Cov ntawv qub Lavxias teb sab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, thaum ntxov xyoo pua 18th

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov qub Lavxias teb sab maps. Cov ncej yuav luv. Tsuas yog vim lawv, feem ntau, yog, qhov tseeb, tsuas yog tsis muaj. Kuv tau pom ntau txhiab, yog tias tsis yog kaum txhiab, ntawm daim ntawv qhia txawv teb chaws los ntawm lub sijhawm no. Tus neeg txawv yog qhov xwm txheej nrog peb daim npav.

Thawj Lavxias teb sab atlas uas yog nyob rau hauv pej xeem sau yog Kirilov's Atlas, tsim nyob rau hauv 1724 thiab 1737. (Download link) Lub atlas tsis tiav, hmoov tsis, tsis muaj daim duab qhia chaw ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam thiab cheeb tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Tab sis qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb pib ntawm Lavxias teb sab cartography, raws li coj txawv txawv raws li nws suab.

Muaj tiag tiag lub npe hu ua Drawing Book of Siberia (1699-1701), Remezov. (Download link) as well as "Chorographic Book of Siberia" (1697-1711). Ntawm no tsuas yog lawv kev sib tham thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb, Kuv tus kheej tsa ntau cov lus nug. Piv txwv li, kuv muab ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm Perm lub Great los ntawm Phau Ntawv Drawing. Tag nrho cov duab yog clickable mus txog qhov loj me.

Cov no yog daim npav uas cov menyuam kawm qib 1 kos. Sab qaum teb nyob ntawm no ntawm sab xis (tab sis qhov no yog qhov zoo heev). Nyob rau hauv dav dav, nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, Remezov kom meej meej tsis thab nrog lub orientation ntawm nws "daim ntawv qhia" rau lub cardinal cov ntsiab lus. Los ntawm daim ntawv qhia mus rau daim ntawv qhia, lawv dhia mus tas li ntawm ob sab ntawm daim ntawv, xws li cov ntsiab lus raws li nplai, kev faib ua feem tsis tuaj ntawm lo lus txhua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau sab hnub poob, cov duab qhia chaw twb tau tsim uas yuav luag ze rau qhov tseeb ntawm cov niaj hnub no.

Ib tus neeg siv palexy tau hais rau kuv ib qho excerpt:

Kuv muaj ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm D. G. Messeshmidt ntawm 1721 (ib ntu ntawm Ob tributaries ntawm Tom thiab Ini) uas yuav luag tag nrho daim ntawv qhia Remezova … Hnub ntawm Messerschmidt txoj kev ntoj ke mus kawm yog indisputable txij li thaum cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv nws twb piled, tab sis ntawm no yog ib tug excerpt los ntawm lub chaw muag mis nyuj muab los ntawm Nevlyanskaya: "Tus tauj ncov loj Tabbert mus hnub no nrog lub cornet Iorist mus rau ib tug artist npe hu ua Remezov, qhov uas nws pom ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm Tomsk. koog tsev kawm ntawv pleev xim rau cov roj pleev xim; nws skimmed los ntawm nws, tab sis pom tsis muaj dab tsi nyob rau hauv nws uas yuav portrayed kom raug". (Novlyanskaya M. G. Philip Johann Stralenberg. M.; L., 1966. S. 36.).

Zoo, thaum kawg, ntawm daim ntawv qhia no tsis muaj lub nroog kuv pom, Velikaya Perm thiab Vyatka. Ntau pua daim npav txawv teb chaws muaj lawv, tab sis Remezov tsis ua. Peter the Great suav nrog ob lub nroog no hauv lub xeev Siberian uas tau tsim tshiab hauv xyoo 1708. Lawv tau hais nyob rau hauv Cov Lus Qhia thiab cov kab lus Senate ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees, kuv yuav tsum hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia no uas kuv pom tus dej Molozhek, uas qub Perm sawv.

Muaj xws li ib tug kos duab ntawm Siberian av, kos nyob rau hauv 1667 nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm lub Tobolsk tswv xeev, stolnik Pyotr Ivanovich Godunov. Los ntawm cov kev pab cuam daim duab phau ntawv ntawm S. U. Remezov (Manuscript Department ntawm lub xeev Public Library muaj npe tom qab M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, Hermitage Collection, No. 237, daim ntawv 31, kis).

