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13 hnub ploj lawm. Lub riddle ntawm "Lub Xyoo Tshiab"
13 hnub ploj lawm. Lub riddle ntawm "Lub Xyoo Tshiab"

Video: 13 hnub ploj lawm. Lub riddle ntawm "Lub Xyoo Tshiab"

Video: 13 hnub ploj lawm. Lub riddle ntawm
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Raws li koj paub, ob lub Xyoo Tshiab ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv Russia - ib qho, ib yam li nyob rau hauv tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hmo ntuj ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31 mus rau Lub ib hlis ntuj 1, lub thib ob, "Lub Xyoo Tshiab" - tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hmo ntuj ntawm Lub ib hlis ntuj 13 txog rau Lub ib hlis ntuj 14..

Zaj dab neeg ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm "Lub Xyoo Tshiab" yog raws li nram no: lub revolutionary txheej xwm ntawm 1917 coj lub Bolsheviks mus rau lub hwj chim, ib tug tsoom fwv hu ua lub Council of People's Commissars (Sovnarkom) tau tsim, thiab nws tau muab ib tug series ntawm decrees.

Xws li, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 26, 1918, tau tshaj tawm tsab cai hloov daim ntawv qhia hnub tam sim no:

"Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Taw Qhia ntawm Western European daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab koom pheej":

"Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Taw Qhia ntawm Western European daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab koom pheej"
"Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Taw Qhia ntawm Western European daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab koom pheej"

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tsim nyob rau hauv Russia lub reckoning ntawm lub sij hawm uas yog tib yam nrog yuav luag tag nrho cov haiv neeg kev cai, lub Council of People's Commissars txiav txim siab los qhia ib tug tshiab daim ntawv qhia hnub rau pej xeem siv tom qab kawg ntawm lub ib hlis ntuj ntawm lub xyoo no. Vim li no:

1) Thawj hnub tom qab Lub Ib Hlis 31 ntawm lub xyoo no tsis suav tias yog Lub Ob Hlis 1, tab sis Lub Ob Hlis 14, hnub thib ob suav tias yog 15, thiab lwm yam.

2) Hnub tim ntawm tag nrho cov luag num, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus thiab raws li txoj cai, uas yuav tshwm sim, raws li nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia hnub tseem siv tau, nyob rau lub ob hlis ntuj 1 thiab 14, yuav tsum raug xam tias tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 14 thiab 27, los ntawm kev ntxiv 13 hnub rau txhua lub sijhawm kawg …

10) Kom txog rau thaum Lub Xya Hli 1 ntawm lub xyoo no, sau tom qab hnub tim ntawm txhua hnub raws li daim ntawv qhia hnub tshiab nyob rau hauv cov kab zauv tus lej raws li daim ntawv qhia hnub tseem siv tau.

Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev V. Ulyanov (Lenin).

Assistant Nar. Commiss. ntawm Txawv Teb Chaws Affairs Chicherin.

Cov neeg Commissars: Shlyapnikov, Petrovsky, Amosov, Obolensky.

Secretary of the Sov. Nar. Commiss. Gorbunov.

Los ntawm qhov no nws ua raws li lub Ib Hlis Ntuj Tim 1, 1919, Xyoo Tshiab pib nyob rau hauv lub tshiab style, thiab nyob rau lub ib hlis ntuj 14, 1919, nws yog Lub ib hlis ntuj 1 nyob rau hauv lub qub style, i.e. "Lub Xyoo Tshiab".

Ntau tom qab, nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thaum kev ua koob tsheej ntawm lub xyoo tshiab yuav nkag mus rau nws li niaj zaus rut thiab ua ib tug zoo tsev neeg kev lig kev cai, "Lub Xyoo Tshiab" yuav ua kev zoo siab raws li ib qho kev zam txim rau sib sau ua ke yam tsis muaj fanfare nrog cov phooj ywg qub, ib zaug ntxiv zaum ntawm lub rooj sib tham, ua tiav lub sijhawm festive …

Vim li cas tsoomfwv Soviet thiaj li yuav tsum hloov daim ntawv qhia hnub, hloov hnub thiab tsis suav nrog 13 hnub txij li xyoo 1918?

Cov lus piav qhia, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, zoo li muaj laj thawj - lawv tau hloov los ntawm Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub mus rau Gregorian, raws li tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm tsab cai nws tus kheej, raws li koj tau pom, cov lus "Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub" tsis siv, lub sij hawm "Western European daim ntawv qhia hnub" yog siv.

