Video: Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua si suab paj nruag muab rau peb?
2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06
Kev txav mus los, dexterity, synchronicity: peb nkag siab tias suab paj nruag cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb li cas, lub hlwb ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj txawv li cas, thiab dab tsi tuaj yeem ua si suab paj nruag muab rau peb?
Hauv nws tsab ntawv Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain (2008), tus kws kho mob hlwb thiab kws kho hlwb Oliver Sachs tau sau tseg:
Lub peev xwm thoob ntiaj teb los teb rau cov suab paj nruag distinguishes tib neeg raws li ib hom. Cov noog tau hais tias "hu nkauj", tab sis suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov complexity, nrog rhythms, harmony, tonalities, timbre, tsis hais lub suab paj nruag, belongs rau peb xwb. Qee cov tsiaj tuaj yeem qhia kom ntaus suab paj nruag, tab sis peb yuav tsis pom lawv tam sim ntawd pib dhia seev cev, zoo li menyuam yaus ua. Zoo li hom lus, suab paj nruag yog ib qho ntawm tib neeg.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev nkag siab, suab paj nruag cia siab tias yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov lus, vim tias nws yog lub suab uas yog thawj hom kev sib txuas lus. Peb muaj peev xwm hais tau kev xav, hais lus, txhawb nqa, ua rau muaj kev khuv leej, kev cia siab thiab kev khuv leej los ntawm lub suab peb tsim, tab sis lub suab paj nruag nws tus kheej invariably ua rau peb muaj kev sib txawv xeev - los ntawm calmness los yog immersion nyob rau hauv sib sib zog nqus tu siab mus rau stimulating incredibly kev ua ub no thiab lub hnub yug ntawm tiag. kev xyiv fab. Thiab tej zaum vim li no, suab paj nruag yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau instinctive thiab kev sib txuas lus arts. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, suab paj nruag raws li qhov feem ntau sensual thiab intuitive kos duab tseem yog ib tug mysterious phenomenon, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm qhov pom ntawm nws cov kev cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb, ntawm peb cov neurophysiology.
Suab paj nruag cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb li cas? Tus kws ntaus nkauj lub paj hlwb txawv li cas? Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua si suab paj nruag muab rau peb? Raws li pom los ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb - ntau heev. Yog li, tsis ntev los no, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Stanford pom tias kev mloog suab paj nruag pab lub hlwb kom xav txog cov xwm txheej thiab txhim kho kev xav. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob ntawm cov suab paj nruag suab paj nruag tau pom tias nws txhawb lub hlwb thiab ua rau lub hlwb tsis muaj zog rau lub suab paj nruag, uas nyob rau hauv lem "pab zog thaum lub peev xwm txav mus los tsis zoo los yog tsis tsim txhua."
Thiab ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no los ntawm Finnish cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Jyväskylä pom tias kev ua si ib qho khoom siv suab paj nruag tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem "hloov" lub voj voog ntawm peb lub hlwb thiab txawm tias txhim kho nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho.
Txoj kev tshawb no yog los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab rau xyoo 2009, uas tom qab ntawd pom tias lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag tau nce qhov loj ntawm cov chaw hauv lub hlwb lub luag haujlwm rau kev hnov lus thiab lub cev dexterity. Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag muaj peev xwm lim tawm suab cuam tshuam thiab nkag siab hais lus hauv qhov chaw nrov nrov, thiab qee tus tuaj yeem khav theeb ntawm qhov txawv ntawm kev xav hauv kev sib tham (hauv tib lub suab nrov). Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los kuj tau qhia tias corpus callosum - cov ntaub so ntswg uas txuas rau sab laug thiab sab xis hemispheres ntawm lub paj hlwb - yog qhov loj ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj tshaj li cov neeg ib txwm muaj. Cov kws tshawb fawb Finnish coj los ntawm Iballa Burunat tau txiav txim siab los tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv qub thiab tshawb xyuas seb qhov xwm txheej no puas txhim kho kev sib txuas ntawm lub paj hlwb hemispheres.
Ob pawg tau tsim los rau kev kawm. Thawj suav nrog cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag (keyboardists, cellists, violinists ua si bassoon thiab trombone), thiab qhov thib ob suav nrog cov neeg uas tsis tau ntaus suab paj nruag ua haujlwm.
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev mloog suab paj nruag - tsis yog ua si xwb - cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb hemispheres, cov kws tshawb fawb siv MRI scanners. Thaum cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub scanners, peb daim suab paj nruag raug ntaus rau txhua tus ntawm lawv: zaj nkauj Kwj ntawm Kev Nco los ntawm Dream Theatre pawg (progressive rock), Argentine tango "Adios Nonino" los ntawm Astor Piazzolla thiab peb excerpts los ntawm classic. - "Sacred Spring" los ntawm Igor Stravinsky. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg txhua tus neeg koom nrog lub hlwb teb rau cov suab paj nruag thiab muab piv rau cov haujlwm ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis hemispheres siv software.
Raws li nws tau muab tawm, ib feem ntawm corpus callosum uas txuas rau ob lub hemispheres yog qhov loj dua hauv cov tshuab raj. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem pom tias sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub hlwb ua haujlwm tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag ntau dua li cov uas tsis yog tshuab raj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov keyboardists tau pom qhov sib npaug tshaj plaws, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntaus nqi rau qhov tseeb tias kev ua si cov keyboards yuav tsum tau siv ob txhais tes ntau synchronous. Burunat hais txog:
Keyboardists siv ob txhais tes thiab ntiv tes hauv ib daim iav zoo li thaum ua si. Txawm hais tias kev ua si cov hlua kuj yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntse zoo thiab kev sib koom tes ntawm tes, tseem muaj asynchrony ntawm kev txav ntawm lawv cov ntiv tes.
Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag hauv pawg kws tshaj lij tau qhia cov lus teb nrawm rau ntau qhov kev xav ntawm lub cev, ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua suab paj nruag. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov txuj ci no - xav tau nrawm thiab nrawm - kuj tseem yuav xav tau kev siv ntau dua ntawm ob lub hemispheres.
Tab sis, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no yog tias txhua qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ntaus suab paj nruag muaj nyob rau hauv lub hlwb tau qhib los ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag thiab tsuas yog mloog suab paj nruag - uas txhais tau hais tias tsis yog lub hlwb hloov nrog kev kawm suab paj nruag xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov suab paj nruag. kev xaav ntawm suab paj nruag. Cov suab paj nruag lub hlwb zoo li "reconfigure nws tus kheej", tsim lwm txoj hauv kev neural.
Peb kuj tau soj ntsuam symmetrical hlwb teb nyob rau hauv fronto-parietal cheeb tsam ntawm musicians, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm daim iav neurons. Yog li ntawd, mloog suab paj nruag zoo li yuav qhib cov neurons uas tseem tswj tau lub zog uas ua rau cov suab ntawd.
Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb Finnish, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias lub hlwb ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag txawv ntawm lub hlwb ntawm tib neeg: nws cov hemispheres sib cuam tshuam zoo dua rau ib leeg. Lawv lub hlwb muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm ntau synchronously, tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau npaj los hais tias cov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas no muab kev sib txuas rau cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag hauv lwm cov txuj ci ntsig txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes. Cov lus nug no yeej yuav yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshiab. Nyob rau hauv lub meantime, ib yam yog tseeb - ib tug ntev ua si ntawm lub suab paj nruag twj paj nruag ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub hwj chim no tsis tu ncua thiab ywj siab ntawm qhov kev ua si qhov teeb meem nws tus kheej. Qhov no tsis yog vim li cas thiaj ua suab paj nruag?
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