Tsev kawm ntawv degradation los yog vim li cas kev qhia paub tsis ua hauj lwm

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nyob rau hauv lub medieval tsev kawm ntawv, rau ntau centuries ua ke, lawv thawj crammed, zoo li parrots, psalms nyob rau hauv Latin, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd pib kawm cov lus Latin. Tom qab ntawd cov neeg ntse pom tias nws yooj yim dua los ua qhov sib txawv: thawj zaug kawm lus, thiab tom qab ntawd kawm paj huam, twb nkag siab qhov lawv hais txog. Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov khoom tsim tau nce sai sai, thiab tsis muaj kev siv zog thiab kev txom nyem.

Nws yog Didactics - kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia kev paub - uas qhia peb zoo dua li txhua yam kev tshawb fawb uas feem ntau qhov ntim ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis sib haum rau qhov tshwm sim. Thiab hais tias koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov khoom tsim tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thaum txo nws txoj kev siv zog.

Kev ua haujlwm ntse - nws yooj yim dua, nrawm dua, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum kawg tshaj li kev ua haujlwm ruam. Thiab qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej txhua qhov chaw. Tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm pedagogy.

Kuv xav txog cov teeb meem ntawm didactics thaum kuv nyeem qhov no, kwv yees tau zoo heev, nco ntsoov:

Hais lus:

Ib zaug tus ntxhais, ib zaug dua zaum lig rau kev kawm.

Nws kawm tau zoo, nws thiaj kawm mus txog thaum nws kawm.

Kuv zaum hauv chav ua noj thiab saib TV.

Nws txawm mus cuag tus chim thiab nug tias: "Txiv! Zoo, ua li cas? Muaj ntau tus kws qhia ntawv piav qhia tsis zoo thiab tsis nkag siab. Cov phau ntawv yog tib yam. Yog tias tsis yog rau Internet thiab koj cov phau ntawv "thaum ub" phau ntawv txhais lus, feem ntau yuav phem…

Koj kuj kawm.? Kuv pom tias koj muaj ntau daim ntawv pov thawj sib txawv rau koj cov kev kawm. Tej zaum tsis tsaug zog thiab tsis ua dab tsi?”

Tom qab ntawd kuv qhia nws txog lub tsev kawm ntawv Soviet uas kuv kawm.

“Peb feem ntau muaj 4-6 zaj lus qhia hauv tsev kawm theem siab. Tus kheej, kuv tsis siv sijhawm ntau dua 1-2 teev los npaj cov ntawv ua tom tsev.

Cov phau ntawv kawm tau tsim thiab cov khoom siv tau yooj yim rau kev nco qab.

Peb nyeem cov ntawv sau rau xyoo tom ntej hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Thiab nws tsis yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm "lub luag haujlwm", tab sis ntawm ib txwm muaj siab xav nyeem phau ntawv, ntxiv rau ntxiv sijhawm dawb rau cov haujlwm nyiam hauv xyoo kawm ntawv.

Cov chav kawm no yog dab tsi?

Nov yog ob peb lub voj voog ntawm koj qhov kev nyiam. Kuv kawm lej thiab Chemistry. Cov chav kawm hauv lub voj voog yog 1-2 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam hauv txhua.

Ib lub tsev kawm ntawv kis las yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Kuv ntaus pob basketball.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau koom nrog kev ncaws pob, ua si rau pab pawg menyuam yaus hauv nroog. Cov kev cob qhia tau ua txhua hnub.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kuv yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub nroog chess thiab checkers club, qhov twg kuv tau kawm thiab koom nrog kev sib tw.

Thiab nyob rau hauv lub vaj, cov txiv neej thiab kuv tsav ib lub pob los yog ib tug puck …

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, kuv cov chav kawm thiab kuv tau mus ncig ua si hnub so, qhov twg peb siv hmo ntuj hauv tsev pheeb suab. Feem ntau ib zaug hauv lub Cuaj Hli thiab Tsib Hlis.

Thiab muaj ntau ntau, kuv tsis nco qab.

Cov xib fwb tuaj xyuas peb tom tsev 1-2 zaug hauv ib xyoos thiab tsis yog nrog kev soj ntsuam, tab sis tsuas yog tham, pom, paub txhua tsev neeg.

Thiab peb tsis tau hnov qab txog xinesmas, tsev cia puav pheej, seev cev-discos, tuam txhab ntawm cov phooj ywg …"

Tus ntxhais: "Koj ua li cas ua txhua yam?"

Kuv cov lus teb ua tiav nws: "Peb tseem muaj sijhawm."