Sab qaum teb nyob ntawm no. Tau kawg, lawv tau zoo siab txog Remezov phau ntawv kos duab. Raws li kuv twb tau sau lawm, tsis muaj kev taw qhia rau cov ntsiab lus cardinal txhua.

Thiab ib tug ntxiv version ntawm tib daim card:

Muaj ib qho ntxiv (Kuv xav sau ib qho zoo meej, tab sis qhov no tsis yog li ntawd) cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm daim ntawv qhia no hauv net. Nws kuj yog los ntawm Remezov. Yog tias koj saib los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov ntsuas thiab qhov sib npaug, ces yog, Remezov pom zoo. Tab sis qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus cardinal qhia lwm yam.

Thaum tab tom nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub nroog Perm lub Great, kuv tuaj hla ib feem me me ntawm daim ntawv qhia los ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov ntawm Ural State University, uas tau raug xaiv los ua - Daim Ntawv Qhia ntawm Perm the Great. XVI xyoo pua Kev tsim tawm.

Ntxiv dua thiab, North yog nqes ntawm no. Thiab lub nroog ntawm Perm yog. Nws nyob ntawd, nyob rau hauv lo lus "Cheremis." Hmoov tsis zoo, peb tsis tuaj yeem tau txais daim ntawv qhia tag nrho. Thiab los ntawm qhov chaw lawv khawb nws nyob ntawd thiab nrhiav tsis tau.

Kuv pom ob peb daim npav zoo sib xws hauv lub network, tab sis lawv muaj huab heev thiab tseem ceeb heev. Yog li ntawd, kuv tsis txawm thab los cawm lawv.

Tam sim no los ntawm kev lom zem.

Ntawm no nws yog tag nrho loj:

Koj puas xav tias qhov txawv? Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej thiab Lub Ntiaj Teb nrog Remezov cov duab kos. Txawm tias qhov sib piv yog qhov tseeb. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim ntawv qhia tsis yog siab heev thiab ntau cov ntawv me me tsis pom txhua. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem kawm tau qee yam.

Belgorod Horde nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm niaj hnub Odessa cheeb tsam ntawm Ukraine:

Me ntsis Tartaria (tseem yog dab tsi Tartaria) nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Dub steppes.

Thiab rau sab xis ntawm nws, sib cais los ntawm ciam teb, yog thaj chaw hu ua Yurts ntawm Don Cossacks. Ntxiv mus, nws stretches txoj cai mus txog rau Volga, feem ntau yuav.

Los ntawm txoj kev, kuv yuav muab ib feem ntawm ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm 1614 los ntawm kuv tus ncej: Lub nroog ntawm Great Perm, Vyatka, Ryazan thiab Troy ntawm daim ntawv qhia xyoo 1614.

Cov. ib puas xyoo dhau los, ob thaj chaw no yog ib lub xeev. Thiab nws yog los ntawm nws "Tatar yoke" uas Tsar Ivan lub txaus ntshai tau tshem ntawm.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub Cossacks siv los hu ua Tatars. Kuv muaj ib qho me me ntawm qhov no. Nyob ntawd, thaum kawg, nws tau sau ncaj qha tias Me Me Lavxias teb sab Cossacks nyob hauv thaj av uas Tatar Cossacks tau siv los nyob. Los yog tej zaum lawv yog lawv cov xeeb ntxwv. Leej twg paub.

Yog tag nrho.

Thiab thaum kawg, Phau Ntawv: Ancient Lavxias teb sab Hydrography: Muaj cov lus piav qhia ntawm Moscow lub xeev ntawm cov dej ntws, cov channel, pas dej, qhov dej, thiab cov nroog thiab cov chaw nyob nrog lawv thiab nyob deb li cas. - St. Petersburg: luam tawm los ntawm Nikolai Novikov: [Hom. Acad. Sciences], ib., 1773. Tam sim no nws paub zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub npe "Cov Phau Ntawv Loj Loj. Qhov no yog tib daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, thaum ntxov xyoo pua 17th, tsuas yog sau ntawv xwb. Qhov tseeb, nws muaj peev xwm hais tias Remezov kos nws cov duab kos raws nraim ntawm cov ntawv no."

