Petersburg secrets

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Headless horseman

Tus kws sau paj huam sau tau zoo los ntawm qhov xwm txheej: tus neeg pom qhov pom, Vasily Berkh, qhia nws txog qhov tshwm sim thaum dej nyab. Cov nthwv dej loj npaum li cas taug kev los ntawm txoj kev, hais txog cov txiv neej poob dej rushing los ntawm dej, txog cov cheeb tsam puas tsuaj los ntawm cov ntsiab lus … Thiab hais txog Bronze Horseman cov duab puab towering tshaj tag nrho cov txaus ntshai no.

Lawm, lub monument rau Peter kuv tsis puas. Tom qab tag nrho, nws cov pedestal - "Thunder-pob zeb" - hnyav 1600 tons, thiab thawj qhov loj ntawm lub monolith ua ntej ua yog tsawg kawg yog 2500 tons. Txawm tias cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no, cov no txwv cov lej. Lub crane muaj peev xwm tuav tau xws li ib qho load tshwm sim tsis ntev los no, qhov no yog German colossus Liebherr LR13000. Tab sis txawm niaj hnub no lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem thauj cov pob zeb uas hnyav tshaj 150 txhiab poods los ntawm kev tawm ntawm txoj kev.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov phau ntawv kawm muaj cov lus piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas lub pob zeb loj heev raug thauj mus rau hauv nroog. Lub thaiv tau raug liam tias thawj zaug rub mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Gulf of Finland, thauj khoom ntawm lub nkoj thiab los ntawm hiav txwv, thiab tom qab ntawd coj mus rau qhov chaw raws Neva. Nws yuav zoo li tias txhua yam yog yooj yim - lawv ntes tau nrog ntau cov neeg peasants, muaj txaus serfs. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj cai ntawm physics tsis tuaj yeem dag.

Lub Gulf of Finland tseem nyob tsis tau mus txog rau xyoo 1885. Txog thaum lub Hiav Txwv Canal tau khawb, cov nkoj tau thauj khoom hauv Kronstadt. Cov nkoj uas muaj qhov siab txog li ob metres tuaj yeem taug kev raws "Marquisovaya Puddle". Qhov kev xaiv nkaus xwb yog los tsim lub punt loj loj uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntawm qhov loj loj. "Txoj kev xav, kev hloov ntawm lub nkoj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 4,000 tons, txawm hais tias tib neeg yeej tsis tau tsim cov khoom siv ntoo zoo li no. Ib zaug ntxiv, txoj kev xav, qhov hnyav ntawm 2-2, 5 txhiab tons tuaj yeem nqa los ntawm lub tiaj tiaj hauv qab lub nkoj ntsuas 30x60 meters. Tab sis nws yuav yooj yim vau - qhov ntev ntawm lub zog ntawm tag nrho cov qauv yuav tsawg heev, "Mikhail Rudenko, tus tsim qauv ntawm Baltsudoproekt Central Design Bureau, piav qhia rau Kultura.

Nws hloov tawm tias "cov duab lom zem" hais txog kev thauj mus los ntawm monolith los ntawm cov nkoj uas tsis muaj zog yog kev dag? Tab sis lub pob zeb dag! Peb tsuas yog tsis paub ntev npaum li cas nws tau nyob ntawd.

Txhua yam tsis yooj yim nrog tus pej thuam equestrian. Tus neeg caij tsheb tsis muaj kev sib tsoo, nws hnav ris tsho hauv toga, thiab rab ntaj Roman dai ntawm nws sab. Feem ntau ntawm cov sculptural dluab ntawm Peter lub Great yog txawv kiag li, nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, cov nees muaj ib txwm sam xauv nees, thiab muaj kev txiav txim nrog riam phom. Ntawm no yog tag nrho cov anachronisms. Stirrups tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 6th, ntaj tawm ntawm kev siv ntev ua ntej Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, thiab yeej tsis muaj riam phom nyob rau hauv Russia, raws li nyob rau hauv lub monument. Allegory nyob rau hauv Roman style? Yog lawm, tus neeg Fab Kis Fab Kis Etienne Falcone, uas tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm lub tuam tsev, tuaj yeem tau theej qee yam ntawm Roman monument.