Nws ntsia kuv zoo li kuv vwm, thiab thawj zaug hauv nws lub neej nws tau tawm tsam kuv tsis xav tias: "Txiv, lees tias koj dag."

Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj ntseeg nws tias kuv tsis tau tuaj nrog ib lo lus.

Tsis muaj ib yam tshiab ntawm no rau cov menyuam uas yog cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Qhov teeb meem no tau paub zoo rau peb txhua tus, cov niam txiv, tau ntev.

Lub ntsiab lus tsis yog hais tias peb cov me nyuam raug qhia phem heev.

Lub ntsiab lus yog tias lawv tau noj tas li "porridge nrog rau tes", ua rau lawv qaug zog heev, vim li ntawd, tsawg heev lossis tsis muaj dab tsi nyob hauv lawv lub taub hau.

Tus menyuam raug qhia los ntawm qib thawj mus rau kev qaug zog thiab ua haujlwm tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

Cia li zoo li ib tug classic: "ib gram ntawm ntau lawm, ib xyoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm."

Tau kawg, txhua txoj kev kawm yog kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Tab sis yog tias koj siv didactics, ces cov kev tawm dag zog nyuaj yuav dhau los ua qhov tsim tau zoo, thiab yuav siv sijhawm thiab siv zog ntau dua.

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov phau ntawv kawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv kawm hauv tsev kawm qhia tau hais tias cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam no tau tawm hauv Stalin, nqus cov kev coj noj coj ua zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tsarist gymnasium, thiab kev ywj pheej rau lawv rau cov neeg coob coob.

Qhov kev kawm zoo nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj.

Tsar cov tsev kawm ntawv sau ntawv muaj lub hom phiaj ntawm kev qhia ob peb.

Stalin cov tsev kawm ntawv - qhia sawv daws.

Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, lub hom phiaj yog los qhia, thiab tsis txhob tsav vwm thiab tsis txhob loj hlob mindless cov neeg siv khoom.

Stalin yog tiag tiag, thiab rau tag nrho nws cov cunning, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ingenuous, nws strove kom lub teb chaws tsis txawj ntawv nyeem ntawv. Nws xav kom tau txais ntau tus kws tshaj lij rau kev lag luam loj hlob sai thiab yooj yim li sai tau. Nws didactics cia li khawb av nrog ib tug hoof, nrhiav txoj kev ntawm coherent thiab logic, lom zem thiab kaj, txawj ntse thiab nkag mus rau kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Lub hom phiaj generates txhais tau tias: yog tias koj xav tsa ib tug neeg txawj ntse thiab tsim, ces koj ua txhua yam kom ua tiav qhov no.

Yuav ua li cas yog koj tsis xav tsa ib tug neeg txawj ntse?

Qhov no tsis yog ib lo lus nug tsis ua haujlwm. Tus neeg txawj ntse yeej txaus ntshai heev rau lub hwj chim tshaj tus neeg ruam. Yog lawm, nws muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab tus kws tshaj lij, tab sis nws yuav nug cov lus nug tsis tu ncua!

Thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev muab kev kawm rau ib tug neeg yog hloov los ntawm qhov opposite: ua ib yam dab tsi kom ib tug neeg tsis tau txais kev kawm.

Qhov kev vam meej no, tau kawg, yuav qeeb thiab ntub dej. Tsis ntseeg txog nws. Koj tsis tuaj yeem ya mus rau hauv qhov chaw nrog cov neeg ruam thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem faib lub atom …

Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, nws yooj yim dua los tswj tus kheej lub hwj chim tshaj cov neeg ruam tshaj cov neeg kawm ntawv.

Thiab rau cov thawj coj feem ntau, qhov no tseem ceeb tshaj qhov cosmos nrog atoms.

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Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tau hais tias tam sim ntawd tom qab Stalin tuag, kev kawm, txheej txheem, kev siv thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau pib degrade. Lawv tau dhau los ua zoo li lub paj, uas, ua txuj tias muaj, coj hma liab tawm ntawm nws cov qe.

Ntxiv nrog rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb - tsis txhob "ntseeg" cov dav dav tshwj tsis yog tias tsim nyog, muaj lwm qhov laj thawj.

Cov kws tshawb fawb, uas Stalin khaws cia hauv kev nruj, paub txog lub siab nyiam, pib qhia tawm thiab qhia lawv tus kheej.

Ib tug neeg tsis xav qhia cov ntsiab lus ntau - raws li qhia nws tus kheej tias nws ntse npaum li cas, thiab nws txawv li cas ntawm tus sau phau ntawv dhau los. Tus txiv neej es tsis txhob ntawm cov qhob cij yooj yim ntawm kev paub slipped cov txuj lom kub ntawm nws dag hypotheses.

