Cov txheej txheem:

Paub tsis meej ntawm Patomsky crater
Paub tsis meej ntawm Patomsky crater

Video: Paub tsis meej ntawm Patomsky crater

Video: Paub tsis meej ntawm Patomsky crater
Video: sib aim thawj teg zoo nyob tiag2 kua los ntau2 es hov tsi mob lis lawv hai ne 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Russia nyob rau hauv nws thaj chaw yog tsuas yog replete nrog ntau yam tshwj xeeb qhov chaw thiab ntuj xav. Qee tus ntawm lawv tau suav nrog cov npe ntawm cov npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab tsis paub tsis meej nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Ib qho ntawm cov kev paub tsis meej no yog ib qho tshwj xeeb geological tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub khob hliav qab-zoo li tus crater nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Irkutsk cheeb tsam, hu ua los ntawm lub zos "Nest of the Fire Eagle".

Cov khoom no yog dab tsi, qhov paub tsis meej ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb uas tau haunted ob tus kws tshawb fawb Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws thiab cov kws tshawb fawb rau ntau tshaj 70 xyoo.

Qhov pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm thaj av Siberian sab hnub tuaj

Kev loj hlob ntawm thaj av, uas tam sim no yog ciam teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm thaj av Irkutsk, pib los ntawm Russians nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tau sau tseg tias mus txog rau xyoo 1847 thaj chaw ntawm thaj av Bodaibo tam sim no (qhov no yog qhov chaw tsis paub tseeb nyob hauv) tau muaj neeg nyob tsis zoo. Thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd nws yog cov neeg yos hav zoov hauv zos uas tuaj rau cov chaw no raws caij nyoog.

Nomads ntawm Siberia
Nomads ntawm Siberia

Ntau yam khoom ntawm thawj daim duab qhia ntawm thaj chaw no tau raug xaiv los ntawm lawv cov npe txhais los ntawm Yakut hom lus. Yog li ntawd, tsis tshua muaj leej twg ntawm cov neeg tshawb fawb tau xav tsis thoob tias ib qho ntawm cov kwj dej puv nkaus uas ntws hauv cheeb tsam no muaj lub npe uas nyob rau hauv Yakut suab zoo li "Flight of a fiery eagle". Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau saib xyuas lub npe no me ntsis tom qab 100 xyoo tom qab - tom qab kev ntoj ke mus los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Vadim Kolpakov, uas tshawb txog thaj chaw hauv xyoo 1949.

Yuav ua li cas qhov mysterious cone-shaped crater tau pom

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1949, pawg tshawb fawb, coj los ntawm V. Kolpakov, tau ua nws txoj haujlwm ib txwm ua - kos ib daim ntawv qhia geological ntawm thaj chaw uas tam sim no belongs rau thaj av ntawm Bodaibo koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cheeb tsam Irkutsk. Nyob rau ntawm txoj kab nqes ntawm ib lub toj, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom ib qho kev tsim archaeological zoo heev. Nws yog pob zeb embankment nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug ellipse. Nws yog, raws li nws tau, elongated ntawm qhov deb ntawm 180 mus rau 220 meters raws txoj kab nqes ntawm lub roob.

Qhov ntev thiab cov qauv ntawm Patom crater
Qhov ntev thiab cov qauv ntawm Patom crater

Qhov siab ntawm lub puab tsaig bulk embankment, txoj kab uas hla yog 76 meters, ranges ntawm 4 mus rau yuav luag 40 meters. Nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib ntawm crushed limestone muaj 12-meter siab pob zeb swb ua los ntawm tib yam khoom. Raws li kev kwv yees kwv yees ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm kev mus ncig tom ntej, tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm limestone pob zeb uas tsim muaj txog li 1 lab tons.

Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb ntawm Patomsky crater yog kwv yees li ib lab tons
Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb ntawm Patomsky crater yog kwv yees li ib lab tons

Lub ntoj ke mus kawm ntawm Vadim Kolpakov, uas yog thawj zaug mus nrhiav tau thiab piav qhia txog lub amazing geological tsim, muab nws lub npe tom qab lub Vitimo-Patom Upland. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas lub Patomsky crater tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia, uas nyob rau hauv lub scientific voj voog tau txais lwm lub npe nrov - "Kolpakov lub khob hliav qab".

Meteorite tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog nws?

Txawm hais tias nws lub npe kev faib tawm - ib lub qhov tsua, "Kolpakov's cone" tsis zoo li ib txwm muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm meteorites lossis asteroids uas pom nyob rau txhua lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv nws cov duab thiab cov qauv, lub Patomsky crater zoo li ib co craters ntawm lub hli thiab Mars. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv lub hauv paus chiv keeb muaj qhov tsis meej rau niaj hnub astronomers thiab geologists. Lub ntsiab lus yog tias thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg "ib txwm" ntawm lub hnub qub lossis meteorite (yog tias nws tsis tawg saum npoo av, tab sis sib tsoo nrog nws), cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam crater tau txais - funnel ntawm yuav luag ib puag ncig lossis me ntsis elliptical duab.