Thiab yog hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi yog luam tawm tag nrho … Nws yog paub tias thaum casting tus pej thuam tig tawm tsis muaj lub taub hau - ib qho yuam kev tawm los. Lub version qhia nws tus kheej: ib tug antique pej thuam yog "hloov".

- Ntawm no yog lub taub hau ntawm Bronze Horseman, ib daim ntawv tseeb. Nws yog sculpted los ntawm Falcone tus tub ntxhais kawm, Marie-Anne Collot. Thiab cov tub kawm ntawv, raws li koj tau pom, tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub siab, tawm ntawm kev hlub zoo rau Tsar Peter Alekseevich. Cov cam khwb cia nyias lub taub hau yog ces txuas mus rau lub pej thuam, - hais tias thiab qhia tus thawj kws tshawb fawb ntawm lub State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg, tus neeg sib tw ntawm keeb kwm sciences Marina Logunova.

Txawm li cas los xij, Bronze Horseman yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Thiab yog tias koj saib ib puag ncig, ces muaj ntau yam tsis meej pem, thiab qhov tsis paub meej kiag li, yuav tshwm sim.

Hauv qab hiav txwv

Promenade des Anglais - cov tsev tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 18th caug xyoo. Rau qee qhov laj thawj, hauv qab daus hauv pem teb ntawm cov tsev tau poob rau hauv av, cov kauj ruam mus 2-3 meters. Ntawd yog, mus rau theem ntawm Neva. Lub caij no, cov neeg tsim khoom tsis tuaj yeem tsis paub txog dej nyab tsis tu ncua. Tus dej siab tshaj plaws tau sawv hauv 1691 - los ntawm 7,6 meters. Nyob rau hauv 1703, twb tau peb lub hlis tom qab lub hauv paus ntawm lub nroog, Peter tau ua tim khawv hais tias cov dej theem "soared" los ntawm ob meters. Thiab cov neeg tsim yuav-ua, koj pom, tig mus ua ruam dhau lawm tias lawv txhim tsa cov tsev uas tsis yog hauv qab daus xwb, tab sis kuj yog thawj pem teb raug dej nyab. Nyob rau hauv lub nroog, yuav luag tag nrho cov keeb kwm centre yog ua los ntawm kom meej meej understated vaj tse. Tsis zoo li txawv txawv?

Cia peb sim piav qhia qhov teeb meem no los ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm St.

- Tseeb tiag, txiav txim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, cov kab lis kev cai txheej tsis tau loj hlob ntau dua 250 xyoo, lub hauv paus hauv qab ntawm cov tsev ntawm cov chaw keeb kwm tau ntau tshaj li ib nrab poob rau hauv av txawm tias thaum ntawd. Qib ntawm Neva kuj tsis hloov. Tab sis peb tsis paub yuav ua li cas piav qhov no, - hais tias Marina Logunova.

Menshikov Palace: tag nrho thawj pem teb yog qis dua hauv av. Cov neeg nyob sib ze Kunstkamera yog tib yam. Lub caij ntuj no Palace - lub qhov rais hauv qab daus loj mus rau hauv av, qhov chaw uas muaj cov plag tsev uas muaj lub qab nthab siab. Thiab Peter thiab Paul Fortress nyob ze ntawm cov phab ntsa yog heaped nrog lub ntiaj teb rau ob meters. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lub hauv paus ntawm Petrovsky rooj vag, tam sim no khawb tawm, nyob rau hauv ib tug tob trench.

Thiab yog li ntawd txhua qhov chaw. Ib tug tau txais kev xav tias tag nrho lub nroog yog ib zaug tsuas yog npog nrog ib txheej tuab ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Los yog npog nrog ntau cov av. Puas muaj dej nyab tiag tiag uas peb tsis paub txog?

Capital ntawm megaliths

Qhov rai qhib rau thawj pem teb ntawm Admiralty tsuas yog nyob ib 'meter' los ntawm hauv av. Ib tug zoo nkauj granite cladding mus tob rau hauv av. Yog vim li cas?.. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsev nyiam cov neeg tshawb fawb tsis yog vim qhov no: muaj anchors ntawm cov pedestals nyob ze nws. Qhov hnyav ntawm txhua tus monolithic granite parallelepiped yog li 20 tons. Tsis muaj functionality. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua (thiab kaum zaus pheej yig dua) txhawm rau quav xws li lub pob zeb tawm ntawm cov cib thiab tom qab ntawd plaster nws. Tab sis ib tug neeg tsis yog tub nkeeg dhau los txiav cov pob zeb loj thiab rub lawv mus rau hauv lub nroog.

