Cov khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau peb nkag siab txog physics

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Phom phom ib zaug suav hais tias yog khawv koob, thiab cov hlau nplaum yog ib qho khoom ua si uas piav tsis tau, txawm li cas los xij, hauv peb lub hnub nyoog thev naus laus zis, muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas nws ua zoo ib yam li khawv koob.

1. Cov hlau uas yaj hauv koj txhais tes

Lub hav zoov ntawm cov kua hlau xws li mercury thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov hlau los ua kua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tau paub zoo. Tab sis cov hlau tawv uas yaj zoo li dej khov hauv koj txhais tes yog qhov txawv txav. Cov hlau no hu ua gallium. Nws melts ntawm chav tsev kub thiab tsis tsim nyog rau kev siv. Yog tias koj muab cov khoom gallium tso rau hauv ib khob dej kub, nws yuav yaj ua ntej koj ob lub qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, gallium tuaj yeem ua rau txhuas nkig heev - tsuas yog tso ib qho kev poob ntawm gallium rau ntawm qhov chaw txhuas.

2. Roj muaj peev xwm tuav tau cov khoom siv

Cov roj no hnyav dua li huab cua, thiab yog tias koj ntim nws nrog lub thawv kaw, nws yuav nyob hauv qab. Ib yam li dej, sulfur hexafluoride tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom ntom ntom, xws li lub nkoj foil. Cov roj uas tsis muaj xim yuav khaws cov khoom ntawm nws qhov chaw, thiab nws yuav tshwm sim tias lub nkoj ntab. Sulfur hexafluoride tuaj yeem rub tawm ntawm lub thawv nrog lub khob zoo tib yam - tom qab ntawd lub nkoj yuav du mus rau hauv qab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, vim nws qhov hnyav, cov roj yuav txo qhov zaus ntawm txhua lub suab dhau los ntawm nws, thiab yog tias koj nqus tau me ntsis sulfur hexafluoride, koj lub suab yuav suab zoo li lub baritone ntawm tus kws kho mob siab phem.

3. Hydrophobic txheej

Cov pobzeb ntsuab hauv daim duab tsis yog jelly kiag li, tab sis tinted dej. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub phaj tiaj tus, kho nrog hydrophobic txheej ntawm cov npoo. Cov txheej tiv thaiv dej thiab cov tee dej coj mus rau ib qho convex zoo li. Muaj ib qho zoo meej tsis kho square nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw dawb, thiab dej sau rau ntawd. Ib qho poob tso rau ntawm qhov chaw kho mob yuav tam sim ntawd ntws mus rau qhov chaw tsis kho thiab sib koom ua ke nrog cov dej seem. Yog tias koj poob koj cov ntiv tes hydrophobic coated rau hauv ib khob dej, nws yuav nyob twj ywm qhuav, thiab "npuas" yuav tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm nws - cov dej yuav xav tau kev khiav tawm ntawm koj. Raws li cov khoom siv zoo li no, nws tau npaj los tsim cov khaub ncaws dej thiab iav rau lub tsheb.

4. Nthuav cov hmoov tawg

Triiodine nitride zoo li ib pob ntawm cov av, tab sis nws cov tsos yog deceiving: cov khoom no tsis ruaj tsis khov uas lub teeb kov ntawm plaub yog txaus ua rau tawg. Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rau kev sim - nws yog qhov txaus ntshai txawm tias txav nws ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw. Thaum cov khoom tawg, cov pa luam yeeb zoo nkauj tshwm. Ib yam khoom zoo sib xws yog nyiaj fulminate - nws kuj tsis siv nyob qhov twg thiab tsuas yog tsim rau kev ua foob pob.

5. Cov dej khov kub

Cov dej khov kub, tseem hu ua sodium acetate, yog cov kua dej uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis. Los ntawm ib qho yooj yim kov, nws tam sim hloov los ntawm lub xeev ua kua rau hauv cov khoom siv lead ua zoo li dej khov. Cov qauv yog tsim rau ntawm tag nrho cov nto, zoo li ntawm lub qhov rais nyob rau hauv Frost, cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv rau ob peb feeb - kom txog thaum tag nrho cov khoom "freezes". Thaum nias, lub chaw crystallization yog tsim, los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub xeev tshiab yog kis mus rau cov molecules raws cov saw hlau. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov kawg tshwm sim tsis yog dej khov txhua - raws li lub npe qhia, cov khoom yog sov heev rau qhov kov, txias heev maj mam thiab siv los ua cov tshuaj cua sov.

6. Hlau nrog nco

Nitinol, ib qho alloy ntawm npib tsib xee thiab titanium, muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo "nco" nws cov duab qub thiab rov qab mus rau nws tom qab deformation. Txhua yam nws siv yog me ntsis warmth. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tso dej sov rau ntawm ib qho hlau, thiab nws yuav rov qab mus rau nws cov duab qub txawm tias nws tau hloov pauv ntau npaum li cas ua ntej. Txoj kev ntawm nws txoj kev siv tau tam sim no tau tsim. Piv txwv li, nws yuav tsim nyog los ua cov iav los ntawm cov khoom siv no - yog tias lawv khoov, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau hloov lawv hauv qab dej sov. Tau kawg, nws tsis paub tias lub tsheb lossis lwm yam tseem ceeb yuav ua los ntawm nitinol, tab sis cov khoom ntawm cov hlau yog qhov zoo siab.