Kev cuam tshuam craters ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab lub hli zoo sib xws
Kev cuam tshuam craters ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab lub hli zoo sib xws

Kev cuam tshuam meteorite craters tsis muaj "cov ntsiab lus sab hauv", xws li lub nplhaib yob lossis toj roob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub funnel. Ntxiv rau txhua yam, cov kws tshawb fawb uas tau kawm cov qauv ntawm cov pob zeb crushed limestone uas ua rau "Kolpakov cone" nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj cov pob zeb melting nyob rau hauv lub siab kub. Qhov no yog raws nraim li tau pom nyob rau hauv txhua qhov cuam tshuam craters ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Yog li Patomsky crater tsis yog crater kiag li? Tom qab ntawd yam khoom no yog dab tsi: thaum twg, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws tshwm sim li cas hauv Siberian taiga?

Theories ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub "Kolpakov cone"

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb, muaj ob peb txoj kev xav ntawm cov tsos ntawm "Kolpakov cone" ntawm Vitim-Patom Upland. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias Patomsky crater yog ib qho tsim los ntawm tib neeg. Nyob rau hauv kev nyiam ntawm lawv txoj kev xav, lawv taw tes rau qee qhov zoo sib xws ntawm nws thiab cov pob zeb pov tseg ib txwm muaj - roob ntawm cov khib nyiab lossis cov pob zeb cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov twg yuav luag ib lab tons ntawm cov limestone crushed los ntawm taiga, yog tias tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm nyob ze. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov kws tshawb fawb xav txog qhov kev xav no yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav.

Crushed limestone cone nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Patomsky crater
Crushed limestone cone nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Patomsky crater

Cov neeg yos hav zoov Yakut tau paub thaj chaw no txij thaum ub los nyob rau hauv lub npe "Lub Zes ntawm Fiery Eagle". Los ntawm cov lus dab neeg, ib tus tuaj yeem nkag siab tias ib zaug ib qho "ntoo noog" ya mus rau qhov chaw saum ntuj ceeb tsheej. Uas tshuav xws li ib tug cim tom qab nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov kws tshawb fawb yog inclined mus rau extraterrestrial keeb kwm ntawm lub "Kolpakov cone". Txawm hais tias tsis yog txhua tus kws tshawb fawb pom zoo tias Patomsky crater yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub meteorite lossis asteroid ntog rau hauv av.

Cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm "meteorite txoj kev xav" (los ntawm txoj kev, Kolpakov nws tus kheej yog thawj zaug muab tso rau nws) ntseeg hais tias xws li ib tug crater yuav tau tsim tom qab ib tug underground tawg tawg ntawm ib tug ntog meteorite. Ntawd yog, lub cev xilethi-aus ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm (uas tau tua los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm lub pob zeb cosmic hauv ntiaj teb huab cua) tsoo rau hauv lub ntiaj teb saum npoo. Lub pob zeb zoo nkauj tso cai rau lub meteorite yooj yim nkag mus rau nws rau ntau kaum meters.

Patomsky crater
Patomsky crater

Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd, lub pob zeb liab-kub, tau mus txog rau hauv av reservoir nrog ntuj lossis shale gas (uas, raws li cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm txoj kev xav, nyob hauv qhov chaw no), tawg. Yog li qhov kev tawg no tau dhau los ua tus neeg ua txhaum rau kev tsim lub pob zeb txawv txawv hauv lub qhov crater, ntuav tons ntawm pob zeb sib sib zog nqus mus rau saum npoo.

Cov adherents ntawm txoj kev xav no txawm taw qhia tias lub Patomsky crater tuaj yeem raug tso tseg los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb nto moo Tunguska meteorite. Tom qab tag nrho, lub khob hliav qab tau tsim tsis ntev los no - nws thaj chaw tseem tsis tau nqos los ntawm Siberian taiga. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov tseeb qhia tias tus neeg ua txhaum rau kev tsim ntawm "Kolpakov cone" tuaj yeem yog cosmic, tab sis deb ntawm cov khoom ntuj.

Qhov tseeb scientific txoj kev xav

Tsis ntev los no expeditions mus rau Patomsky crater ua tsis tau tejyam qhia tag nrho cov zais cia ntawm nws keeb kwm. Tab sis raws li ib tug ntawm lawv, ib tug tshiab txoj kev xav txog lub volcanic xwm ntawm lub "Kolpakov cone" tau yug los. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, lub crater tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem geophysical nyob rau hauv qhov tob ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Qee cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg hais tias lub roob hluav taws puv puv tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Patomsky crater hauv ob peb xyoos.

"Lub Zes ntawm Hluav Taws Eagle" - Patomsky Crater
"Lub Zes ntawm Hluav Taws Eagle" - Patomsky Crater

Kuj tseem muaj qhov kev xav tias "Kolpakov cone" yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov seem ntawm cov loj heev Siberian volcanic caldera, qhov tawg uas nyob rau hauv Permian lub sij hawm ua rau cov tsiaj loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, qhov zais cia ntawm Patomsky crater tseem tsis tau tshwm sim. Thiab peb tsuas tuaj yeem twv seb hom "fiery eagle" qhov chaw no yog nyob rau ntawm txoj kab nqes ntawm ib lub toj ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov kawg ntawm Siberian taiga thaum ub.

Pom zoo: