Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tsis yog "Russia nrog ib tug plow"

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Raws li koj paub, Dzhugashvili (Stalin) nyob rau hauv 1924 tau txais Russia los ntawm Ulyanov (Lenin) "tsuas yog nrog ib tug plav", tab sis lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman yog strikingly txawv los ntawm cov Bolsheviks ua rau nws nyob rau hauv 7 xyoo.

foob pob hluav taws thiab dav hlau cav, txoj kev xav ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg, xam lub trajectory ntawm lub davhlau mus rau lub hli, lub tswv yim bombers, seaplanes, civil aircraft, super-heavy tanks, hluav taws xob submarines, polar icebreakers, tankers, destroyers thiab cruisers, hluav taws xob trams, tracked roj av tsheb laij teb, hluav taws xob ignition thiab dej-txias yim-lub tog raj kheej cav, telegraph thiab xov tooj, lub koob yees duab rau marine photography, photocells, xov tooj cua tswj mechanisms, hluav taws xob arc vuam, parachute, roj daim npog qhov ncauj, yeeb yam yees duab, xim photography, TV, induction rauv, geophysical hluav taws xob prospecting, aerodynamics, immunology, virology, oncology, hluavtaws roj hmab thiab hluavtaws detergents, chemosynthesis, thermal tawg, snowmobiles, gyrocar … - tag nrho cov no yog invented nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman nyob rau hauv lub Emperor Nicholas II, uas muab ib tug haib impetus rau domestic. science thiab invention, nrog rau qhov siab tshaj patronage Om thiab pub dawb los ntawm tus kheej cov nyiaj.

Cov hauv qab no tsuas yog cov kev tsim kho tseem ceeb thiab kev tshawb pom uas tau ua hauv xyoo 1868-1916. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los muaj ntau yam tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws inventions: lub ntiaj teb thawj icebreaker tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1864 los ntawm shipbuilder Mikhail Osipovich Britnev, thiab nyob rau hauv 1867 Nikolai Afanasyevich Teleshov ua tiav ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thawj lub dav hlau project … Sab hnub poob kawm los ntawm Russia, Piv txwv li, chevron zog tsis yog lub invention ntawm Andre Citroen - nws tau xav rau lawv, tau ntsib xws li ib tug kis tau tus mob ntawm ib tug ua tshuab ntawm ib tug ntawm cov factories ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws.

Yog li, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim raws sijhawm (1868-1916):

xyoo 1868. striping header. Andrei Romanovich Vlasenko nyob rau hauv 1868 tau tsim ib tug thawj nees-tswj ua ke, combining ib tug mower, thauj thiab ib tug thresher.

xyoo 1869. Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. Tus inventor yog Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev.

Xyoo 1871 Autonomous diving suit project. Tus tsim yog Alexander Nikolaevich Lodygin.

xyoo 1872. Hluav taws xob teeb. Tus inventor yog Alexander Nikolaevich Lodygin. Nyob rau hauv 1872 nws tau thov rau ib tug patent rau ib tug incandescent teeb nyob rau hauv Russia. Nws kuj tau patented no invention nyob rau hauv Austria, Britain, Fabkis thiab Belgium. Raws li ib txoj hlua, Lodygin siv cov pa roj carbon nyias nyias tso rau hauv lub nkoj khiav tawm. Lub sijhawm hlawv ntawm tus pas nrig yog 30-40 feeb, ces nws yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog li ntawd, Alexander Nikolaevich tau thov kom tso tawm cua los ntawm lub teeb (lub sij hawm kub kub nce mus rau 1000 teev) thiab es tsis txhob ntawm cov thee siv ib tug refractory hlau - tungsten (raws li nyob rau hauv niaj hnub teeb).

xyoo 1872. Monorail nrog chav-powered carriages. Lub ntiaj teb thawj chav monorail yog tsim los ntawm engineer Alexander Lyarsky.

xyoo 1873. Odner ntxiv tshuab. Tus inventor yog Wilgodt Theophilus Odner.

xyoo 1873. Armored cruiser. Lub taub hau ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub ntiaj teb thawj lub hiav txwv-mus armored cruiser General-Admiral yog Andrey Alexandrovich Popov.

xyoo 1874. Umov's vector. Nikolai Alekseevich Umov qhia cov khoom nram qab no ntawm lub zog: ceev thiab kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog, ceev ntawm ib tug muab point nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, spatial localization ntawm ntws.