Xyoo 1982, lub dab da dej tau raug coj mus rau Peter thiab Paul Fortress, carved nrog cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub precision los ntawm cov khoom thaiv ntawm liab granite. Nws tau yuav los ntawm ib tug neeg los ntawm cov neeg hauv nroog rau 200 rubles. Tab sis leej twg ua nws thiab thaum twg - tsis muaj ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj "da dej" loj dua hauv St. Polished phab ntsa, geometrically zoo meej nto, daim iav polish. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov khoom yog 5.5 meters, qhov siab yog ob meters, qhov hnyav ntawm lub workpiece yog ntau tshaj 160 tons. Cov keeb kwm tsis nyiam rov qab qhov "tsis yooj yim" artifact.

Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los nkaum dab tsi hauv qhov pom tseeb. Kem ntawm Alexandria - granite, 600 tons, 25.6 meters, lub zoo meej truncated cone nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 3.5 meters nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus thiab 3.14 meters nyob rau sab saum toj. Smooth li lub teeb laser, zoo li yog nqis los ntawm lub tshuab dhos titanic. Zoo heev polish, txhua yam ci. Lub hauv paus, uas tus ncej sawv, hnyav dua ib puas tons, thiab ib lub pob zeb 500-tuj mus rau hauv av hauv qab nws. Thaum kawg, qhov loj ntawm lub workpiece los ntawm cov kem nws tus kheej tau ua ntau tshaj ib txhiab tons.

- Monolithic kab yog tsim los ntawm ib hom tshuab dhos, peb kuj muaj ib qho, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom yog 3.7 meters. Muaj cov chav uas ua 10-meter kab. Txhua yam loj dua yog qhov sib xyaw. Peb lub ntiaj teb - cov txheej txheem pob zeb - me me, peb paub peb cov npoj yaig thoob plaws ntiaj teb, thiab tsis muaj leej twg muaj cov thev naus laus zis thiab tsis muaj, hais Rafael Mekhtiyev, tus thawj coj ntawm Danila Master.

Ntxiv dua thiab, muaj cov duab kos uas qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev thauj tus ncej thiab nqa nws. "Kev nqa lub tsheb hnyav 500-600 tons yog qhov teeb meem me tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias ntoo punt nkoj nrog xws li lub peev xwm nqa kuj tsis tshua muaj tiag. Tab sis kev thauj khoom hauv qhov tsis muaj cranes, thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm nws, tsuas yog ua tsis tau. Yog tias koj dov rau ntawm lub nkoj, lub pob taws yuav tshwm sim, thiab lub nkoj yuav poob tam sim ntawd. Ntawm peb lub nkoj nkoj, lub crane nrog lub peev xwm nqa ntawm 500 tons yog qhov tsis tshua muaj. Thiab kom txog thaum tsis ntev los no tsis muaj cov neeg zoo li no, "saib Mikhail Rudenko.

Cov kauj ruam nyob mus ib txhis

Tab sis Tsar Bath thiab Pillar ntawm Alexandria nyob deb ntawm kev ua tib yam ntawm lawv hom, hauv St. Petersburg muaj txaus ntawm hom no. Thiab kuj nyob rau hauv qhov pom tseeb. Ntsib St. Isaac's Cathedral, qhov kev xav tsis thoob ntiaj teb. Tsis muaj exaggeration.

48 monolithic (!) Granite kab, txhua qhov hnyav 114 tons thiab 14.1 meters ntev, lawv zoo tib yam thiab zoo meej los ntawm qhov pom ntawm geometric. Saum toj no, ib ncig ntawm lub nruas, muaj 24 kab. Txhua qhov hnyav 63 tons thiab 11, 14 meters ntev. Cia peb ntxiv ntawm no me me kab hauv cov belfries - 32 ntau daim. Cov no yog me me: tsuas yog 10 tons thiab 6, 34 meters. Txhua yam yog tib yam - hauv kab ntau lawm.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tuam tsev kuj tseem ceeb heev. Nws so ntawm titanic granite blocks, "cib" yog 6 meters ntev, 2-3 meters dav thiab txog ib meter tuab (40-50 tons). Lawv kuj zoo kawg nkaus du, ci, npoo - zoo li rab chais. Lawv kuj muaj cov kauj ruam. Cov kws tsim vaj tse tau qee yam tsis tau dag tshwj xeeb: peb xav tau tus ntaiv - peb tsuas yog txiav nws hauv lub monolith. Peb ua haujlwm nrog granite zoo li nrog qee hom av nplaum. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws sab hauv cov ces kaum yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog noteworthy - qhov twg peb lub dav hlau converge. Tshuab puzzle.