Kuv yuav hais tsuas yog ib qho kev vwm ntawm ib phau ntawv kawm ntawm lub xyoo 70s. Lawv sim piav qhia rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv Soviet tias lub voj voog yog dab tsi:

"Lub voj voog yog ib qho kev sau ntawm cov ntsiab lus sab hauv thiab ntawm lub voj voog, uas yog, cov ntsiab lus tshem tawm tsis pub ntau tshaj qhov vojvoog ntawm lub voj voog."

Thiab qhov no yog sau los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij!

Thiab tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas ib qho taw tes tsis muaj cheeb tsam, thiab yog li tsis muaj kev sau cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem ua cov duab?!

Peb qhib phau ntawv Stalinist:

"Ib lub voj voog yog ib cheeb tsam uas khi los ntawm lub voj voog."

Xav txog seb nws yooj yim npaum li cas los kawm hauv 30s, thiab nws nyuaj npaum li cas hauv 70s!

Pib nrog Khrushchev, cov tub ceev xwm ntau thiab ntau ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv kawm nrog gibberish. Nws tau pab hauv qhov no, qee zaum tsis nkag siab nws lub hom phiaj tsis yog kom pom kev, tab sis ua kom pom tseeb ntawm lub siab - cov kws tshawb fawb idiot, fooling ncig ntawm originality. Txhua tus ntawm lawv tab tom nrhiav rau lawv tus kheej, txawv ntawm txhua qhov dhau los, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom yooj yim!

Tsoom Fwv Stalinist txwv tsis pub cov neeg dag li ntawd. Tsoom fwv tshiab txhawb nqa.

Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv Khrushchev, ib tug neeg pib inoculate dab tsi tau blossomed nyob rau hauv ob xim hnub no:

ib). Sciences yog heev complex, thiab yog li ntawd incomprehensible rau koj, tso tseg kev cia siab kom to taub lawv

2). Kev tshawb fawb yog qhov tho txawv heev, sib nrauj los ntawm kev xyaum, tsis txaus ntseeg hauv lub neej txhua hnub, thiab koj tsis tas yuav paub lawv txhua.

3). Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob to taub tias nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm sciences peb yog slipping koj txawv insanity, zoo li yog hais tias es tsis txhob ntawm ib coherent thiab unified phau ntawv, lawv tau plam chaotically torn nplooj ntawv sib txawv.

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Capitalism tus cwj pwm ntawm kev kawm yog muab faib ua kev phem thiab cunning sab.

Sab phem tau ntxub kev kawm los ntawm lub sij hawm immemorial. Cov nplua nuj yeej ib txwm pom nyob rau hauv phau ntawv tsis yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev paub, tab sis lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsis meej pem. Lawv txawm muab phau Vajlugkub los nyeem ua ib hom lus tsis nkag siab rau lawv haiv neeg (Latin, Church Slavonic).

Txhua pawg neeg tsim txom thiab mafias tsim kev npau taws tsis tu ncua txog lub tsev kawm ntawv nrov. Capitalism, zoo li nws cov viv ncaus laus-kev tsim, ib txwm txhawb kev tsis paub thiab ntau yam kev xav tsis meej. Thiab yog hais tias tsev neeg tsis xav coj tus me nyuam mus kawm ntawv, capitalism yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog qhov no, yuam nws. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yuav hais, ua tau zoo!

Tab sis nyob rau hauv 19th thiab 20th centuries, qhov kev ntxub ntawm tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau diluted nrog cunning.

Muaj cov cav tov uas ib tug caveman tsaus nti heev tiv tsis tau.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus hais tias "kev paub rau cov neeg coob coob" tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev.

Yog hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv raug tso tseg nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation, kuv xav tias nws yuav ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov heev thiab kev tawm tsam loj heev. Cov niam txiv, nco txog lawv cov menyuam yaus thaum yau, yuav sib ntaus zoo li tsov ntxhuav rau txoj cai ntawm lawv cov menyuam zaum ntawm lub rooj.

Thiab ntawm no capitalism yog cunning.

Nws hais tias: zoo, yog koj lub hom phiaj yog zaum ntawm koj lub rooj, ces … Kuv mam li npaj nws rau koj, thiab txawm tias dawb! Zaum ntawd tau 11 xyoos - tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas koj yuav tsis tau koom nrog hauv kev kawm, tab sis txhua yam ntawm crap, xws li kev xeem thiab kev cob qhia rau kev xeem!

Thaum kawg, sawv daws yuav zoo.

Kuv, peev, tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv, tau txais cov neeg coob coob ntawm tsis muaj dab tsi, hauv qhov tseem ceeb, cov neeg tsis paub lus thiab ua haujlwm tsis paub lus ruam.

Thiab zoo li koj tau kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, "zoo li tib neeg." Koj tsis paub lawv qhia dab tsi hauv tsev kawm ntawv tiag. Koj xav txog qhov incoherent insanity-xav tias yog kev kawm, vim koj tsis tau pom dua!

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Overloading me nyuam mob insanity, capitalism nws tus kheej prompted cov niam txiv nrog ib tug slogan: ua kom yooj yim rau peb cov me nyuam, tsis txhob nug lawv heev!

Ntawd yog, tsis yog lub xeev, tab sis cov niam txiv tuaj tawm nrog kev pib los txo qhov ntim ntawm cov ncauj lus qhia!

Thiab qhov no yog tag nrho lub xeev xav tau. Nws tsaug zog thiab pom yuav ua li cas tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsuas yog 10% ntawm cov neeg nplua nuj tshaj plaws … Thiab txo 90% ntawm "kev tsim txom".

Xws li yog "khawm accordion":

Thaum pib, kev kawm tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev ncaj ncees, thiab raug qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus.

Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov me nyuam tsuas kawm tsis tau tag nrho cov no los ntawm lub siab, lawv pib qhia tsawg dua. Tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub sij hawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ntim.

Thiab qhov no tsis yog didactics. Qhov no yog nws ncaj qha opposite.

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Vim li cas physics "kev lom zem" thiab lej "kev lom zem"? Pom tseeb, nws yooj yim dua thiab muaj kev vam meej rau cov me nyuam kawm nws. Cov tswv yim Didactic yog tsim los txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev paub txog kev paub.

Thaum lub siab ntawm tib neeg yog infused los yog ntxig, embedded los yog txhaj rau hauv ib qho kev lom neeg ntawm tib neeg hom - muaj qhov pom tseeb "tsis kam ntawm cov khoom", nruj.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cov kev xav paub daws teeb meem-cov ntawv nyeem rau hauv ib tus neeg xav txog kev lom neeg hauv "duab" yog, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm zoology, txheej txheem tsis ncaj ncees rau neeg txawv teb chaws mus rau cov tsiaj qus. Xwm, ua ke nrog cov noob, instinctively kis tau dab tsi nws xav tias tsim nyog kom dhau mus raws cov saw ntawm tiam. Kev vam meej raws cov saw ntawm ntau tiam neeg thauj ntau dua li qhov xav tau los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces, innate transporter.

Civilization critically overloads tus txheej txheem ntawm intergenerational hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm kev paub, thiab tej zaum nyob rau hauv ib tug tuag txoj kev rau nws tus kheej. Xws li hais tias ib tug neeg lom neeg tawg thaum lub sij hawm ntawm "ntoo", pov tawm kev txawj ntse ua ke nrog kev vam meej, khiav mus rau hauv hav zoov qus los ntawm "tsim txom".

Didactics tsis cuam tshuam txog VOLUME ntawm kev paub kis. Nws nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txo cov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev lom zem physics, kev lom zem lej, kev lom zem dab neeg. Niaj hnub nimno didactics twb tau tsim ua yeeb yam hermeneutics thiab socio / playful "kev taw qhia ntawm zaj lus qhia" - paub thiab nkag siab txog qhov nro ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm cov kab mob lom neeg uas tawm tsam thawj qhov kev paub txawv teb chaws.

Tab sis didactics tsis tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm kev paub, txoj hauv kev no yog, los ntawm kev txhais, kaw rau nws. Nrhiav txoj hauv kev kom kawm sai dua, lom zem dua, yooj yim dua - tab sis tsis txhob kawm tsawg dua.

Liberalism txawv ntawm didactics uas nws tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm "yuav tsum tau muaj kev paub". Tias yog vim li cas liberalism tsis muaj laj thawj yuav tsum tau sophisticated hauv didactic txoj kev, ua physics lom zem, thiab lej lom zem. Nws tsuas tso tseg lawv - ob qho tib si physics thiab lej.

Tsis nyiam nws, koj tsis xav tau? Txhob qhia!

Loj hlob ib tug neeg ruam - tam sim no nws yog fashionable, qhuas, hwm.

Liberalism tau tso tseg yuav luag lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev vam meej lub neej: lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib luag ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam.