Kuv yeej ib txwm txaus siab rau qhov kev piav qhia no, kom txog rau thaum lub sijhawm thaum kuv ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus ntawm kev qhia txog Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Western European lub teb chaws. Kuv pom tias qhov kev hloov pauv mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe tau tshwm sim ntev ua ntej xyoo pua 20th.

Cia peb pom dab tsi cov keeb kwm keeb kwm qhia peb txog thaum European lub teb chaws hloov ntawm Julian mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th (1582-1587) lawv hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub:

  • Austrian thaj av: Brixen, Salzburg thiab Tyrol (Lub Kaum Hli 5, 1583 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Hli 16, 1583), Carinthia thiab Styria (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 14, 1583 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, 1583)
  • Czech thaj av Bohemia thiab Moravia (Lub Ib Hlis 6, 1584 tau ua raws li Lub Ib Hlis 17, 1584)
  • Rome, Vatican, lwm lub xeev Italian (Lub Kaum Hli 4, 1582 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Hli 15, 1582)
  • Central Provinces ntawm Fabkis (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 9, 1582 tau ua raws li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20, 1582)
  • Germanic av, cov thawj coj me me (Catholic) - ntau hnub hauv 1583-1585
  • Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Hungary (21 Lub Kaum Hli 1587 tau ua raws li 1 Kaum Ib Hlis 1587)
  • Dutch xeev Zeeland, Brabant thiab "States General" (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 14, 1582 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, 1582), Limburg thiab cov xeev sab qab teb (tam sim no Belgium) (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20, 1582 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1582).
  • Kingdom of Luxembourg (14 Kaum Ob Hlis 1582 tau ua raws li 25 Kaum Ob Hlis 1582)
  • Poland (Lub Kaum Hli 4, 1582 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Hli 15, 1582)
  • Portugal (4 Lub Kaum Hli 1582 tau ua raws li 15 Lub Kaum Hli 1582)
  • Spain (Lub Kaum Hli 4, 1582 tau ua raws li Lub Kaum Hli 15, 1582)
  • Switzerland, cantons ntawm Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn (Lub Ib Hlis 11, 1584 tau ua raws li Lub Ib Hlis 22, 1584)

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, lawv hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub:

  • Prussia (22 Lub Yim Hli 1610 tau ua raws li 2 Cuaj Hlis 1610)

    Switzerland, canton Valais (28 Lub Ob Hlis 1655 tau ua raws li 11 Lub Peb Hlis 1655)

  • Fabkis av ntawm Alsace (5 Lub Ob Hlis 1682 tau ua raws li 16 Lub Ob Hlis 1682)

    Strasbourg (Lub Ob Hlis 1682)

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, lawv hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub:

  • Denmark, suav nrog Norway (18 Lub Ob Hlis 1700 tau ua raws li 1 Lub Peb Hlis 1700)
  • Germanic av, Protestant xeev (Lub Ob Hlis 18, 1700 tau ua raws li lub Peb Hlis 1, 1700)
  • Cov xeev Dutch: Groningen (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1700 ua raws li Lub Ib Hlis 12, 1701), Gelderland (Lub Rau Hli 30, 1700 ua raws li Lub Xya Hli 12, 1700), Utrecht thiab Overüssel (Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 30, 1700 ua raws li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 12, 1700), Feb 12, 12 Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj. 31, 1700 ua raws li Lub Ib Hlis 12 1701), Drent (30 Plaub Hlis 1701 tau ua raws li 12 Tsib Hlis 1701)

    Switzerland (Zurich, Bern, Basel, Geneva) (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1700 tau ua raws li Lub Ib Hlis 12, 1701)

    Great Britain thiab Dominions (2 Cuaj hlis 1752 tau ua raws li 14 Cuaj hlis 1752)

    Sweden, suav nrog Finland (Lub Ob Hlis 17, 1753 tau ua raws li Lub Peb Hlis 1, 1753)

    Duchy ntawm Lorraine (16 Lub Ob Hlis 1760 tau ua raws li 28 Lub Ob Hlis 1760)

Sweden 1687
Sweden 1687

Sweden 1687

Hauv Sweden, qhov kev hloov pauv tau xav paub heev.

Sweden txiav txim siab maj mam txav los ntawm Julian mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub yam tsis tau qhia txog leap xyoo los ntawm 1700 txog 1740.

Yog li, 11 hnub ntxiv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm, thiab lub Peb Hlis 1, 1740, kev hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub yuav tsum ua kom tiav. (Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm no, daim ntawv qhia hnub hauv Sweden yuav tsis sib haum nrog ib daim ntawv qhia hnub!)

