Sab hnub poob tsis xav lees tias Roman kev vam meej tau tsim los ntawm Slavs

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Nug ib tus kws sau keeb kwm Western ib lo lus nug txog keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg European, thiab koj yuav hnov tias keeb kwm ntawm Germans, Italians thiab Fabkis rov qab ntau txhiab xyoo. Cov Slavs tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo pua 6 AD. thiab tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg European - tsuas yog cov menyuam yaus, nag hmo nkag tawm ntawm lawv cov pawm.

Lub caij no, cov Slavs thaum ntxov li 1 xyoo txhiab BC. e. tau mus koom lub Apennine Peninsula thiab tsim kom muaj kab lis kev cai siab nyob ntawd, uas tag nrho Roman kev vam meej tau loj hlob.

Cov thawj ntawm cov neeg Loos

Nws ntseeg tau tias cov Greeks thiab Loos tau tsim lub hauv paus rau Western European kev vam meej. Tab sis Roman kab lis kev cai tsis tshwm sim ntawm xiav. Nyob rau hauv tej phau ntawv koj yuav nyeem hais tias nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Etruscans - ib tug neeg uas nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm niaj hnub Tuscany.

Engineering, gladiator fights, chariot races, theaters, martial arts, tsoom fwv xeev, kev npaj hauv nroog - sau txhua yam uas cov neeg Loos qiv los ntawm Etruscans yuav siv sij hawm ntev. Cov Etruscans (cov neeg zej zog hu ua Tyrrhenians) yog cov neeg tsav nkoj zoo thiab cov hiav txwv raws ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub poob ntawm Ltalis tseem hu ua Tyrrhenian - Etruscans yog nws tus tswv kav.

Txawm Rome nws tus kheej tau tsim los ntawm Etruscans. Lub npe nrov Capitoline nws-hma yog tsim los ntawm Etruscan craftsmen thiab tsuas yog ob peb centuries tom qab figurines ntawm cov me nyuam mos Romulus thiab Remus tau txuas rau nws. Lub aqueduct (cesspool ntawm maxima), ua los ntawm Etruscans ob txhiab xyoo dhau los, tseem yog ib feem ntawm cov kav dej hauv Rome. Cov neeg Loos qiv cov cim ntawm huab tais lub hwj chim los ntawm Etruscans: lub zwm txwv thiab fasci (bundles ntawm rods nrog ob lub kaus mom hauv nruab nrab).

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas tau ua ntau yam rau kev tsim ntawm Roman kev vam meej yog hu los ntawm Italian historians "cov neeg tsis meej pem tshaj plaws" uas yuav luag tsis paub: tsis yog qhov twg los, los sis qhov twg nws ploj mus tom qab.

Los ntawm no qhov twg

Dab tsi Italian historians paub tseeb tias yog Etruscans tsis yog los ntawm Ltalis. Anatolia (Turkey), Rezia (Alps), Lydia (Asia Minor), nyob deb Scythia - nyob qhov twg cov Etruscologists tsav cov neeg thaum ub. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua qhov kev xav ua tsis tiav: cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau tias Etruscans tsis yog cov txheeb ze ntawm ib pawg neeg uas lawv paub. Nws yuav zoo li tias Etruscans lawv tus kheej yuav tsum tau muab cov lus teb rau txhua lo lus nug, vim tias ntau dua 10,000 tus qauv ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm cov neeg no tau los rau peb.

Tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tsuas yog shrug lawv lub xub pwg nyom: lawv nyeem cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Sumerians, deciphered Egyptian hieroglyphs, tab sis cov ntawv Etruscan tau dhau los ua cov txiv ntoo tawv kom tawg uas lawv nkag mus rau cov lus dab neeg Italian: ntsib teeb meem uas nws daws tsis tau, Cov neeg Italians hauv nws lub siab hais tias: "etruscum tsis legitur!" (Etruscan tsis nyeem tau!). Nyeem, thiab ua li cas!