Xyoo 1876 Yablochkov lub tswm ciab. Tsim nyob rau hauv 1876 los ntawm Pavel Nikolaevich Yablochkov. Lub tswm ciab yog thawj lub lag luam siv tau hluav taws xob arc teeb.

Xyoo 1876 Kev sim Oncology. Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm kev sim oncology yog suav hais tias yog tus kws kho tsiaj Mstislav Aleksandrovich Novinsky, uas nyob rau xyoo 1876 tau tsim cov qog nqaij hlav malignant los ntawm cov neeg laus dev mus rau menyuam dev.

Xyoo 1876 Nruam ntxiv tshuab. Tus inventor yog Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev. Thaum xub thawj, tsuas yog qhov kev suav sau tau txhawb nqa (nws tsis yooj yim rau rho tawm) nrog kev hloov pauv mus tas li ntawm kaum, xyoo 1881 qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev faib thiab sib npaug ntxiv. Cov tswv yim hauv qab lub tshuab ntxiv kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov dej niaj hnub, roj av thiab hluav taws xob ntsuas.

xyoo 1877. Tus neeg tua neeg. Lub taub hau ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub ntiaj teb thawj seagoing destroyer "Explosion" - Andrey Alexandrovich Popov.

xyoo 1877. Tracked tsheb laij teb qauv. Tus inventor yog Fedor Abramovich Blinov. Lub invention yog ib tug railway carriage nrog ib tug ntoo lub cev thiab ib tug thav duab, nyob rau hauv qis ib feem ntawm uas ob bogies tau txuas rau springs, tig nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav dav hlau nrog rau lub axles ntawm plaub lub log. Cov neeg tsim qauv hu ua "txoj hlua tsis muaj qhov kawg" kaw cov hlua hlau uas muaj cov kab sib txuas. Nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm tus ncej txhawb, ib tug pivoting drawbar rau lub chav nees harness tau ntxiv dag zog.

Lub xyoo yog 1878. Shukhov lub reservoir. Tus inventor yog Vladimir G. Shukhov. Niaj hnub nimno cylindrical roj cia tso tsheb hlau luam tseem tab tom ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tsim los ntawm Shukhov.

Lub xyoo yog 1878. Chebyshev txoj kev taug kev mechanism. Pafnuti Lvovich Chebyshev thawj zaug pom nws qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm kev nthuav qhia hauv Paris xyoo 1978, ua ke nrog lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas tau tsim ua ntej.

xyoo 1879. Tanker. Tus inventor yog Ludwig Nobel.

1880s ua. Kem ntawm Vinogradsky. Vinogradsky Kem yog ib qho cuab yeej yooj yim rau kev loj hlob ntau yam kab mob. Invented nyob rau hauv 1880s. Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradsky. Nws yog ib lub iav kem uas muaj av nkos los ntawm lub pas dej diluted nrog dej. Koj tseem xav tau cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv daim ntawv xov xwm (feem ntau yog ib yam uas muaj cellulose yuav ua), toasted marshmallows los yog egghells (muaj calcium carbonate), thiab ib qho sulfur xws li gypsum (calcium sulfate) los yog qe qe. Tom qab ob lub hlis hauv lub teeb, yuav muaj cov kab mob aerobic / anaerobic gradient thiab sulfide gradient. Ob qhov gradients txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob: Clostridium, Desulfovipio, Chlorobium, Chromatium, Rhodomicrobium, thiab Beggiatoa thiab ntau lwm hom kab mob, cyanobacteria thiab algae.

1880s ua. Gasoline carburetor internal combustion engine. Ogneslav (Ignatiy) Stepanovich Kostovich tau tsim ib lub roj av carburetor yim-lub tog raj kheej cav nrog hluav taws xob ignition thiab dej txias. Thawj thawj zaug, lub txee txav ntawm pistons hauv cov thooj voos kheej kheej tau siv. Ntau tshaj 20 xyoo tom qab, ib qho kev npaj zoo sib xws ntawm lub tog raj kheej tau siv hauv dav hlau los ntawm Hugo Genrikhovich Junkers.