Los ntawm txoj kev, muaj ib tug nthuav zaj lus nyob rau hauv lub preface:

Qhov no yog tib yam xwm txheej nrog peb nrog maps. Lawv tsuas yog tsis nyob ntawd. Ntau precisely, tej zaum tag nrho cov tib yam. Tab sis txawm lawv raug rhuav tshem, los yog lawv pw tob tob hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Tsuas yog vim muaj keeb kwm sib txawv ntawm Russia. Nyob qhov twg, rov tshawb pom los ntawm kuv, lub nroog Great Perm, Vyatka, Rezan. Los ntawm txoj kev, lub tom kawg tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia ntawm nruab nrab-18th caug xyoo, tab sis qhov no tsis tiv thaiv cov neeg keeb kwm niaj hnub los ntawm kev tawv ncauj rov hais dua tias nws tsis muaj nyob.

Nag hmo kuv tau hais tias ntau li 10,000 daim ntawv qub qub tau khaws cia rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm RAS Library. Kuv tseem tsis tau paub meej tias lawv yog daim duab qhia chaw twg, peb lossis txawv teb chaws, thiab nyob rau ntau pua xyoo, tab sis kuv vam tias yuav muaj cov ntawv qub Lavxias teb sab 16-17 thiab thaum ntxov 18 centuries. Kuv cov phooj ywg tam sim no sim luam theej duab tag nrho cov no thiab muab tso rau hauv lub network. Vajtswv pub kom lawv ua tiav. Thiab tom qab ntawd peb yuav kawm qhov tseeb me ntsis ntxiv txog keeb kwm ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Niaj hnub no peb yuav saib ob daim ntawv qhia Lavxias teb sab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg ntawm Lavxias National Library. Txawm hais tias lo lus "cia peb saib" yog arbitrary heev ntawm no. Kuv muaj lub siab xav muab tag nrho cov thawj coj ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv no tiv thaiv phab ntsa thiab tua lawv nrog rab phom loj-caliber, lawv yog cov neeg ua haujlwm, tsis yog kws tshawb fawb.

Cia peb saib ua ntej Daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub hemispheres ntawm 1713, luam tawm nyob rau hauv Civil Printing House of V. O. Kipriyanova … Daim npav loj thiab qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim duab, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog me me. Yog li ntawd, nws yog fashionable saib tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv loj heev. Thaum nias, nws yuav qhib rau hauv kev daws teeb meem siab dua. Tab sis qee yam tuaj yeem rub tawm ntawm nws. Ua tib zoo saib rau Antarctica. Nws ploj lawm. Kuv qee qhov tshwj xeeb saib cov atlases ntawm Western cartographers. Antarctica tsis nyob ntawd mus txog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, thaum peb cov neeg tsav nkoj pom nws. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj pom daim ntawv qhia qub uas Antarctica tam sim no, ces koj yuav tsum paub tias nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Los yog tom qab ntawd.

Kuv xav kos koj cov xim rau qib siab ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias teb sab. Hauv thawj ntu, kuv hais txog Remezov's Atlas. Thiab kuv rov hais dua kuv qhov kev xav - cov no tsis yog daim duab qhia, tab sis cov menyuam yaus cov duab kos nyob rau theem pib.

Thiab ib daim ntawv qhia ntxiv los ntawm tib tus sau: Lub ntiaj teb thaj chaw, uas yog hais tias, thaj av piav qhia, qhia txog plaub qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, Africa, Asia, America, thiab Europe, nyob hauv qab no, thiab yuav ntim peb los ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Los ntawm cov lus txib nyob rau hauv lub tsev luam ntawv pej xeem ntawm tus Tswv lub caij ntuj sov: 1707. Nyob rau hauv lub reigning nroog ntawm Moscow, los ntawm lub Vain ntawm Vasily Kiprianov. Raws li kev coj ua ntawm Nws Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Mr. Lieutenant General Jacob Willimovich Bruce.

Koj tuaj yeem xav ntau lossis tsawg dua nws ntawm no ntawm qhov txuas no. Tab sis tom qab ntawd kuv xav strangle lub zos programmers nrog kuv txhais tes liab qab, ntev. Koj tsis tuaj yeem luag tag nrho daim ntawv qhia tawm ntawm qhov ntawd, yog li kuv coj ob peb screenshots los ntawm qhov ntawd. Thiab ntawm lawv peb tab tom tos rau ntau qhov kev tshawb pom nthuav dav Namely, lo lus - "Sarmat" txoj cai nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv M ntawm lo lus Moscow. Thiab saum toj no nws yog pom Dej hiav txwv Sarmatian.