Champi, Volansky, Chertkov thiab lwm yam

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, Italian Ciampi, Pole Volansky thiab Lavxias teb sab Chertkov nyeem cov ntawv tsis meej pem ntawm ib leeg. Sebastian Ciampi mob siab rau ntau xyoo rau kev kawm txog Etruscan kab lis kev cai. Nws sim txiav txim siab lawv cov ntawv thiab, tab sis alas! Tsis muaj ib yam lus thaum ub uas nws paub tau tsim nyog ua tus yuam sij.

Xyoo 1817, cov neeg Italian tau tsiv mus rau Warsaw, qhov chaw uas nws tau ua haujlwm ntawm Greek thiab Roman cov ntaub ntawv. Rau kev kawm dav dav kuv pib kawm cov lus Polish thiab xav tsis thoob thaum pom tias cov ntawv Etruscan "hais lus"! Kev sau tsis pub leejtwg paub tau dhau los ua raws li cov lus qub Slavonic. Nws tau qhia nws qhov kev tshawb pom nrog cov npoj yaig hauv xyoo 1824, tab sis lub tswv yim hais tias Roman kab lis kev cai nyob ntawm lub hauv paus Slavic tau thuam tias tus kws tshawb fawb tsuas yog thuam.

Nyob rau hauv 1846, Polish historian thiab archaeologist Tadeusz Wolanski luam tawm nws ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Slavic keeb kwm ntawm lub Etruscans. Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv "Monuments ntawm Slavic Sau Ua ntej yug ntawm Tswv Yexus," nws tau mus ntxiv thiab tshaj tawm hais tias cov Slavs tau sau ntau yam lus ua ntej lub Phoenicians, cov neeg Yudais, Greeks thiab Egyptians. Txhawm rau ua pov thawj nws txoj kev xav, nws nthuav tawm Slavic cov ntawv sau uas nws pom hauv Persia, Is Nrias teb, Ltalis thiab Egypt.

Cov txiv plig Catholic tsis tuaj yeem ua siab ntev rau qhov no, pab txhawb txoj haujlwm rau "Index of Forbidden Books" thiab raug txim Volansky raug hlawv ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg los ntawm nws cov phau ntawv. Hmoov zoo, Poland yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, thiab xws li ib tug radical kauj ruam yuav tsum tau kev tso cai ntawm tus huab tais. Nicholas kuv tsis tau tso cai (lawv puas tau vwm lawm? XIX caug xyoo sab nraum), tab sis hais kom cov phau ntawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm dawb ncig thiaj li tsis mus lwj kev sib raug zoo nrog lub Vatican.

Nyob rau hauv 1855, Lavxias teb sab kws tshawb fawb, archaeologist thiab numismatist Dmitry Chertkov kuj hais tawm nyob rau hauv txaus siab ntawm lub hypothesis ntawm lub Slavic keeb kwm ntawm lub Etruscans. Western kws tshawb fawb unleashed ib tug flurry ntawm kev thuam rau nws, tab sis Chertkov yog nplua nuj, noble, ywj siab thiab spat los ntawm ib tug siab tswb pej thuam ntawm tag nrho cov neeg thuam.

Nyob rau hauv 2001, phau ntawv "Lub Sacred Old Lavxias teb sab ntawv nyeem los ntawm Pyrga" los ntawm Lavxias teb sab lexicologist V. Osipov tau luam tawm. Raws li lub qub Slavonic "Forest Book", tus kws tshawb fawb deciphered ntau Etruscan inscriptions, nyeem ntau pua lo lus Etruscan.

Nws xa nws txoj hauj lwm mus rau etruscologists nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg teb nws. Cov luminaries ntawm Western science stubbornly xav Etruscan lus yuav ploj mus, tsis muaj cov txheeb ze. Lub ntiaj teb sab hnub poob yuav tsis lees paub tias lub hauv paus ntawm Roman (thiab yog li ntawd tag nrho cov European) kab lis kev cai tau tso los ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm cov teb chaws nyob deb, uas tam sim no lub xeev loj ntawm Russia tau nthuav tawm.