Xyoo 1880 Cov vitamins. Nikolai Ivanovich Lunin tau sim ua pov thawj tias ntxiv rau dej, ntsev, proteins, rog thiab carbohydrates, lwm yam khoom uas tsis tsim los ntawm lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj yog tsim nyog rau lub neej.

Xyoo 1880 Hluav taws xob tram. Tus inventor yog Fyodor Apollonovich Pirotsky.

Xyoo 1880 Telegraphy thiab xov tooj ntawm ib lub xov tooj. Tus inventor yog Grigory Grigorievich Ignatiev.

xyoo 1881. foob pob ua ntxaij project. Nikolai Ivanovich Kibalchich tsim ib lub tswv yim ntawm lub dav hlau-powered aircraft.

xyoo 1881. Arc vuam nrog carbon electrode. Thawj thawj zaug, arc vuam txoj kev tau thov los ntawm Nikolai Nikolaevich Benardos thiab tom qab ntawd patented nyob rau hauv 1887.

xyoo 1882. Mozhaisky lub dav hlau. Tus creator yog Alexander Fedorovich Mozhaisky.

xyoo 1882. Multi-pole xov tooj. Pavel Mikhailovich Golubitsky tau tsim ntau lub xov tooj, uas ua tau zoo tshaj nws cov neeg ua ntej ntawm kev sib txuas lus zoo.

Xyoo 1883 Cathedral ntawm Tswv Yexus tus Cawm Seej. Lub Cathedral ntawm Khetos tus Cawm Seej yog lub ntsiab thiab loj tshaj plaws lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, nyob rau hauv Moscow ntawm ntug dej ntawm lub Moskva River. Nws yog lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Lub tuam tsev, ua raws li qhov project ntawm Konstantin Andreevich Ton, yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab style ntawm architecture. Thawj thawj zaug hauv keeb kwm, lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau gilded siv electroplating. Lub tsev raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm Soviet era.

Xyoo 1883 Gas tuav. Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov xam qhov pom kev zoo ntawm cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam thiab tom qab ntawd tsim cov qauv tsim rau cov chaw cia roj av uas muaj peev xwm txog li 100 txhiab cubic meters. m.

Xyoo 1883 Av science. Lub xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm monograph "Lavxias teb sab Chernozem" los ntawm Vasily Vasilyevich Dokuchaev yog lub xyoo yug ntawm ib tug tshiab science - av science.

xyoo 1885. Roj nkoj. Tus inventor yog Vladimir G. Shukhov. Thawj cov roj nkoj, ua rau xyoo 1885, ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 150 m. Txawm li cas los xij, twb nyob rau xyoo 1893, lub nkoj ntev 172 m nrog lub peev xwm nqa tau ntawm 12,000 tons tau tsim.

xyoo 1885. Submarine nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Tus inventor yog Stepan Karlovich Dzhevetsky.

xyoo 1886. Aerial koob yees duab (AFA). Tus inventor yog Vyacheslav Izmailovich Sreznevsky. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws kuj tau tsim lub koob yees duab dej tsis zoo rau kev yees duab marine (1886), daim phiaj duab rau kev yees duab huab cua (1886), lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb rau kev sau cov theem ntawm hnub ci eclipse (1887). Lub ntiaj teb thawj AFA rau kev hla tebchaws thiab cheeb tsam kev yees duab los ntawm lub dav hlau tau tsim los ntawm Lavxias tub rog engineer V. F. Potte. Nws qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau tshwm sim thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1911 ntawm Gatchina tshav dav hlau.

xyoo 1886. Ntau qhov nthuav dav chav cav. Vasily Ivanovich Kalashnikov nyob rau hauv 1872 tsim ib tug chav cav nrog ob expansion ntawm chav - ib tug compound. Nyob rau hauv 1886 - thawj zaug nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nrog ib tug triple, nyob rau hauv 1890 - nrog ib tug quadruple.

Xyoo 1888 Crawler. Thawj chav tsheb laij teb ntawm lem tau tsim los ntawm Fyodor Abramovich Blinov.