Yog li, 1700 (uas yog xyoo leap hauv Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub) tsis yog xyoo leap hauv Sweden. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm kev ua yuam kev 1704 thiab 1708 tau dhau los ua xyoo dhau los. Qhov no ua rau poob ntawm synchronization nrog Julian thiab Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub, thiab nws tau txiav txim siab rov qab mus rau Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub. Rau qhov no, ib hnub ntxiv tau ntxiv rau xyoo 1712, thiab xyoo no tau dhau los ua ob lub xyoo leap! Yog li, nyob rau hauv 1712 Sweden muaj 30 hnub nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj.

Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1753, Sweden hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub, ploj 11 hnub, zoo li lwm lub tebchaws.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, lawv hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub:

  • Albania (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1912),
  • Bulgaria (1916),
  • Russia (1918),
  • Estonia (1918),
  • Romania (1919),
  • Yugoslavia (1919),
  • Tim Nkij teb chaws (1924),
  • Qaib ntxhw (1927).

Zoo, nyeem ntawv, tsis muaj dab tsi tau ceeb toom koj tseem?

Thiab kuv tau mob siab rau ob lub ntsiab lus:

  • Lub teb chaws thiab thaj av tau hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub hauv pawg loj hauv 2 lub sijhawm keeb kwm los ntawm 1582 txog 1587 (tam sim ntawd tom qab tshaj tawm ntawm kev hloov kho los ntawm Pope Gregory XIII) thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm 1700 txog 1701. Cov lus nug tam sim ntawd tshwm sim: yuav ua li cas kev lag luam kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej thaum lawv cov hnub sib txawv rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo? Los yog tej zaum txhua yam yooj yim dua - 1582 (i582) rau Catholics yog 1700 rau Protestants (uas yog, muaj 2 lub sijhawm sib txawv) thiab lub teb chaws tau hloov mus rau daim ntawv qhia hnub tshiab tib lub sijhawm?
  • Nyob rau hauv 1700, Tsar Peter Alekseevich ua ib tug hloov kho daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Russia. Tom qab lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 7208 raws li daim ntawv qhia hnub los ntawm Kev Tsim Ntiaj Teb, muaj Lub Ib Hlis 1 raws li daim ntawv qhia hnub los ntawm Tswv Yexus.

Thiab ua li cas? Tag nrho peb cov neeg nyob sab Europe sab hnub poob tau hloov lossis hloov mus rau Gregorian, thiab tus hloov kho tsar, nquag tsim kev lag luam, kev sib raug zoo thiab kev coj noj coj ua nrog rau cov teb chaws Europe sab hnub poob, txiav txim siab hloov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov nom tswv hauv ntiaj teb nrog pawg ntseeg, vim li cas thiaj hloov mus rau lub tebchaws. kev coj ncaj ncees outdated Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub …

Tej zaum lub ntsiab lus yog tias cov keeb kwm ua rau peb yuam kev? Tej zaum Peter thawj qhia txog Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv 1700?

Decree ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm Western European daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Russia
Decree ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm Western European daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv Russia

Nws kuj yog qhov tsim nyog los hloov mus rau ib daim ntawv qhia hnub nrog txhua lub tebchaws ntseeg hauv Tebchaws Europe. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj xav tias Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia, Tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Qaib Cov Txwv lub sijhawm ntawd yog ib lub xeev - lub Ottoman Porta (Turkey). Lub predominant kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv uas yog Mohammedanism (Islam). Cov cheeb tsam no tau txiav txim los ntawm cov uas tsis yog cov ntseeg Vajtswv thiab lawv tsis muaj kev txaus siab hloov mus rau daim ntawv qhia hnub "los ntawm kev yug los ntawm Khetos".

Thiab ntawm no yog ib lo lus nug logic tshwm sim:

Yog tias Russia pib ua neej nyob raws li Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub xyoo 1700, qhov txawv ntawm 13 hnub tshwm sim li cas, uas tau kho tsuas yog xyoo 1918?

Tej zaum nyob rau hauv Russia, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv Sweden, lawv cia siab tias yuav them tawm qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv hnub tim ntawm lub Julian thiab Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub los ntawm tshem tawm leap hnub rau 40 xyoo, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov no nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm npaj thiab thaum kawg raug yuam kom siv. Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub?

Los yog, tom qab kev hloov pauv ntawm Peter, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub tsis paub rau peb, vim li cas thiaj li muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub?

Koj xav li cas?

Tus sau Konstantin Zakharov

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