Chaw muag mis nyuj nco: yog vim li cas cov me nyuam yuav tsum paub txog Tanya Savicheva

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 23, 2020, Leningrad tus ntxhais kawm Tanya Savicheva, uas tau ploj tag nrho tsev neeg thaum lub sijhawm thaiv, yuav muaj hnub nyoog 90 xyoo. Tab sis nws tuag thaum muaj 14 xyoo nyob rau hauv kev khiav tawm ntawm dystrophy thiab ntxhov siab vim. Tus ntxhais tau tso ib daim ntawv teev npe luv luv ntawm cuaj nplooj, qhov uas nws tau sau tseg tias nws cov txheeb ze tuag li cas.

Cov ntaub ntawv tau siv thaum lub sij hawm Nuremberg sim ua ib qho ntawm cov pov thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntawm fascists, thiab tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no tau kawm txog Tanya Savicheva los ntawm besieged Leningrad. Txawm li cas los xij, 75 xyoo tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, tsis yog txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm Lavxias niaj hnub paub txog nws keeb kwm. Feem ntau, cov niam txiv sim tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam los ntawm cov lus tim khawv ntawm lub sij hawm uas phem heev. Cov xib fwb paub tseeb tias qhov no tsis tsim nyog ua.

Kov cov nplooj ntawv

Txhua xyoo, ntxiv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm Lavxias, cov neeg txawv teb chaws tuaj rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm St. Petersburg Tsev Kawm Ntawv No. 35 ntawm Vasileostrovsky District, qhov twg Tanya Savicheva kawm. Hauv 2019, muaj cov menyuam kawm ntawv los ntawm Switzerland, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Austria. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau ua txog ib puas excursions. Raws li tus thawj coj tsev kawm ntawv Oksana Kusok sau tseg, qhov no yog ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau lub xyoo tsis yog ib xyoos. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm 75th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub yeej thiab 90th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnub yug ntawm Tanya, cov ndlwg ntawm cov qhua yuav nce.

"Zhenya tuag rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 28 thaum 12.00 teev sawv ntxov ntawm 1941" - qhov kev nkag nrog tsab ntawv "Zh" tau dhau los ua thawj zaug hauv Tanya Savicheva phau ntawv sau. Nws ua li ntawd tom qab nws tus niam laus tuag. Thiab nws tseem sau cov hnub tuag ntawm nws cov txheeb ze, siv cov ntawv sib xws: "B" - pog, "D" - txiv ntxawm, "M" - niam. Daim ntawv teev npe xaus nrog cov ntawv sau "Lub Savichevs tuag", "Tag nrho cov tuag" thiab "Tanya yog tib tug laug", ua rau ntawm nplooj ntawv nrog cov ntawv "C", "U" thiab "O".

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov duab, keeb kwm thiab cov qauv ntawm blockade qhob cij, cov ntawv ntawm cov tub rog. Daim ntawv teev npe nws tus kheej tau hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv hluav taws xob. Cov qhua tuaj yeem xauj nws ntawm qhov sib tham sib kiosk. Tus thawj yog nyob rau hauv lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm St.

Tanya Savicheva phau ntawv teev npe nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery, qhov twg txog 500,000 tus neeg raug tsim txom ntawm lub siege ntawm Leningrad thiab cov tub rog ntawm Leningrad Front yog faus. Alexander Demyanchuk / RIA Novosti

Tam sim no lub tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj tsis nyob qhov twg Tanya Savicheva zaum. Nws raug xa mus rau Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Siege ntawm Leningrad, hais tias Oksana Kusok.

"Tab sis txawm tias nws yog nws lub rooj, kuv tsis ntseeg, txij li lub tsev kawm ntawv tau ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob thaum ua tsov rog," nws hais.

Cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv, txawm tias cov menyuam yaus hauv kindergarten, raug coj mus rau tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej. Quests yog npaj rau cov yau tshaj plaws: cov neeg tuaj saib tau txais cov lus nug thiab yuav tsum nrhiav cov lus teb nyob rau ntawd, hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov menyuam yaus quaj thaum lawv kawm txog Tanya txoj hmoo thiab nws lub chaw muag mis nyuj, hais tias Oksana Kusok. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov neeg uas tsis tau hnov txog Tanya.

- Tsis yog txhua tus niam txiv niaj hnub no qhia lawv cov menyuam txog cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Qee tus txiv neej tsis paub tias muaj kev thaiv hauv peb lub nroog. Thiab yog tias lawv paub, ces tsuas yog tus kheej qhov tseeb xwb. Tab sis, hmoov zoo, tsis muaj ntau ntawm lawv, Oksana Kusok hais ntxiv.

