Dawb Huv Stonehenge

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Stonehenge yog kab tias ib qho ntawm cov qauv megalithic nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws yog hu ua "qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws prehistoric monument" thiab "lub pob zeb loj heev nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov teb chaws Europe". Cia peb pom dab tsi yog qhov tsis meej txog nws, tawm hauv ib qho kev xav tsis zoo.

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog raws li hauv qab no: Stonehenge yog cov kab ntsug ntawm cov pob zeb uas tsim cov voj voog loj. Nws ntseeg tau tias muaj ntau yam Neolithic thiab Bronze Age burials nyob ib ncig ntawm. Archaeologists ntseeg hais tias lub complex tau tsim tej lub sij hawm ntawm 3000 BC. mus txog rau xyoo 2000 BC

Thawj cov neeg tshawb nrhiav ntawm qhov chaw megalithic no muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg heev.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb pob zeb feem ntau yog txuam nrog freemasonWilliam Stukeley, uas nws hnub ntawm lub neej nquag ua ke nrog rau qhov pib ntawm kev qaug zog hauv tebchaws Askiv los ntawm Dutch dynasty ntawm Txiv kab ntxwv, sawv cev rau kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg siv nyiaj tsis zoo ntawm lub txhab nyiaj Amsterdam. Nws yog nyob rau hauv nws zoo li nyob rau hauv 1696 uas Private Bank of England.

Nws tau koom tes nrog kev ua haujlwm Isaac Newton, tau tsa xyoo 1696 ua Tus Saib Xyuas, thiab xyoo 1699 ua Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Royal Mint. Nws cov kev tshawb pom tau tshaj tawm hauv physics yog "cov khoom lag luam" ntawm nws cov kev tshawb fawb hauv almichy thiab kabbalism. Lwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Newton yog qhov suav hnub ntawm "qhov kawg ntawm lub ntiaj teb" los ntawm cov neeg Yudais cov ntawv, qhov uas nws tau nrhiav "cov lej zais" nrog Talmudic persistence.

Cov "pioneer ntawm Stonehenge" William Stukeley tau dhau los ua thawj "tus neeg ua haujlwm" biographer ntawm alchemist thiab kabbalist Newton, uas tau zais ntau qhov tseeb ntawm nws phau ntawv keeb kwm, suav nrog kev tsim thawj "nyiaj txiag pyramid" - Bank of England. Nws yog Freemason Stukeley uas pib hu nws tus kheej "Arch-Druid".

Ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm Stonehenge megalithic complex yog qhov chaw Lus Askiv cuab yeej cuab tam.

Cov cuab yeej cuab tam Askiv yog lub koom haum parastatal uas tau tswj hwm kev tswj hwm ntawm Stonehenge hauv 1983-1984 los ntawm nws tus tswv tiag tiag, tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe British.

Ntawm qhov tsis meej tseem ceeb ntawm Stonehenge yog cov hauv qab no:

1. Qhov no megalithic complex yog npaj rau dab tsi?

2. Leej twg, thaum twg thiab tsim nws li cas?

3. Koj tswj tau li cas kom xa cov blocks hnyav kaum tawm tons ntawm cov quarries?

Thiab thaum kawg

4. Koj tau tswj hwm lub tsev li cas kom meej meej?

Cia peb sim muab cov lus teb rau tag nrho cov lus nug no, pib nrog qhov kawg, raws li qhov tseeb keeb kwm.

Koj tau tswj hwm lub tsev li cas kom meej meej?

Lub megaliths ntawm Stonehenge yog raws nraim nrog lub hnub qub ntuj thiab taw tes rau xws li astronomically cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li kev nce thiab nqis ntawm lub hnub nyob rau hnub ntawm lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no solstices. Txhawm rau npaj pob zeb hauv txoj kev no, ib tus yuav tsum muaj kev paub txog hnub qub niaj hnub. Qhov tsis paub, qhov tseeb, nyob qhov twg cov neeg tsim ntawm Stonehenge muaj kev paub zoo li no?

Cia peb tig mus rau qhov tseeb keeb kwm tsis ntev los no. Christopher Chippindale, archaeologist, tus sau ntau yam kev tshaj tawm ntawm Stonehenge, kws qhia ntawv hauv archaeology ntawm University of Cambridge, tus saib xyuas laus ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Archaeology thiab Anthropology, sib cav hais tias "Me ntsis ntawm qhov peb pom ntawm Stonehenge tau nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los yog. lwm."