Xyoo 1888 Arc vuam nrog metallized electrode. Tus inventor yog Nikolai Gavrilovich Slavyanov.

1888-1890 xyoo. Photocell. Alexander Grigorievich Stoletov nrhiav tau peb txoj cai ntawm photoelectric nyhuv thiab tsim thawj photocell.

Xyoo 1888 Peb-theem fais fab mov system. Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj sau ntawm invention thiab kev loj hlob ntawm peb-theem systems, xws li peb-theem lub cev muaj zog, peb-theem generator thiab peb-theem transformer. Thiab thawj zaug nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, peb-theem system nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tau siv nyob rau hauv Novorossiysk los ntawm Lavxias teb sab engineer Alexander Nikolaevich Shchennovich.

Lub xyoo yog 1889. Rifle peb-kab, qauv 1891 (Mosin phom, peb-kab). Cov phom loj tsim los ntawm Sergei Ivanovich Mosin tau los ua phom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Xyoo 1890 Chemosynthesis. Qhov tshwm sim tau pom los ntawm Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradsky.

xyoo 1891. Thermal tawg. Thawj txheej txheem tawg tau tsim los ntawm Vladimir Shukhov thiab Sergei Gavrilov.

Xyoo 1892 Kab mob. Dmitry Iosifovich Ivanovsky nrhiav pom thawj tus kab mob - tus kab mob luam yeeb mosaic.

xyoo 1893. Snail-type jump mechanism, movie koob yees duab. Tus inventor yog Joseph Andreevich Timchenko. Nws yog qhov no mechanism uas tau siv nyob rau hauv lub kinetoscope, tsim ua ke nrog Mikhail Filippovich Freudenberg.

xyoo 1894. Nefoscope. Tus inventor yog Mikhail Mikhailovich Pomortsev.

xyoo 1894. Thawj phototypesetting tshuab. Victor Afanasevich Gassiev tsim thawj lub tshuab ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1894, thaum nws muaj 15 xyoos. Nyob rau hauv 1897 nws tau thov rau patent thiab tau txais nws nyob rau hauv 1900.

Lub xyoo yog 1895. "Xov tooj cua ntes" / Xov tooj cua receiver. Alexander Stepanovich Popov: "Kuv zoo siab npaum li cas uas txoj kev sib txuas lus tshiab tau qhib tsis yog txawv teb chaws, tab sis hauv Russia."

Xyoo 1896 Overlapping plhaub. Tus inventor yog Vladimir G. Shukhov.

Xyoo 1896 Stretch lug. Tus inventor yog Vladimir G. Shukhov.

Xyoo 1896 Hyperboloid qauv. Tus inventor yog Vladimir G. Shukhov. Ua tib zoo saib mus rau Shukhov Ntauwd.

Xyoo 1897 Mesh plhaub / Aircraft hangars. Tus inventor yog Vladimir G. Shukhov. Mesh plhaub yog zoo tagnrho rau dav pavilions thiab dav hlau hangars.

Xyoo 1898 Polar icebreaker. Polar icebreaker yog cov dej khov nab kuab uas muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm hauv cov dej polar uas npog nrog thaj tsam loj ntawm cov dej khov dej hiav txwv ntau xyoo. Lavxias teb sab icebreaker Ermak yog thawj icebreaker muaj peev xwm sailing los ntawm pob dej khov. Nws tau tsim hauv tebchaws Askiv xyoo 1897-1898. tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab Admiral Stepan Osipovich Makarov thiab nyob rau hauv nws kev saib xyuas. Hauv thawj 12 xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, lub icebreaker siv ntau tshaj ib txhiab hnub hauv cov dej khov. Pib nrog lub nkoj no, Russia tau tsim qhov loj tshaj plaws dej hiav txwv-mus icebreaker fleet ntawm 20th thiab 21st centuries.

Xyoo 1898 Xov tooj cua tswj. Lub Plaub Hlis 7 (Lub Peb Hlis 25), 1898, Nikolai Dmitrievich Pilchikov tau ua thawj qhov kev sim ntawm xov tooj cua tswj.

xyoo 1899. Electromagnetic radiation siab. Pyotr Nikolaevich Lebedev tau ua pov thawj los ntawm nws qhov kev sim ua lub neej ntawm lub teeb siab.

xyoo 1899. Electrified monorail. Thawj electrified monorail nyob rau hauv Russia tau tsim nyob rau hauv Gatchina raws li tus tsim ntawm Ippolit Vladimirovich Romanov. Qhov project muab rau muaj peev xwm ntawm regenerative braking ntawm tsheb ciav hlau. Romanov twb tau xav txog lub automation ntawm lub zog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tshem tawm cov tib neeg qhov tseem ceeb, thiab raws li ib tug kev daws teeb meem, nws tau npaj ib tug tsis siv neeg txo nyob rau hauv ceev thaum tsheb ciav hlau mus txog ib tug txaus ntshai deb (1.5-2 km).

xyoo 1901. Conditioned reflex. Qhib los ntawm Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Pavlov tau txais qhov khoom plig Nobel hauv xyoo 1904 "rau nws txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm kev zom zaub mov."

xyoo 1901. Phagocytic txoj kev xav ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tus creator yog Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov. Rau nws txoj haujlwm hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, nws tau txais qhov khoom plig Nobel xyoo 1908, ua ke nrog Paul Izmarovich Erlich.

xyoo 1901. Chromatography. Tus inventor yog Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet.

xyoo 1902. Xim thaij duab los ntawm triple exposure method. Tus inventor yog Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky. Nyob rau hauv 1905, nws patented tus tsim ntawm ib tug sensitizer uas yog sib npaug rhiab rau tag nrho cov xim spectrum.

xyoo 1902. Kev tua hluav taws ua npuas ncauj. Hluav taws kub sib ntaus ua npuas ncauj yog ua npuas ncauj siv los tua hluav taws. Nws txoj haujlwm yog kom txias thiab thaiv qhov nkag ntawm hluav taws rau oxygen. Qhov tshwm sim yuav yog qhov kawg ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Hluav taws kub sib ntaus ua npuas ncauj tau tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab engineer thiab chemist Alexander Grigorievich Laurent nyob rau hauv 1902. Nws yog ib tug kws qhia ntawv ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Baku, uas yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev lag luam roj thaum lub sij hawm. Txaus siab rau cov roj hluav taws kub hnyav uas nyuaj rau kev tua, Laurent sim nrhiav cov khoom ua kua uas tuaj yeem daws tau qhov teeb meem zoo, thiab yog li nws tau tsim hluav taws kub sib ntaus ua npuas ncauj.

xyoo 1903. Theoretical substantiation ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov chaw ya davhlau. Tsim los ntawm Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky.

xyoo 1903. Cytoskeleton. Nikolai Konstantinovich Koltsov qhia tias cov duab ntawm lub hlwb yog txiav txim los ntawm lub network ntawm tubules, uas nws hu ua cytoskeleton.

xyoo 1903. Lub nkoj tsav. Lavxias teb sab tanker Vandal yog lub ntiaj teb thawj lub nkoj nkoj thiab lub ntiaj teb thawj lub nkoj hluav taws xob.

xyoo 1903. Hluav taws xob prospecting. Lub monograph "Ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob rau kev nrhiav cov ore deposits" los ntawm EI Ragozin, luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1903, tau los ua ib tug ci ntsa iab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm no seem ntawm geophysics.

xyoo 1904. Aerodynamics. Xyoo Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky tsim lub theorem nqa tuaj yeem suav tias yog xyoo yug ntawm aerodynamics raws li kev tshawb fawb. Sergey Alekseevich Chaplygin tau ua haujlwm loj rau aerodynamics, thiab nws raug hu ua tus tsim ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no nrog Zhukovsky.

xyoo 1904. Ua npuas ncauj tua hluav taws. Lub tshuab tua hluav taws ua npuas ncauj yog ib hom hluav taws tua hluav taws uas siv hluav taws tua hluav taws ua npuas ncauj. Nws ua haujlwm thiab zoo li carbon dioxide, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv hauv. Lub thawv tseem ceeb muaj cov tshuaj aqueous, cov hmoov sib tov (feem ntau licorice hauv paus) thiab sodium bicarbonate. Thawj qhov hluav taws kub tua hluav taws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1904 los ntawm Alexander Grigorievich Laurent, uas tau tsim ua npuas ncauj ob xyoos dhau los.