Nov yog lwm qhov excerpt. Lub Scythian kuj tau ntxiv rau hauv dej hiav txwv Sarmatian. Mus rau sab xis ntawm lub npe "M. Moskovskoe". Kuv tsis to taub tias nws txhais li cas, lo lus TARTARIA yog sau ua ntawv loj. Los ntawm "r" me ntsis saum qhov pib ntawm lo lus no, cov npe Scythia pom. Tab sis saum toj no tsab ntawv "Kuv" nyob rau hauv lo lus "Siberia" tus dej "Tatar" yog pom. Ib zaug ntxiv, vim li cas Russia lossis Rus tsis sau? Tab sis lo lus "Asinsky" txhais li cas yog tsis meej.

Huag, nws tsis yog nyob rau hauv vain uas Lomonosov sau nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv:. Ib tug luv luv Lavxias teb sab chronicle nrog ib tug genealogy, St. Petersburg: Nyob rau hauv lub Imp. Acad. Sciences, ib., 1760.

Thiab thaum kawg, Kev piav qhia ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Qhov tseeb yog qhov pom tsis zoo. Gaul yog sau los ntawm Fabkis. Kuj tseem muaj qee yam ntawm Dacia. Poland sau tsis muaj lub cim muag. Thaum kawg, zoo li, nws tau sau rau Ellad. Rau cov ntaub ntawv, peb mam li hu ua niaj hnub Turkey Greece. Tab sis Russia nyob ntawm no. Thiab nws, raws li kuv nkag siab nws, nyob hauv European Moscow thiab Tartary, nrog rau cov Turks.

Muaj ib txoj kab nthuav dav heev hauv cov lus piav qhia:

Drawings: hla lub hemispheres, lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm ib tug ermine mantle txhawb los ntawm archangels nrog swords nyob rau hauv lawv txhais tes; framed los ntawm mantle cov duab ntawm Mars, Apollo, banners thiab lwm yam tub rog paraphernalia

Thiab ntawm no lawv nyob. Thiab qhov no yog deb ntawm qhov xwm txheej cais. Los ntawm cov npe ntawm Greek vajtswv, peb ces hu ua nkoj thiab txawm nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm lub nroog yog cov Greek vajtswv thaum ub. Thiab tag nrho cov no yog qhov zoo heev mus rau kuv qhov kev tshawb fawb txog cov mlom ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub, uas peb hu ua tus poj niam Golden.

Yog tias ib tug neeg tuaj yeem rub tawm tag nrho daim npav los ntawm qhov no hauv ntau dua lossis tsawg dua kev daws teeb meem zoo, kuv yuav ua tsaug ntau.

Ntxiv: Lub ntiaj teb no tsis yog tsis muaj cov neeg siab zoo thiab ua tsaug rau cov neeg hwm

prostoyoleg peb tuaj yeem pom tag nrho daim ntawv qhia nrog koj. Qhov tseeb yog nyob rau hauv tib tsis heev daws teeb meem.

Lub tsev qiv ntawv Lavxias National, St. Petersburg, maj mam digitizing nws cov nyiaj, thiab txawm muab lawv tso rau pej xeem, qhov ntawd yog qhov uas kuv pom xws li: A. Zubov. Daim ntawv qhia tshiab thiab txhim khu kev qha ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe = Europe / Gryd. Alexey Zubov. [thiab] P. Picard. - Moscow: Armory, P. Picart's Rhiav, [1720-1721, 1760-1770]. Qhov txuas tso cai rau koj saib txhua yam hauv online.

Txuas mus download tau lub atlas hauv pdf hom.

Thiab cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv cais.

Hmo ntuj dej hiav txwv txias.

Qhov txawv, yog, Adriatic Hiav Txwv lossis Sab Hnub Poob?

Thiab ntawm no yog Dej Hiav Txwv Devkalisky, feem ntau, ua ntej lub hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv raug hu, raws li nws zoo nkaus li rau kuv, me ntsis txawv hom dej cheeb tsam.

Lub National Library ntawm Russia, St. Petersburg, yog maj mam digitizing nws collections thiab txawm muab lawv tawm rau sawv daws pom.