Nyob rau hauv lub archives ntawm lub koom haum "English cuab yeej cuab tam", uas yog entrusted nrog kev tiv thaiv ntawm Stonehenge, nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem sau muaj ntau cov duab uas yog pov thawj ntawm lub loj-scale restructuring ntawm Stonehenge.

Xyoo 1953-1958, kev ua haujlwm tau ua nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw Stonehenge siv cov cuab yeej hnyav, suav nrog ntau lub cranes.

Kev tsim kho ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog qhov dav heev uas qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau xav txog lawv qhov kev tsim kho ntawm Stonehenge los ntawm kos.

Reconstruction video 1949-1958:

Txawm li cas los xij, lub version zoo li yuav muaj ntau dua, raws li qhov kwv yees 60 xyoo dhau los, muaj ib qho kev tso kawm tseeb thiab orientation los ntawm lub hnub qub ntuj coj ntau xyoo dhau los thiab nplawm megaliths los muab cov qauv zoo li "kev soj ntsuam qub."

Unsurprisingly, lub pob zeb yog li precisely taw qhia thiab qhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub hnub sawv thiab hnub poob, txij li thaum lub 50s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo ntawm technology yog siab txaus los position lub pob zeb nrog cov neeg siab heev.

Raws li tau pom los ntawm cov duab, thev naus laus zis tau nce siab thaum lub sijhawm. Muaj ob peb cranes, ntawm ntau yam tsim thiab sib txawv nqa peev xwm.

Rau kev siv cov paib runic thiab rau kev ua haujlwm me me, kev siv zog ua haujlwm kuj tau siv, suav nrog kev tuav tes winches rau cov pob zeb sib zog.

Kev ua haujlwm tau raug saib xyuas nyob rau hauv lub xeev nrog kev kuaj xyuas zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas muaj ob peb tug me nyuam nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho - tsis muaj leej twg los ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho ua ib tug tshwj xeeb zais cia.

Raws li koj yuav pom tom qab, tag nrho cheeb tsam ib ncig ntawm Stonehenge tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas, yog li tsis muaj "cov neeg tsis sib xws" hauv cov duab no.

Qee cov megaliths tau thauj mus rau Stonehenge ntawm lub tsheb muaj peev xwm loj, uas txav mus rau hauv pem teb ntawm cov neeg pw tsaug zog nteg tawm nrog "herringbone" thiaj li tsis ua rau cov nyom puas.

Lub pob zeb tau nruab nrog siab precision nyob rau hauv lub yav tas los npaj "qhov". Thaum lub sij hawm installation, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev tsim kho engineers siv cov cuab yeej geodetic.

Nws tsis paub tias cov phiaj xwm twg cov kws tshaj lij tau kuaj xyuas thaum muab cov megaliths, txij li cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho lossis txawm tias ib qho kev hais txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov phiaj xwm tseem tsis tau khaws cia nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv pej xeem.

Hauv ntau daim duab, "daim kab xev" pom tau meej meej - cov no yog geodetic rods rau theem thiab muab cov pob zeb kom raug.

Geodetic rods yog siv ua ke nrog ntau ntau, uas kuj muaj feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub loj-scale reconstruction ntawm Stonehenge.

Qee zaum kev ntsuas kab xev yooj yim, cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag tuav tes, thiab cov kav kuj tau siv. Qhov yooj yim qhov muag ntawm civil engineers tau ua tib zoo xyuas nrog cov cuab yeej.

Precisely teem lub pob zeb tau tsau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrog niaj hnub pob zeb. Daim duab qhia meej meej lub npe ntawm lub tuam txhab "Premix", uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, muab pob zeb rau Stonehenge.

Qee qhov kev tsim kho, xws li, piv txwv li, thaj ua rau thaj ntawm megalith tau ua kom txhob txwm tshaj tawm thiab ua yeeb yam. Thaj, qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los piav qhia txog kev siv cov pob zeb niaj hnub no.

Obviously, lub megalith tsis tuaj yeem sawv hauv txoj hauj lwm no ncaj nraim ua ntej lub thaj raug teeb tsa, yog li tsis muaj dab tsi tseeb tuaj yeem hais txog nws qhov chaw tam sim no.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias thawj, pom tau hais tias tsis muaj kev vam meej tag nrho, sim ua kom raug lub pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm "reconstruction" ntawm Stonehenge tau ua nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Tab sis "rov tsim kho" tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob tau qhia lub ntiaj teb ib qho chaw megalithic, qhov zoo tshaj plaws taw qhia rau saum ntuj lub hnub qub.

Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub official lub website ntawm lub koom haum "English cuab yeej cuab tam" muaj dawb do ntau tshaj 200 duabqhia kom ntxaws Rebuilding ntawm Stonehenge nyob rau hauv 1953-1958 xyoo nrog kev siv cov khoom siv niaj hnub precision geodetic thiab cov txheej txheem hnyav rau kev xa thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm megaliths.

Tam sim no, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntseeg tau tau khaws cia txog qhov chaw tiag tiag ntawm megaliths nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Cov duab kos duab keeb kwm tsis txhawb kev ntseeg siab ntau thiab zoo li cov duab kos lossis duab kos duab rau yav tom ntej kev tsim kho, suav nrog thawj daim duab Stonehenge los ntawm William Stukeley, suav nrog hauv nws phau ntawv thiab hnub tim 1740. Nws sketches kiag li tsis sib haum rau qhov tseeb txog Stonehenge, raws li nws tau nthuav tawm rau peb los ntawm cov neeg keeb kwm.

Yog li ntawd, ib qho kev tshawb fawb rau hauv "tsis paub meej" ntawm qhov tseeb astronomical orientation ntawm megaliths thiab pov thawj tias Stonehenge yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam thaum ub tau tawm tsam qhov yooj yim qhov tseeb tias txhua lub pob zeb tau hloov pauv thiab muab tso rau kwv yees li. 60 xyoo dhau losuas yog qhov Dr. Christopher Chipindale, tus xibfwb ntawm archaeology ntawm Cambridge, quaj quaj.

Cov lus teb rau thawj riddle ntawm Stonehenge: "Yuav ua li cas koj tswj kom orient lub megaliths li precisely nyob rau hauv lub starry ntuj?" suab prosaically yooj yim: nrog kev pab los ntawm British thev naus laus zis thiab khoom siv ntawm nruab nrab-20th caug xyoo.

Cia peb mus rau qhov thib ob riddle.

Yuav ua li cas koj tswj kom xa cov blocks hnyav kaum tawm tons ntawm quarries?

Kev pab me ntsis:

Stonehenge yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb loj loj ntawm cov xuab zeb megalithic hu ua "Sarsen", uas hnyav li ntawm 7 txog 50 tons. Hom thib ob ntawm Stonehenge megaliths yog dawb-sawv thiaj li hu ua "xiav pob zeb" hnyav txog li 5 tons. Megaliths tau txais lub npe no rau cov xim xiav, uas tshwm tsuas yog thaum lub pob zeb ntub dej.

Loj Sarsens pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm Marlborough Downs, uas yog 30 kilometers sab qaum teb ntawm Stonehenge.

"Blue pob zeb" raug coj los ntawm qhov deb. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws tau tsim muaj kev ntseeg siab tias "pob zeb xiav" tsim nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam me me ntawm ib square mais ntawm Preselli Toj siab hauv Wales - thiab tsuas yog muaj. Raws li qhov no, cov kws tshawb fawb xaus lus tias "pob zeb xiav" tau mus rau Stonehenge yam tsawg 200 mais.

Yuav ua li cas cov ntau-tuj megaliths xa mus rau qhov deb ntawm kaum thiab pua pua kilometers rau Stonehenge?

Cov lus teb, pom tau hais tias, nyob rau hauv tub rog tshwj xeeb siv ob qho kev tsim kho vaj tse uas tau siv ncaj qha nyob ib puag ncig Stonehenge thiab yog ib feem khaws cia rau hnub no.

Cia peb rov qab mus rau qhov tseeb txog ib puas xyoo dhau los.

Stonehenge tub rog hangars

Lub hav zoov ntawm lub tshav dav hlau tub rog thiab cov hangars loj loj ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Stonehenge yog qhov tseeb me ntsis.