- Frankly, kuv tsis paub yuav ua li cas nws tau ua. Muaj tseeb tiag, muaj ntau yam tsis meej pem hauv ntiaj teb no, nrog kuv tus kheej ob lub qhov muag kuv pom ntau yam khoom siv pob zeb thaum ub, uas tau tsim, tsis paub meej los ntawm leej twg, thaum twg thiab nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej twg. Tab sis tsis yog nrog chisels primitive - qhov tseeb, - qhia txog Rafael Mekhtiev.

Ntawm tes ntawm pob zeb

Niaj hnub no tsawg tus neeg ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub official version ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub Atlanteans ntawm lub tshiab Hermitage. "Ib tug sculptor ua caj npab rau tag nrho cov mlom, ib tug rau ob txhais ceg, thiab ib tug thib peb rau lub taub hau, yog li ntawd lawv tawm ib yam," - tej zaum nws tsis yog funny. Reminiscent ntawm qhov zoo-paub humoresque ntawm Arkady Raikin txog lub atelier. Nyob ntawd, raws li koj paub, nrog rau qhov zoo sib xws "brigade daim ntawv cog lus" txhua yam tig tawm crooked. Ntawm no yog ib tug masterpiece.

Txawm hais tias lawv tau raug cam khwb cia, los yog lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv qee lub tshuab CNC - lwm cov kev xaiv tsis tau tham txog ntev. Lub high-tech version kuj tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm "tus kws sau ntawv sau", uas tuaj yeem pom nyob rau ntawm txoj cai loj heev ze rau ntawm phab ntsa. Lub xyoo thiab lub npe ntawm "sculptor" yog engraved xav tsis thoob roughly piv rau cov kab zoo tagnrho ntawm cov mlom.

Sab hauv yog txawm funnier. Tam sim ntawd koj pom koj tus kheej hauv hav zoov los ntawm kab, muaj kaum ob ntawm lawv nyob ntawm no. Cov uas nyob ib sab ntawm qhov nkag yog ua los ntawm tib qho tsaus grey granite li Atlanteans. Tag nrho cov khoom yog tib yam nkaus, thiab lawv kuj yog monoliths: lawv hnyav kaum tawm tons. Thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev qauv muab tawm qhov muaj nyob rau hauv-kab ntau lawm, qee cov qauv GOST, kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo. Thiab qhov no yog qhov sib txawv kiag li ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev vam meej. Niaj hnub nimno los yog, nyob rau hauv kev saib ntawm peb tsis muaj peev xwm mus replicate cov khoom, siab dua.

Nyob rau hauv 1985, ib tug monument rau Lenin tau tsa rau lub kaum hli ntuj Square nyob rau hauv Moscow. Lub hauv paus rau nws yog monolithic granite kem - lub tog raj kheej 10 meters siab thiab hnyav 50 tons. Lawv txiav nws tawm, ua tiav thiab coj nws mus rau qhov xwm txheej rau ob xyoos tag nrho! Thiab kev thauj mus los rau qhov chaw ntawm kev teeb tsa tau tshwm sim hauv TV raws li kev vam meej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no. Thiab koj yuav tsum tsis txhob thuam cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm Soviet, lawv ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus. Los ntawm txoj kev, nco ntsoov: lub hauv paus ntawm lub monolith sawv yog tsis khoom, nws yog assembled los ntawm tej daim - me me granite blocks. Zoo, peb tsis paub yuav ua li cas nrog lub pob zeb …

Ua ntej, nws hloov tawm, lawv paub li cas. Kazan Cathedral yog ib qho kev tsim kho los ntawm tib "megalithic" series, nrog ntau cov qauv monolithic txhua. 96 sab nraud (txhua li 15 meters) thiab 56 sab hauv (10, 7 meters), Thiab, txiav txim los ntawm cov nom keeb kwm, tsim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv unrealistically - nyob rau hauv tsuas yog kaum xyoo.

Lub Hermitage tshiab tau raug liam tias rov tsim dua nyob rau hauv cuaj xyoo, tab sis ntau dua 30 tau sib tham nrog St. Isaac's Cathedral.

Cov phiaj xwm loj

Muaj ntau qhov tsis meej pem nrog Isaac. Lub tuam tsev ua tiav tag nrho tshwm sim hauv cov duab kos uas hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo sib txawv, tawg - kaum xyoo. Raws li lub ntsiab version, lub tsev teev ntuj pib tsim nyob rau hauv 1819 thiab ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1858. Tab sis ntawm cov duab qub nws tau npaj tiav lawm hauv 1820, muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws tau sawv hauv 1802 thiab txawm tias ntxov dua. Leej twg yuav ntseeg?

- Hauv cov duab ntawm ntau tus kws sau ntawv, qhov tseeb, "cov lus tim khawv diverge." Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia ob qho tib si los ntawm qhov tsis raug nrog cov hnub, thiab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov cathedral sib txawv tau kos. Yog li ntawd, lub tsev thib peb ntawm St. Isaac lub Koom Txoos, uas tau tsim los ntawm Rinaldi, thiab ua tiav los ntawm Brenna, tau ua tiav xyoo 1802. Nws muaj peb qhov nkag, tsis yog plaub lub porticos li tam sim no. Montferrand, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, rebuilt lub tuam tsev, khaws cia lub thaj uas twb muaj lawm ib feem ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm Alexander kuv thiab hloov cov duab ntawm lub belfries, "piav qhia Elena Chernysheva, scientific secretary ntawm lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej-Monument Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm St. Isaac lub Cathedral.

Yuav ua li cas raws nraim tus Frenchman rebuilt thiab yuav ua li cas npaum li cas yog, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug nthuav lo lus nug. Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tsim kho yav dhau los tsis tau muaj sia nyob txhua. Puas yog lawv tsim ib yam dab tsi los ntawm kos lossis ib yam dab tsi "kho"?..

Thiab ntawm no yog lwm riddle. Hauv kev kos duab nto moo ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Grigory Gagarin, ib hom ntawm lub tsev pob zeb uas ploj lawm nyob ib ncig ntawm Alexandrian kem. Ntxiv mus, tus tsim ntawm lub scaffolding tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov coincide nrog lub drawings-daim ntawv qhia ntawm Montferrand. Tej zaum vim hais tias Lavxias teb sab aristocrat kos los ntawm lub neej, tsis tau tsim dab tsi?

Hmoov zoo, lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tau muaj sia nyob - "Axonometric Plan of St. Petersburg 1765-1773". Saib ntawm nws, koj tuaj hla amazing discoveries. Lub nroog yog me ntsis ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo pua, thiab tag nrho cov embankments twb ntsib nrog pob zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau qee qhov laj thawj, ib feem ntawm lub quarters tau kos ploj mus, nyob rau qee qhov chaw lub qab nthab interfloor tau khaws cia ze ntawm cov tsev. Ntawm no thiab muaj tej txuj ci tseem ceeb tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm St. Petersburg muaj ib lub tsev, 20 meters siab, nrog buttresses raws tag nrho cov phab ntsa. Nws sab sauv yog me ntsis reminiscent ntawm Lenin lub mausoleum ntawm Red Square.

- Peb paub txog kev kos duab ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Gagarin, nws qhov tseeb yog qhov tsis ntseeg, nrog rau "Axonometric Plan". Ib lub tsev loj loj nrog cov pob tw tiag tiag ib zaug sawv hauv lub nroog. Nws yog dab tsi, nws mus qhov twg thiab thaum twg tsis paub. Kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis meej pem nrog kev tsim kho ntawm Alexandria Kem thiab lwm yam monuments, - Marina Logunova sau ntawv.

Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tsis raug tso cai rau hauv lub cellars ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral; muaj kev zam rau tus neeg sau xov xwm Kultura. Thiab ntawm no yog lwm qhov puv-fledged pem teb. "Tshwj xeeb, hauv qab daus tau tsim zoo li lub crypt lossis "lub tsev teev ntuj qis". Ntawm no, saib, muaj cov niches tshwj xeeb hauv cov phab ntsa uas tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj lossis teeb, "qhia Elena Chernysheva. Niches yuav luag nyob rau hauv av, uas yog, hauv pem teb yog poured tsawg kawg yog ib 'meter' thiab ib nrab, los yog txawm ob. Nws hloov tawm hais tias lub tsev Ameslikas sawv siab tshaj qhov av theem.

