyoo tsis mus ntsib Shah, lawv raug tua - lawv lub plab yuav ripped qhib."

Cov tuag nrog pitchforks sawv ncig - silence …

“Cov Avramians, uas nrog Shah ntawm lub rooj sib tham, muaj lub ntsej muag siab mos, txhua tus muaj hwj txwv loj, cov plaub hau dub. Thiab lawv khaws cov poj niam hauv ob, peb, thiab tsib, thiab xya, thiab ntau npaum li lawv xav tau thiab ua tau. Lawv hnav ris tsho dav, txhua tus muaj xim ci ci, ua los ntawm cov plaub hau ntxhuav, hnav lub taub hau ntawm lawv lub taub hau, mus rau taw liab qab, hnav ris tsuas yog txog lub hauv caug. Cov poj niam hnav ib lub tsho daj, ua los ntawm tib cov plaub hau ntxhuav. Lawv hais tias lawv ntseeg Abraham thiab hu ua Abramites 146. Thaum ib tug tuag nrog lawv, lawv muab nws nyob ze lawv lub tsev teev ntuj, propagated rau nws nrog ib tug pitchfork hauv qab nws caj pas kom nws tsis poob, thiab nws sawv mus txog rau thaum ib tug noog ya. hauv thiab pecks tawm nws muaj qhov muag. Yog hais tias nws plam nws lub qhov muag sab xis, txhais tau hais tias tus neeg tuag yog ib tug neeg ncaj ncees; yog nws pluck nws lub qhov muag sab laug, txhais tau hais tias nws tsis haum Vajtswv. Ces lawv muab faus rau hauv av.”

Thiab tsis muaj txoj sia nyob ntawm no …

"Thiab cov neeg Yudais, cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam, hnav khaub ncaws cherry, [92] zoo li lub surplice ntawm Lavxias teb sab deacons nrog mantles, thiab muaj ib tug fringe nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hem, ntawm lub taub hau ntawm ib co turbans, lwm tus neeg muaj kaus mom zoo li cowlings.. … Nyob rau hauv Persian lawv tsis hlub nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj, lawv raug tua thiab embittered, lawv hu ua "chagats", thiab ib co - "Zhiguts" ".

Tam sim no lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus tau meej "qee zaum"

"Persian account: yak, du, se, char, pansh, shash, gaft, gashty, ob txhais ceg, dakh, yakzda, duvazda - yog li tag nrho mus txog nees nkaum. Thiab nees nkaum - ntaus, betiyak, bistidu - thiab lwm yam mus txog peb caug Thiab peb caug - rog, silvuyak, silvudu - thiab li ntawm plaub caug. Thiab plaub caug - chichil, chichil yak, chichil du - thiab lwm yam mus txog tsib caug. Thiab tsib caug - penja, penju yak, penju du - thiab lwm yam. mus txog rau caum. Thiab rau caum - tso dag, tso dag, luav, shuzadu - thiab lwm yam mus txog rau xya caum. Thiab xya caum - haftwa, haftya yak, haftwa du - thiab lwm yam mus txog rau yim caum. Thiab yim caum - gashtda, gashtda yak, gashtda du - thiab thiaj li mus txog cuaj caum. Thiab cuaj caum - qee zaum, qee zaum yak, qee zaum ua - thiab mus txog rau ib puas. Ib puas yog ib txheej, thiab ib txhiab yog ib min."

Qee zaum - qhov no yog thaum cuaj caum zaus thiab ob peb ntxiv))

Peb ua tsaug rau Fedor Kotov nrog lub tuam txhab ncaj ncees!