Txhawm rau piav qhia, ntawm no yog cov lus pom los ntawm ib qho ntawm British forums:

Ob peb xyoos dhau los kuv tau mus koom ib lub rooj sib tham rau pej xeem los tham txog kev tsim lub tsheb qhov av ze Stonehenge. Ib qho kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm kev hloov A303 txoj kev mus rau hauv txoj kev nthuav dav yog qhov kev hem thawj ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm archaeology. Kuv txaus siab rau qhov zoo li coj txawv txawv thaum kuv tau taw qhia rau cov neeg tam sim no hais tias archaeology, uas "lawv" tau txhawj xeeb, tau ntev tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov tsev dav hlau. Qhov tseeb tias [hauv Stonehenge] muaj ib zaug hauv tshav dav hlau yog xov xwm rau feem coob ntawm cov neeg coob coob, suav nrog qee qhov loj ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam Askiv.

Cia peb tig mus rau qhov chaw tso cai - daim ntawv tshaj tawm txog kev tshawb fawb archaeological ntawm thaj chaw ib ncig ntawm Stonehenge, luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej cuab tam Askiv.

Ua ntej koj yog daim ntawv qhia los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, uas qhia txog ib puag ncig ntawm Stonehenge li ntawm kwv yees li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum.

Airfields yog cim nyob rau hauv lub teeb xiav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia:

1. "Larkhill" (txoj cai, saum) thiab

2. "Stonehenge" (sab laug, hauv qab).

3. Lub voj voog Stonehenge megalithic yog ncaj qha mus rau lub tshav dav hlau.

Cov keeb kwm ntawm cov tub rog airfields yog qhov dav heev thiab tsim nyog rau ib zaj dab neeg cais. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam los ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, peb tsuas yog nco ntsoov tias Larkhill airfield yog thawj lub tshav dav hlau tub rog hauv tebchaws Askiv.

Qhov tseeb, peb tsis txaus siab rau lub tshav dav hlau ntawm lawv tus kheej, txawm hais tias qhov kev xaiv ntawm lawv qhov chaw zoo li txawv txawv, tab sis cov hangars tau tsim nyob rau thaj tsam tam sim ntawm Stonehenge thiab txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nteg rau cov hangars.

Lub vev xaib Wikitravel nyeem cov lus hauv qab no: "Stonehenge thiab thaj av uas nyob ib sab tam sim ntawd tau rov qab los rau lub tebchaws xyoo 1918. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no, nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm cov tub rog kev cob qhia, ntau lub tsev tub rog tau tsim, nrog rau cov barracks, ib lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau thiab ib lub tshav dav hlau nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb pov ntawm Stonehenge."

Ntawm lub tshav dav hlau Stonehenge, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, Handley-Page 0/400 lub dav hlau tau nyob - cov neeg tawg rog hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb. Qhov siab ntawm lub dav hlau no yog 6 meters 70 centimeters, lub wingspan yog ntau tshaj 30 meters.

Tub rog hangars tau tsim nyob ze Stonehenge, uas muaj peev xwm haum, tshwj xeeb, xws li cov dav hlau loj.

Yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi los ntawm cov hangars nyob ze Stonehenge niaj hnub no, tab sis cov duab qub, tsis pom tseeb ntawm xyoo 1929 qhia tias qhov loj ntawm cov tub rog hangar loj heev - yog tias xav tau, Stonehenge tuaj yeem haum rau hauv hangar nkaus.

Amateur historians pom qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus hangar ze Stonehenge. Lub npe hu ua "tub rog ntxaib hangars rau kev pabcuam dav dav", zoo ib yam li cov neeg sawv ntawm Stonehenge, tau khaws cia ua lub cim ntawm kev ua tub rog keeb kwm.

Tam sim no nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab kho dua rau qee yam khoom siv lossis cov khoom siv tau khaws cia hauv cov hangars nyob 500 meters los ntawm lub voj voog Stonehenge, tab sis cov chav no tuaj yeem nkaum, yog tias tsim nyog, ob qho tib si siv cov khoom siv hnyav thiab cov megaliths loj loj lawv tus kheej lossis lawv. qhov khoob. Txawm tias qhov tseeb tias cov hangars loj heev nyob ze rau ntawm Stonehenge yog ua tib zoo camouflaged.

Ob qhov tseeb ntxiv yog coj txawv txawv:

- hangars ntawm qhov chaw dawb loj ntawm lub tshav dav hlau tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaj tsam tam sim ntawm Stonehenge, raws li cov lus qhia zoo ntawm Wikitravel lub vev xaib - "ntawm lub pob zeb pov tseg."

- qhov txawv txawv qhov tseeb thib ob yog qhov muaj tub rog txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, uas coj ncaj qha mus rau cov tub rog hangars.