xyoo 1904. Mortar. Inventors: Sergei Nikolaevich Vlasyev thiab Leonid Nikolaevich Gobyato.

xyoo 1905. Korotkoff suab, ib txoj kev ntsuas ntshav siab los ntawm kev mloog. Qhib los ntawm Nikolai Sergeevich Korotkov.

xyoo 1905. Unsinkable. Lub tswvyim ntawm unsinkability yog thawj zaug qhia los ntawm Stepan Osipovich Makarov, txoj kev xav ntawm unsinkability yog tsim los ntawm Alexei Nikolaevich Krylov, ntxiv thiab tsim los ntawm Ivan Grigorievich Bubnov.

xyoo 1906. Electromagnetic seismograph. Tus inventor yog Boris Borisovich Golitsyn.

xyoo 1906. Puppet animation. Alexander Viktorovich Shiryaev yog thawj zaug tua ib tug menyuam roj hmab tas luav nyob rau hauv 1906. Nws yog nthuav tias rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm Vladislav Aleksandrovich Starevich, lwm Lavxias teb sab animator, raug suav hais tias yog ib tug pioneer.

xyoo 1907. Snowmobile / Snowmobile. Thawj thiab tam sim no ua tiav snowmobile tau ua los ntawm Sergei Sergeevich Nezhdanovsky.

xyoo 1907. Accordion.

xyoo 1907. Lub TV. Boris Lvovich Rosing tau tsim thawj txoj kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev kaw thiab rov tsim cov duab, siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob scanning thiab cathode ray raj, uas yog, thawj zaug "formulated" lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm niaj hnub TV. Patent No. 18076 "Txoj kev xa hluav taws xob ntawm cov duab nyob deb", lees paub los ntawm patent hauv tebchaws Askiv (1908) thiab patent hauv Tebchaws Yelemees (1909). Xyoo 1911, nws tau tswj kom ua tiav qhov kev txais tos ntawm cov duab ntawm cov duab yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv nws chav kuaj. Nws yog lub ntiaj teb thawj TV yeeb yam.

xyoo 1907. Cathedral ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm Tswv Yexus rau Ntshav. Ib qho haujlwm zoo ntawm architecture. Lub tsev teev ntuj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog mosaics nrog tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm 7,500 sq / m, uas yog me ntsis tsawg tshaj li thaj tsam ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws sau ntawm mosaics nyob rau hauv lub Cathedral ntawm St. Louis (7,700 sq / m).

xyoo 1909. Induction qhov cub. Tus inventor yog Alexander Nikolaevich Lodygin.

1910 xyoo. Ionic excitation txoj kev xav. Tus tsim - Peter Petrovich Lazarev.

1910 xyoo. Synthetic roj hmab. Thawj daim ntawv ua lag luam zoo ntawm cov roj hmab hluavtaws yog polybutadiene, tsim los ntawm Sergei Vasilievich Lebedev.

1910 xyoo. Kev hloov kho, cov nyhuv Kuleshov. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev kho tau piav qhia los ntawm ib tug pioneers ntawm lub ntiaj teb no cinematography - Lev Vladimirovich Kuleshov.

1910 xyoo. Tsis yog Aristotelian logic. Tus tsim - Nikolay Alexandrovich Vasiliev.

xyoo 1911. Knapsack parachute. Tus inventor yog Gleb Evgenievich Kotelnikov. Lub parachute muaj ib puag ncig zoo, haum rau hauv ib lub hnab hlau, nyob ntawm tus tsav nrog lub sam xauv nees. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub knapsack, nyob rau hauv lub dome, muaj springs uas pov lub dome rau hauv kwj dej tom qab lub bouncing ib tug rub tawm lub tso lub nplhaib. Tom qab ntawd, lub hnab tawv tawv tau hloov nrog ib qho mos mos, thiab cov honeycombs tshwm rau hauv qab rau cov kab hauv lawv. Qhov kev tsim ntawm kev cawm dim yog tseem siv niaj hnub no.

xyoo 1911. Hafnium. Lub caij tau pom nws tus kheej los ntawm Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky nrog nws tus tub kawm Konstantin Avtonomovich Nenadkevich thiab Georges Urbain.

xyoo 1911. Stanislavsky system. Ib txheej txheej txheem siv los npaj cov neeg ua yeeb yam los piav txog cov kev xav ntawm lawv cov cim. Tus txheej txheem, uas yog Ameslikas tsim los ntawm Konstantin Stanislavsky nyob rau hauv 1911-1916, yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm kev xav nco, nyob rau hauv uas tus actor yog nyob rau hauv lub tsom xam nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav qhia tau hais tias tus cwj pwm txawv ntawm tus cwj pwm.