Lub hauv paus ntawm Smolny Cathedral kuj tsis yog ib qho chaw mus ncig ua si. 47 cov kauj ruam mus rau hauv qhov tob ntawm lub ntiaj teb, kuv nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm 12-13 meters. Cov phab ntsa yog ua los ntawm cib thiab blocks ntawm "Putilovsky pob zeb" (ib hom limestone), siab vaults. Lwm yam tsis meej pem "lub tsev teev ntuj qis". Thiab tom ntej no mus rau lub tuam tsev, archaeologists nrhiav tau ib tug heev titanic foundation, nws ntseeg hais tias nws yog tsim rau ib tug 150-meter tswb pej thuam. Tab sis tom qab ntawd lub hauv paus ntawm mega-ntauwd tau faus rau qee qhov laj thawj. Kev xav…

Puas yog Russian Etruscan?

"Lub Vaj Kaj Siab" (lub vaj kaj siab) - qhov no yog qhov Peter kuv hu ua St. Lub npe coj txawv txawv rau lub suab puam swampy ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Baltic, qhov twg cov tub ntxhais hluas tsar tau mob siab rau kev txwv lub zog. Los yog nws tsis deserted?.. "Txiav lub qhov rais" mus rau Tebchaws Europe tuaj yeem yooj yim dua. Riga thiab Revel - cov chaw nres nkoj nrog kev tsim kho vaj tse - tau raug ntes nyob rau hauv 1710, thiab tsis muaj kev poob tshwj xeeb. De facto St. Petersburg tsis xav tau lawm. Los yog nws tsis yog hais txog "qhov rais"?

"Northern Palmyra" - qhov no yog li cas Peter pib hu ua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Nws yog thaum ntawd cov ntaub ntawv tau tshwm sim txog Palmyra - lub nroog tsis meej thaum ub hauv Syria, nws tsis paub meej tias yog leej twg thiab thaum twg nws tau tsim. Kuj tseem muaj cov titanic colonnades, cov tuam tsev loj loj, lub quarters ntawm cov ruins ntawm cov vaj tse majestic. Cov keeb kwm yog sau cov qauv ntawm nws keeb kwm, tab sis lawv tseem tsis tau tsim ib yam dab tsi plausible.

Tsis yog txhua yam yog yooj yim nrog keeb kwm ntawm peb "kab lis kev cai peev", thiab txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem ntseeg qhov no. Nws yog txaus taug kev raws txoj kev ntawm Northern Palmyra. Saib thiab kov nrog koj txhais tes tag nrho cov kev xav paub hais hauv cov khoom no. Thiab leej twg tsim nws thiab thaum twg - cia cov kws tshaj lij pom nws tawm. Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog los qhia meej, vim hais tias cov wildest versions twb tshwm sim. Peb tseem tsis tau pom zoo nrog humanoids, tab sis yuav muaj ntau dua …

Interestingly, muaj cov khoom mysterious zoo sib xws hauv Tebchaws Europe. Aqueducts, uas tsuas yog tsim tau siv laser theodolites, villas nrog cov kav dej niaj hnub, "nyob mus ib txhis" ntawm txoj kev thiab ntau ntxiv. Thiab tom qab ntawd muaj cov ntawv ntawm cov neeg ua ntej ntawm Loos - Etruscans. Etruscum tsis yog legitur ("Etruscan tsis nyeem") - cov lus no tau ua ib qho axiom. Nyeem tau zoo kawg nkaus! Hauv Lavxias. Rov qab rau xyoo 19th, tus kws tshawb fawb Tadeusz Wolanski tau nyeem ntau cov ntawv sau, uas nws raug tsim txom nyob rau hauv Western scientific ntiaj teb no. Tej zaum tag nrho cov no - ob qho tib si Petus thiab lwm yam khoom - tau ua los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv? Thiab Peter kuv paub txog nws. Thiab cov neeg European keeb kwm, uas tom qab ntawd nyob hauv Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, tau ua qhov kev dag ntxias loj?..

Nils JOHANSEN