Stonehenge Railroad

Lub teeb ua tub rog txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hu ua Larkhil. Nws pib los ntawm txoj kab tseem ceeb ntawm London-Salisbury, txuas nrog tag nrho txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv tebchaws Askiv, dhau los ntawm cov tub rog lub nroog Larkhill thiab nthuav tawm mus rau ntau ceg uas coj mus rau hangars ntawm Stonehenge, chaw ua tub rog thiab chaw khaws khoom. Muaj ob peb daim ntawv qhia keeb kwm uas txoj kev pom meej meej. Txawm niaj hnub no, koj tuaj yeem taug qab qhov twg txoj kev taug kev khiav.

Lub "teeb" railway hu ua tsis yog vim nws lub peev xwm nqa tau txwv, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub Light Railways Act of 1896. Raws li txoj cai no, cov tswv av (xws li lub tuam tsev ua tub rog, ntawm thaj av uas Stonehenge sawv) muaj cai tsim kev tsheb ciav hlau ntawm cov phiaj xwm hnyav uas tsis xav tau kev pom zoo raws li txoj cai. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub tswv yim uncontrolled kev tsim kho ntawm railways raws li cov txheej txheem kev cai nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm tus tswv tau tso cai.

Muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv tau muab tso ua ke hauv 2001 los ntawm lub tuam txhab archaeological Wessex Archaeology ua ib feem ntawm kev tshawb fawb archaeological ntawm thaj tsam ib ncig ntawm Stonehenge nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev npaj tsim ntawm ob-kilometer qhov sab qab teb ntawm megaliths.

Cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no, nplooj 12, muab ib daim ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm thaj chaw ze Stonehenge, cim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb nrog tsab ntawv "Q".

Daim ntawv qhia qhia meej tias txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau mus ntawm sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm daim ntawv qhia thiab hla ntawm ob lub roob me. Nco ntsoov ob lub mounds no txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev sib txuas rau thaj av ntawm kev yees duab huab cua me ntsis tom qab.

Nyob rau nplooj ntawv tom ntej ntawm tib daim ntawv, muaj ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm thaj chaw nyob sib ze, cim nrog tsab ntawv "S", uas suav nrog lub voj voog ntawm Stonehenge megaliths. Yog tias koj muab ob daim duab qhia, tom qab ntawd, siv daim phiaj loj loj, nws yooj yim los txiav txim siab tias txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau xaus li ntawm 500 meters los ntawm Stonehenge, qhov chaw tub rog hangars nyob.

Yog li, rau lo lus nug "Yuav ua li cas koj tswj kom xa cov blocks hnyav kaum tawm tons ntawm quarries?" tuaj yeem teb tau zoo li no:

Txhawm rau xa cov pob zeb, thaj chaw loj, muaj neeg coob coob tau yuav los ua tub rog hauv 80s ntawm xyoo pua 19th.

Hauv lub zos ze tshaj plaws ntawm Amesbury, muaj tsawg dua 1000 tus neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw ua tub rog, qee lub zos tau yooj yim nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm ib tug tub rog kev cob qhia. Kev ua liaj ua teb hauv thaj chaw loj ntawm thaj chaw uas Stonehenge nyob yog txwv tsis pub.

Tau dhau txoj cai "Light Railways", uas tso cai rau kev tsim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau tsis tau txais kev pom zoo, thiab tsim "Larkhill Light Tub Rog Railroad". Ntawm daim duab qhia chaw los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, txoj kev xaus nrog lub dav hlau hangars nyob 450 meters ntawm lub voj voog Stonehenge. Raws li "Wikitravel" sau - ntawm qhov deb ntawm lub pob zeb pov. Kev xa cov pob zeb yog ua los ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. platform cranes thiab ntsia kwv yees nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm ruins thaum lub sij hawm "thawj reconstruction ntawm 1901".

Lub railway platform crane tuaj yeem pom txawm tias tam sim no. Peb mais sab qaum teb ntawm Stonehenge, ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Royal Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Artillery hauv tub rog lub nroog Larkhill, sawv ntsug 18-nti howitzer ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau tshwj xeeb nrog 110-tuj lifting mechanism. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, lub tsheb thauj mus los ntawm 1886, ua nrog hydraulic lifting mechanism ntawm 110 tons, yog 33 xyoo laus dua li casitzer thiab tau siv cais los ntawm nws rau 52 xyoo - los ntawm 1886 txog 1938. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv phom nqa lub sijhawm no tsis paub meej.