Xyoo 1911-1915. "Tank ntawm Mendeleev". Qhov project ntawm lub ntiaj teb thawj super-hnyav tank yog tsim los ntawm Vasily Dmitrievich Mendeleev.

xyoo 1912. Nres parachute. Tsim los ntawm Gleb Evgenievich Kotelnikov thiab sim nws ntawm lub tsheb Russo-Balt. Nyob rau hauv aviation, lub braking parachute yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv 1937, thaum lub sij hawm npaj ntawm lub Soviet ntoj ke mus kawm rau lub North Ncej cheeb tsam.

xyoo 1912. Oblique monoplane. Lub ntiaj teb thawj strut-braced monoplane yog tsim los ntawm Yakov Modestovich Gakkel.

xyoo 1913. Neeg nrog caij dav hlau. Lub ntiaj teb thawj plaub lub cav dav hlau "Lavxias Knight" thiab "Ilya Muromets" los ntawm Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky.

xyoo 1913. Loop. Lub Cuaj Hli 9 (Lub Yim Hli 27), 1913, Pyotr Nikolaevich Nesterov, raws li nws cov kev suav, tau ua ib lub voj kaw hauv lub dav hlau ntsug, uas tom qab lub npe hu ua nws. Yog li, nws tau tso lub hauv paus ntawm aerobatics.

xyoo 1913. Ib nrab-track tag nrho-struts tsheb. Kuj hu ua Kegress cav, tsim los ntawm Adolphe Kegress.

xyoo 1913. Synthetic roj hmab. Boris Vasilievich Byzov nrhiav tau ib txoj hauv kev los tsim cov roj hmab hluavtaws los ntawm cov roj.

xyoo 1913. Synthetic detergent. Grigory Semyonovich Petrov nyob rau hauv 1913 patented ib tug txhais tau tias rau splitting rog. Niaj hnub no nws yog dav paub nyob rau hauv lub npe "Petrov's Kerosene Contact".

xyoo 1913. Lub dav hlau. Dmitry Pavlovich Grigorovich tsim lub ntiaj teb thawj lub dav hlau "M-1".

xyoo 1914. Gjirocar. Tus inventor yog Pyotr Petrovich Shilovsky.

xyoo 1914. Lub tswv yim bomber. "Ilya Muromets" los ntawm Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky.

xyoo 1913. Dav hlau "Svyatogor". Lub dav hlau loj tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tsis tau tawm tsuas yog vim kev tuag tsis meej ntawm nws tus tsim, Vasily Andrianovich Slesarev.

xyoo 1915. Zelinsky-Kummant gas mask. Tsim los ntawm Xib Fwb ND Zelinsky ua ke nrog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm daim duab peb sab cog MI Kummant hauv xyoo 1915, ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm James Burt Garner.

xyoo 1915. Tag nrho cov tsheb. Lub tsheb tag nrho yog thawj tus qauv ntawm lub tank taug qab los yog lub voj voog, thiab thawj lub tank amphibious. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1915 los ntawm Alexander Alexandrovich Porokhovshchikov.

xyoo 1916. Trans-Siberian Railway. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntev tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

xyoo 1916. Optophone. Tus inventor yog Vladimir Davidovich Baranov-Rossine. Nws tau tsim cov tswv yim ntawm Aleksandr Nikolayevich Scriabin thiab tsim ib qho "optophone" (ib hom "xim" piano) - ib lub cuab yeej nrog lub kaw lus ntawm cov yuam sij uas tso cai rau ntau tshaj peb txhiab ntxoov ntawm lub spectrum mus rau qhov screen.