P. Picart ntawm lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Poland thiab Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania kos duab / Los ntawm txoj cai ntawm nws lub hwj chim tshaj plaws imperial majesty, Peter Picart ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Moscow; [Cartouche eng. A. Shkhonebek]. - Moscow: Armory, [1705]. Tab sis daim ntawv qhia nws tus kheej tau raug kos ntau dhau los. Kiev ntawm nws tseem yog ib feem ntawm Lithuania, thaum raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm nws tau los ua ib feem ntawm lub xeev Moscow nyob rau hauv 1667. Tsis tas li ntawd, kuv muaj lub siab xav tias nyob rau hauv Moscow nws tsuas yog engraved thiab tsim nyob rau hauv tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Lithuania, nyob rau hauv lub 1667. nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th.

Opens ntawm nias nyob rau hauv siab daws teeb meem.

Muaj ntau ntau lub npe tsis paub, Crimea tau sau ntawm no ua Tartaria, raws li nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia Lavxias ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th los ntawm kuv lub ntsiab lus. Thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th Tartaria pib hu ua Tartary. Ceev faj rau Crimea, Tsuas yog Kafa thiab Perekop, tsis yog ib lub npe paub, lub hiav txwv hloov mus rau yav tas los hu ua Eastern Lake.

Daim ntawv ceeb toom yuav ua li cas Koenigsberg hu rau hauv daim ntawv qhia no, Kuv tau mus rau Wiki thiab pom cov ntawv zoo nyob ntawd:

Nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Korolevts (Korolevs) los yog Korolevits, lub tsev fuabtais thiab cheeb tsam nyob ib ncig ntawm nws tau hais nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, pib los ntawm lub XIII caug xyoo, nyob rau hauv ntau yam Lavxias teb sab chaw: keeb kwm, phau ntawv, atlases [7] [5]. Nyob rau hauv Russia, lub npe no tau dav siv ua ntej Peter I thiab, qee zaus, nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm tom qab [8], mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XX [9], nrog rau cov ntawv tseeb, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntawv ntawm M. Saltykov- Shchedrin [10] [kaum ib]. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab Peter I thiab ua ntej hloov npe xyoo 1946, cov neeg Lavxias siv German version ntau dua.

Heh, nws tsis yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig uas kuv tau sib cav hauv kuv qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tias Prussia yog thaj av Slavic, lub tebchaws ntawm Romanovs thiab Rurik nrog Varangians thiab cov Germans uas cov Slavs nyob ntawd.

Feem ntau, yog tias koj kawm thiab sib piv daim ntawv qhia nrog cov keeb kwm yav dhau los, ces yuav muaj ntau tshaj li kaum nplooj ntawm cov npe ntawm cov ntawv tsis sib txuas. Zoo, qhov no yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb rau peb cov keeb kwm.

Muaj ib lub nroog zoo li Byzantium, ntawm no yog nws txoj kev npaj

Lub hom phiaj ntawm Constantinople los yog Tsar City zoo li yav tas los nrov Byzantium, anciently Vigos tau kov yeej los ntawm Muhammad lub thib ob ntawm tus Tswv lub caij ntuj sov 1453 nyob rau hauv lub hli ntawm May nyob rau hauv 29th hnub] / [Kaw los ntawm Prince Dimitri Cantemir]; Grydor. Alexy Zubov hauv San [kt] P [eter] burg. - St. Petersburg: [Petersburg Printing House], [1720].

Koj muaj peev xwm download tau nws loj loj los ntawm no.

Qhov no me me ntxiv rau kuv qhov kev tshawb fawb txog qhov ploj ntawm lub nroog Rezan.

Kuv tau nres los ntawm Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Fabkis hnub dhau los; Kuv muaj tus cwj pwm zoo li no khiav ncig cov tsev qiv ntawv. Thiab muaj tag nrho seem nplooj siab rau Lavxias teb sab maps. Cov Fabkis tsis yog tub nkeeg dhau lawm thiab txheeb lawv tag nrho, Txawm tias cov phiaj xwm ntawm Konigsberg yog. Zoo, thiab Ukraine, tau kawg. peb cov cartographers muaj tseeb in English. Zoo, uas yog lawm. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog tias mus txog rau tam sim no, ib qho ntawm cov duab qhia chaw ntxov tshaj plaws, tau suav tias yog daim duab qhia chaw ntawm Kirilov, 1722-1731. Lawv nyob ntawd, los ntawm txoj kev, ib yam nkaus thiab. muaj. Thiab ntawm no yog cov khoom siv kos duab tshiab uas tseem tsis tau pom los ntawm leej twg. Thiab nyob ntawd kuv pom lub nroog Staraya Rezan.

