Lavxias teb sab tub ceev xwm ntawm martial arts ntawm Tuam Tshoj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, thaum cov neeg European pib nquag tshawb nrhiav Tuam Tshoj, tsis muaj laj thawj los tham txog qhov muaj qee yam kev kawm ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev ua si hauv cov tub rog European: txawm fencing ntawm bayonets pib tsim nyob rau hauv European infantry nkaus xwb. nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, thiab thawj gymnastic systems ntawm ce rau cov tub rog pib qhia kuj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm.

Qhov tiag tiag boom ntawm gymnastics nyob rau hauv cov tub rog ntawm cov teb chaws Europe pib tsuas yog mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th: cov seem yog txawm muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyaum kev cai ntawm England, lub teb chaws Yelemees, Fabkis thiab Russia.

Ntaj Master (Shanghai, circa 1930)

Lub zog loj rau qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog kev nkag siab los ntawm European tub rog cov thawj coj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev ntawm ib tug tub rog, tab sis kuj muaj qee qhov tsis txaus siab qhov tseeb uas tau pom tseeb thaum muab piv rau cov tub rog European thiab, piv txwv li, ib tug Japanese. Yog li, A. Mordovin nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm mob siab rau kev npaj qhib lub Main Fencing thiab Gymnastics School nyob rau hauv Russia thiab qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm tub rog gymnastics, sau:

Nyob rau xyoo 1900, ntawm txoj kev mus rau Beijing, cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau taug kev 15 mais ib hnub, thaum cov neeg Amelikas tsuas yog 10. Nyob rau xyoo 1907, cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau them ntau qhov kev ncua deb (khiav). saub, 1908).

Cov tub rog Suav lag luam poob qab hauv riam phom thiab kev tawm tsam: thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, nws cov tub rog tau ua tub rog nrog ntev pikes, phom phom thiab chij (kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm cov tub rog Suav nyob hauv chav tsev tshwj xeeb rau kev hnav cov chij no).

Qhov tseeb, nws tau khaws cia ib lub koom haum archaic uas tau tsuas yog hloov kho me ntsis raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm European piv txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov tub rog lub koom haum, riam phom thiab tactics, Suav tau khaws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev ua si, uas cov neeg European tau hnov qab ntev thiab tsuas yog sim rov tsim dua.

Cov txheej txheem no tau pom ntau dua ib zaug los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Lavxias uas muaj lub sijhawm los paub txog lawv tus kheej nrog kev cob qhia kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tub rog Suav thiab pom, ntawm lwm yam, gymnastic ce, fencing thiab tes-rau-tes kev sib ntaus sib tua ua qauv qhia los ntawm cov tub rog Suav.

Nthuav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov "acrobatics" no muaj nyob rau hauv nws tsab xov xwm "Mongolian thiab Suav pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub Ugra" los ntawm Ya. Barabash, lieutenant colonel ntawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog. Tsab ntawv tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Tub Rog Sau. Y. Barabash muaj lub sijhawm los saib xyuas kev cob qhia cov tub rog Suav rau 4 lub hlis, thaum ua lag luam nws nyob hauv nroog Ugra xyoo 1872 (nws tau ua tus thawj coj ntawm kev ruaj ntseg detachment ntawm Lavxias teb sab consulate nyob rau hauv Ugra).

Gymnastics

"Lub gymnastics nyob rau hauv Suav tub rog tau raug coj mus rau theem ntawm acrobatics. Cov tub rog, nrog lawv ob txhais ceg mus rau ib sab, tig lawv lub cev nyob rau hauv lub diametrically opposite direction, dov nrog lub log, tsa lawv ob txhais ceg saum lawv lub taub hau, ua rau lawv lub cev. jumps amazingly siab thiab dexterous, thiab lwm yam. " (Y. Barabash. Mongolian thiab Suav cov tub rog hauv Urga // Tub rog sau, No. 7. 1872).

Suav tub rog xyoo 1899-901.

Fencing

Cov tub rog Suav fenced ntawm pikes, halberds thiab sabers, thiab, raws li tau sau tseg los ntawm Y. Barabash, lawv tau raug cob qhia ua haujlwm nrog ob sabers tib lub sijhawm (los ntawm txoj kev, qhov txuj ci no tau sau tseg los ntawm ntau tus tub ceev xwm Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws). Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv fenced ntawm "sticks": qhov no yog li cas Lavxias teb sab lieutenant colonel hu ua Suav sib ntaus sib tua saw, san-tsze-phom, txiav txim los ntawm cov lus piav qhia:

"Ob qhov kawg ntawm ib tug stick, tsis ntau tshaj li ib tug arshin nyob rau hauv ntev, yog txuas nrog luv luv hlau chains nrog ib tug kawg ntawm txhua lwm yam ob sticks zoo sib xws. Lub pas nrig nruab nrab yog tuav los ntawm tus neeg tuav ntaj ntawm txoj siv, thiab nrog ob lub siab heev nws ua, tawm tsam txhua yam riam phom thiab ua rau lawv, los ntawm nws sab, nrog kev ua siab zoo "(Y. Barabash. Mongolian thiab Suav cov tub rog hauv Urga // Tub rog sau, No. 7. 1872)…

Tsis zoo li European xyaum, khub kev tawm dag zog tau ua nrog riam phom ntse, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj xwm txheej:

"Tsuas yog Suav dexterity tshem tawm cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv qhov no, txawm hais tias cov tswv yim ntawm cov neeg tua rog tau pom tseeb. Hauv av, lossis tau tswj kom dhia, yuav luag qhov siab ntawm tus txiv neej. Tab sis txawm rau cov neeg uas paub tias qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi, cov nyhuv tawm los zoo heev., tab sis lub sij hawm npaum li cas tau siv rau kev coj tib neeg mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws acrobatic. " (Y. Barabash. Mongolian thiab Suav cov tub rog hauv Urga // Tub rog sau, No. 7. 1872).

Cov tub rog Suav tab tom xyaum wushu.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua

Hmoov tsis zoo, hais txog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm tes (uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tsis tau xyaum hauv cov tub rog Lavxias txhua), Y. Barabash tau hais tias xyaum ua dhau:

"Thaum kawg (thaum sib ntaus sib tua nrog lub nrig - IO), cov neeg sib tw ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam nrog ob txhais tes thiab taw" (Y. Barabash. Mongolian thiab Suav cov tub rog hauv Urga // Tub rog sau, no. 7. 1872).

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias feem ntau cov tub ceev xwm Lavxias tau hu cov haujlwm no "kev dag ntxias" thiab "circus clown" thiab khuv xim lub sijhawm uas cov tub rog Suav tau siv los ua cov txuj ci no..