Tsis muaj neeg siab phem

Xib fwb ntawm Tub Rog University ntawm Ministry of Defense ntawm Lavxias Federation Yuri Rubtsov categorically tsis pom zoo nrog rau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov niam txiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tseeb txaus ntshai hauv cov dab neeg rau cov menyuam yaus txog Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Hauv nws txoj kev xav, sim tiv thaiv menyuam yaus los ntawm kev ua phem rau hauv txoj kev no yog kev ua siab phem.

- Peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tsis tsuas yog hais txog tus phab ej ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, tab sis kuj hais txog ntau tus neeg raug tsim txom, ib qho ntawm Tanya Savicheva. Qhov loj ntawm tus me nyuam no yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias thaum nws cov neeg nyob ze poob ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab tuag, nws nrhiav tau lub siab tawv tso lus tim khawv. Nws puas tau ua rau nws tus kheej? kuv twv tsis tau. Nws xav tawm qee yam kab mob, nco txog nws cov phooj ywg, - hais tias Yuri Rubtsov.

Ib ntawm ob peb daim duab tseem muaj sia nyob ntawm Tanya Savicheva (1933-1944), tuav los ntawm Tanya tus viv ncaus Nina Savicheva (sab xis) thiab tus tij laug Mikhail (sab laug). Duab los ntawm Rudolf Kucherov / RIA Novosti

Qee cov me nyuam niaj hnub no tsis paub Tanya yog leej twg, vim cov kws qhia ntawv tsuas yog tsis tau muaj sij hawm los qhia lawv txog nws. Raws li tau piav qhia rau Izvestia nyob rau hauv lub tsev luam tawm "Prosveshchenie" thiab lub koom haum "Lavxias teb sab ntawv nyeem", cov txheej xwm ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub kaum hli ntuj. Feem ntau ntawm cov phau ntawv siv niaj hnub no los kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm Russia muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Tanya Savicheva. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv phau ntawv edited Anatoly Torkunov "Keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Qib 10 "hais tias Tanya phau ntawv teev npe tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm lub sijhawm thaiv kev txaus ntshai, thiab ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kuj tau muab.

Pavel Pankin, tus thawj coj ntawm Moscow cheeb tsam ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Cov Xib Fwb ntawm Keeb Kwm thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb, tau hais hauv kev xam phaj nrog Izvestia tias tsis muaj leej twg txwv tsis pub cov kws qhia ntawv tham txog Tana Savicheva nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas. Efim Rachevsky, tus thawj coj ntawm Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv №548 "Tsaritsyno", pom zoo rau qhov no. Raws li nws, tag nrho cov qib xya nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv npaj cov ntaub ntawv rau lub 75th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm yeej, thiab ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog devoted rau Tanya.

Txawm hais tias cov tub ntxhais kawm nco txog zaj dab neeg no yog nyob ntawm tus kws qhia txuj ci.

- Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm sib xyaw thiab cov dab neeg tshwj xeeb. Nws yog los ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas kev nkag siab tuaj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, - piav qhia Pavel Pankin.

Txoj cai nco

Siv zaj dab neeg ntawm Tanya Savicheva ua piv txwv, peb pom qhov xwm txheej sab hauv, hais tias Arseny Zamostyanov, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm "Historian" magazine.

- Nws yog tsev neeg zoo tib yam Leningrad. Ib ntawm ntau. Tab sis nws nyuaj rau nrhiav ib zaj dab neeg hais txog qhov thaiv uas cuam tshuam ntau dua, nws hais.

Tanya Savicheva kuj feem ntau piv rau cov neeg Yudais tus ntxhais Anne Frank, uas tau piav qhia txog kev ua phem ntawm fascism hauv nws phau ntawv teev npe. Tab sis Tanya tseem yau - 11 xyoo, tsuas yog menyuam yaus xwb. Tshav kub los ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab txias, nws tsis tuaj yeem khaws daim ntawv teev npe thiab tsuas yog sau ntawv luv luv txog kev tuag ntawm cov neeg hlub. Dab tsi rau? Ntau tus kws tshaj lij - historians thiab psychologists - tab tom nrhiav cov lus teb rau lo lus nug. Cov kev xav sib txawv, tab sis ib yam yog qhov tseeb: qhov no yog li cas tus ntxhais sim kov yeej kev tuag.

Tanya Savicheva lub chaw muag mis nyuj. Duab los ntawm RIA Novosti

- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv phau ntawv teev npe yog tias nws sau tsis yog hais txog nws tus kheej, tab sis hais txog yuav ua li cas nws cov neeg hlub tau tuag. Sau nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab. Tab sis kev tuag tsis tuaj yeem saib raws li ib yam dab tsi. Tanya cov lus stingy qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau nws, - xaus lus Arseny Zamostyanov.

Tanya Savicheva tau ua pov thawj nws txoj cai kom nco qab, tus kws sau keeb kwm sau tseg. Nws tau ua pov thawj tias ib tug neeg, txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej loj tshaj plaws, yuav tsum tsis txhob tig mus ua tsiaj.