Nws yog lub tshuab nqa no ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau uas tau pom zoo siv los thauj cov khoom hnyav hnyav txog li pua pua tons mus rau thaj tsam Stonehenge.

Ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau theem no tsis muaj lub tswv yim rau qhov tseeb qhov chaw ntawm lub pob zeb, yog li lawv ua raws li lub ruins ntawm "thawj reconstruction ntawm 1901".

Yog li, peb sab laug nrog ob lo lus nug tseem ceeb:

Dab tsi yog qhov megalithic complex npaj rau thiab leej twg tsim nws?

Qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws zoo li yog cov qauv raws li qhov kev tsim ntawm Stonehenge tau npaj los ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe tsawg kawg thaum xyoo pua 19th, tej zaum nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm "kev laus" lawv tsev neeg thiab keeb kwm ntawm Askiv.

Rau qhov no, cov lus dab neeg hais txog tus wizard Merlin, uas tsim Stonehenge nrog khawv koob, tau siv los ua lub hauv paus, thiab keeb kwm "artifacts" tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm cov lus dab neeg hauv daim ntawv ntawm "Stonehenge sketches" (lawv txhua tus sib txawv heev thiab lawv qhov tseeb yog. yooj yim rau refute), novels (Tess los ntawm tsev neeg d'Erberville) thiab cov duab thaum ntxov xyoo pua 19th.

Cov neeg uas tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov "artifacts" tau txais kev sib txawv siab ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe. Piv txwv li, Thomas Hardy, tus sau phau ntawv tshiab, los ntawm ib tug tsis paub tus tub ntawm ib tug stonecutter thiab ib tug tsis paub ntawv niam, los ua ib tug Knight ntawm lub Order of Merit, tsim los ntawm King of England. Tus sau ntawm cov duab ua ntej tshaj plaws, Sir Henry James, ib tug tub ceev xwm hauv nws Majesty cov tub rog, tau txais lub npe ntawm tus tswv los ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe rau kev tsim "photozincography" thev naus laus zis, ib hom xim dub thiab dawb "Photoshop xyoo pua 19th. ".

Kev tsim cov khoom qub tseem niaj hnub no. Nyob rau hauv 2006, cov xov xwm tshaj tawm hais tias qhov ntxov tshaj plaws kos duab ntawm Stonehenge tau pom - nyob rau hauv lub "Scala Mundi" phau ntawv los ntawm 1440.

Nov yog ib nqe lus los ntawm kab lus no:

Cov duab me me qhia txog trilithons - lub pob zeb loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub monument, txhua tus muaj ob kab topped nrog peb lub pob zeb, sawv hauv ib lub voj voog hauv cov duab ntawm tus nees nees.

Nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb, nws tau hais tias Merlin tsim Stonehenge ntawm 480 thiab 486. Cov ntawv Latin hais tias nws "tsis yog los ntawm kev quab yuam, tab sis los ntawm kev kos duab, coj thiab tsim ib lub nplhaib loj heev los ntawm Ireland."

Tej zaum muaj qee yam qauv ntawm qhov chaw no, thiab tej zaum nws, ntawm lwm yam, tau khi rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov solstice. Tab sis tag nrho cov "kev coj ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv qhov chaw" thiab cov dab neeg ntawm "lub computer qub" ntawm cov pob zeb no tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no.

Hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm lub voj voog "Great Tartary. Tsuas yog qhov tseeb”peb tau txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas tag nrho cov keeb kwm nyob sab Europe tau rov sau dua nyob rau xyoo pua 18th. Lub hom phiaj yog qhov yooj yim: txhawm rau tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev nco txog ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman, uas nws ncav cuag yuav luag tag nrho lub ntiaj teb: los ntawm Great Wall ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Kamchatka nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, mus rau lub hiav txwv Mediterranean nyob rau sab hnub poob, nrog rau tag nrho cov sab hnub poob ntawm North America., uas yog pom meej los ntawm cov ntawv qub qub. Nyob rau hauv rov qab, rau cov av no nws yog tsim nyog los mus nrog rau lwm "keeb kwm yav dhau los" ntawm cov teb chaws, uas yog dab tsi designers ntawm niaj hnub Stonehenge tau ua.