Sab qaum teb nyob ntawm no ntawm sab laug, uas yog, los ntawm txoj kev, ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia, raws li kuv nkag siab nws, ntawm daim duab qhia chaw ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Twb tau nyob rau 18 xyoo nws tau dhau los ua txoj cai rau kev taw qhia ntawm cov chaw tshwj xeeb rau sab qaum teb. Thiab ua ntej ntawd, cartographers kos lawv, raws li nws yog yooj yim dua rau leej twg. Nyob rau sab qaum teb "taug kev" hauv lub voj voog tsuas yog chaotically. Koj yuav rhuav koj lub hlwb kom txog thaum koj nkag siab dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas kos rau ntawm ib daim ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, Lavxias teb sab maps ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, rau feem ntau, yog taw qhia rau sab qab teb. Zoo li daim ntawv qhia ntawm Siberia thiab Far East los ntawm tib Remezov. Yam tsawg kawg nws tau txais daim npav no.

Raws li rau Tebchaws Europe, kuv yuav muab piv txwv los ntawm kuv cov ntawv qub - Lub Nroog Fabkis xyoo 1638. Nyob ntawd, sab qaum teb kuj tsis zoo li qub. Tab sis twb nyob rau Paris txoj kev npaj ntawm 1720, txhua yam tau kho thiab coj cov txheej txheem niaj hnub.

Kuv muaj qhov xav tsis thoob tias txhua daim duab qhia chaw uas peb paub tam sim no tau ua tsis tau ntxov tshaj li qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Muaj tseeb, raws li cov qub qub, uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tsuas yog ploj mus thiab tsis zoo. tsuas yog forged nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th. 19th centuries. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov tseeb proportions thiab contours ntawm struts, thaum koj saib ntawm Lavxias teb sab maps, xyuam xim rau ob yam. Caspian yuav tsum yog puag ncig thiab tsis elongated. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, lub Kerch cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau, raws li nws twb, txiav tawm thiab tsis stretched mus rau sab laug, raws li nws yog tam sim no.

Zoo, rov qab mus rau lub nroog ntawm Rezan.

Daim ntawv qhia; Partie du cours de l'Occa 1724-1729.

Raws li kuv sau saum toj no, sab qaum teb yog sab laug.

Yog li ntawd, peb pom lub nroog Kolomna thiab Kashira, ntxiv mus raws tus dej Oka, lub nroog Pereslavl-R. kuv yogZanskaya. Thiab tom qab nws yog Laus R ecoj Thov nco ntsoov tias lub npe qub muaj tsab ntawv "e". Qhov chaw ua ntej pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, peb yuav luag tsis muaj tsab ntawv "Kuv". Yog li ntawd, muaj, ntawm lwm yam, Eroslavl.

Lub nroog Staraya Rezanj muaj keeb kwm nyuaj. Thaum xub thawj nws raug rhuav tshem thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th los ntawm cov Tatars, ces nws tshwm sim, nrog rau cov tshiab Rezany, raws li ib tug me me zos, tab sis twb nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th nws nthuav mus rau ib lub nroog. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no nws muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th thiab tom qab ntawd ploj mus. Cov tub ceev xwm tshaj tawm tias nws raug rhuav tshem los ntawm Batu nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws tseem muaj raws li ib tug archaeological monument. Tab sis nyob ntawd koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov tuam tsev ntawm xyoo pua 18th.

Thiab nyob rau hauv 1781, Catherine II renamed Pereslavl-Ryazan mus rau hauv yooj yim Ryazan, uas tseem muaj niaj hnub no. Ua tsaug rau nws rau qhov ntawd. Txwv tsis pub, lub npe tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm yuav luag tsis muaj kab, zoo li lub nroog Bulgar thiab Bulgaria. Thiab tom qab ntawd Batu, nws zoo li Shurik, koj tuaj yeem liam txhua yam rau nws.