Hauv kev tshawb fawb, txhawm rau tawm tsam, koj yuav tsum muaj kev sib npaug hauv kev kawm rau tus uas koj tawm tsam. Piv txwv li, ib tug tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam rau Einstein yam tsis tau kawm cov ntsiab lus uas Einstein tab tom tham txog lossis Marx, tsis tau kawm cov ntsiab lus uas Marx hais txog.

Tsuas yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam ua rau kev sib tham txog kev tshawb fawb tsim nyog, muab ob qho tib si ntsiab lus thiab txiaj ntsig. Yog tias koj tawm tsam rau ib qho ntawm cov kev xav hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev ywj pheej, uas yog, nrog cov kab lus "dab tsi," "Kuv tsis nkag siab qhov phem," "ntau phau ntawv," ces cov kev tawm tsam no tsis muaj nqi.. Nws zoo li pov ib lub thawv tsis txawm saib dab tsi nyob hauv nws. Tej zaum muaj ib yam dab tsi overvalued, thiab tej zaum tsis muaj tseeb. Tab sis ua li cas koj thiaj paub yog tias koj tsis tau qhib lub thawv?!

Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev ywj pheej ywj pheej, tus neeg ua raws li nws xav tau. Los yog nws hais tias nws yuav nkag mus rau hauv nws lub taub hau, sau txhua yam uas nws nyiam, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog censorship lossis internal-censorship.

A. Parshev qhia tib neeg: "Ua ntej koj hais ib yam dab tsi, xav txog nws, koj puas yog neeg ruam?" Tab sis qhov no, tau kawg, cov lus qhia zoo los ntawm cov neeg ywj pheej yeej tsis quav ntsej, vim lawv tsis muaj lub hom phiaj tseeb, tab sis tus cwj pwm - qhov ntsuas ntawm txhua yam.

Thiab yog hais tias tus neeg tsis nyiam ib yam dab tsi, ces nws yog phem thiab tsis tsim nyog. Thiab yog tias koj nyiam nws, ces ib yam dab tsi zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.

Cov neeg quav yeeb tshuaj nyiam siv yeeb tshuaj ntau heev - thiab cov tshuaj mafia cov nyiaj tau los yuav luag yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, tig "kev tshaj lij" ntawm tus neeg muag tshuaj mus rau qhov txaus ntshai tab sis muaj koob meej.

Kev ywj pheej nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias rau kev tawm tsam koj tsis xav tau kev sib npaug nrog tus nrog sib ntaus. Koj yog qhov tseeb ntawm lub dab teg ntawm lub ntiaj teb ("koj tsim nyog nws!" - qhia qhov khoob taub hau tshaj tawm), tus neeg sib tw pom tseeb qis dua koj.

Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, liberals tawv ncauj, zoo li rab koob ntawm lub compass, siv zog los txhais kab lis kev cai, ntawv nyeem thiab lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv lub "sphere ntawm kev pab cuam." Yog tias koj pib tawm tsam, lawv yuav qw: "Qhov no yog dab tsi yog tias tsis yog kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom?! Metallurgy, los yog dab tsi? Los yog lub zog?!"

Zoo, kev pabcuam kev lag luam muaj nws txoj cai. Ib tug philosopher yuav tsum tau philosophical li ntawd cov phau ntawv yuav. Es tsis txhob nrhiav qhov tseeb, nws muaj kev lag luam. Zoo li, tus neeg yuav khoom ruam yuav nyiam li cas?

Kev lag luam pom tau tias yuav tsum muaj kev paub ntau npaum li kev muag khoom, raws li kev lag luam tawm ntawm cov kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom. Thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem uas peb tab tom tham txog lub hauv paus uas ua rau lub neej kev vam meej! Muaj caij nyoog, tsis yog yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tuav pov hwm tsheb, yuam rau txhua tus neeg tos txais, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj tos Pushkin thiab Shakespeare …

Didactics sim ua li cas txuas qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev paub tsim nyog rau ib tus neeg muaj kev vam meej thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm ib tus neeg lom neeg rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tsev. Nws tau sim nrog cov txheej txheem cunning ntawm mnemonics (kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev yooj yim ntawm kev nco) los pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm "granite-gnawing sciences."

Liberalism tsis xav tau ib qho ntawm qhov no, yog vim li cas nws thiaj li xav tau ib nrab ntsuas thiab palliatives ntawm kev pab? Cia koj tus kheej nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus, uas yog, pov lub hnab ntim ntawm ntau pua xyoo thiab cov poj koob yawm txwv tawm ntawm lub hump, koj saib, thiab koj yuav ncaj!